scholarly journals Roselle anthocyanin stability profile and its potential role in post-harvest deterioration: A review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar Abdullahi Lema ◽  
Nor Hasima Mahmod ◽  
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker ◽  
Mahmoud Dogara Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Anthocyanin Stability ◽  
Post Harvest Deterioration ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dried Extract ◽  
Insight Into

The conversion of roselle calyx into a dried extract without decreasing its consistency is a challenge, given the perishability of the calyx and instability of anthocyanin, which can quickly degrade and develop colored or unwanted brown colors because of its high reactivity. The most critical factors influencing anthocyanins' stability are pH, temperature, light and post-harvest-related enzymes. Besides, the calyx suffered wound injury when removing seed from the calyx, causing stress and eventually, microbial degradation. Nonetheless, mature anthocyanins stimulate plants by responding to stress, especially drought, high salinity, excess light and injury; it is also correlated with improved stress resistance as the genes of individual plants are triggered under these conditions modulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. This work investigates the stability and potential role of roselle anthocyanin in post harvest deterioration. Anthocyanin stability can, therefore, be achieved by maintaining low pH and temperature, acylation, glycosylation, copigmentation and encapsulation. In the quest for roselle deterioration biomarkers, the detection of critical enzymes, such as Chalcone synthase CHS and FH3 Flavanone 3 hydroxylase, would offer insight into the genetic modification of anthocyanin.

scholarly journals NMR and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics to Study Osmotic Stress in Lignan-Deficient Flax

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Kamar Hamade ◽  
Ophélie Fliniaux ◽  
Jean-Xavier Fontaine ◽  
Roland Molinié ◽  
Elvis Otogo Nnang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Osmotic Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Flax ◽  
Insight Into

Lignans, phenolic plant secondary metabolites, are derived from the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. Although, being investigated for their health benefits in terms of antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties, the role of these molecules in plants remains incompletely elucidated; a potential role in stress response mechanisms has been, however, proposed. In this study, a non-targeted metabolomic analysis of the roots, stems, and leaves of wild-type and PLR1-RNAi transgenic flax, devoid of (+) secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ((+) SDG)—the main flaxseed lignan, was performed using 1H-NMR and LC-MS, in order to obtain further insight into the involvement of lignan in the response of plant to osmotic stress. Results showed that wild-type and lignan-deficient flax plants have different metabolic responses after being exposed to osmotic stress conditions, but they both showed the capacity to induce an adaptive response to osmotic stress. These findings suggest the indirect involvement of lignans in osmotic stress response.

Insight into the role of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes in Medicago truncatula mutants impaired in pigmentation in leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Carletti ◽  
Luigi Lucini ◽  
Matteo Busconi ◽  
Adriano Marocco ◽  
Jamila Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Insight Into

Role of sterics in phosphine-ligated gold clusters

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1689-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Parrish ◽  
Mary King ◽  
Marshall R. Ligare ◽  
Grant E. Johnson ◽  
Heriberto Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Insight Into

This study examined the solution-phase exchange reactions of triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands on Au8L72+ (L = PPh3) gold clusters with three different tolyl ligands using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to provide insight into how steric differences in the phosphines influence the extent of ligand exchange and the stability of the resulting mixed-phosphine clusters.

scholarly journals The Role of MicroRNAs in Selected Forms of Glomerulonephritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Nalewajska ◽  
Klaudia Gurazda ◽  
Ewa Styczyńska-Kowalska ◽  
Małgorzata Marchelek-Myśliwiec ◽  
Andrzej Pawlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Insight Into

Glomerulonephritis (GN) represents a collection of kidney diseases characterized by inflammation within the renal glomeruli and small blood vessels. The lesions that occur in other nephron structures mainly result from the harmful effects of proteinuria. In recent years, an emphasis has been placed on gaining a better insight into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of GN in order to facilitate diagnoses and provide efficient and targeted treatments of the disease. Owing to the advanced molecular and genetic diagnostic techniques available today, researchers have been able to elucidate that most cases of GN are determined by genetic risk factors and are associated with the abnormal functioning of the immune system (the immunologically mediated forms of GN). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of single-stranded, non-coding molecules, approximately 20 nucleotides in length, that act as regulatory factors in the post-transcriptional processes capable of regulating the expression of multiple genes. In this paper we present the available research aiming to determine effects of miRNAs on the development and progression of GN and discuss the potential role of miRNAs as new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Degradation rate uniformity determines success of oscillations in repressive feedback regulatory networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (142) ◽  
pp. 20180157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Page ◽  
Ruben Perez-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Oscillatory Behaviour ◽  
Sustained Oscillations ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Computational Exploration ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Insight Into

Ring oscillators are biochemical circuits consisting of a ring of interactions capable of sustained oscillations. The nonlinear interactions between genes hinder the analytical insight into their function, usually requiring computational exploration. Here, we show that, despite the apparent complexity, the stability of the unique steady state in an incoherent feedback ring depends only on the degradation rates and a single parameter summarizing the feedback of the circuit. Concretely, we show that the range of regulatory parameters that yield oscillatory behaviour is maximized when the degradation rates are equal. Strikingly, this result holds independently of the regulatory functions used or number of genes. We also derive properties of the oscillations as a function of the degradation rates and number of nodes forming the ring. Finally, we explore the role of mRNA dynamics by applying the generic results to the specific case with two naturally different degradation timescales.

The role of the KRSIK motif of human angiogenin in heparin and DNA binding

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (86) ◽  
pp. 82644-82647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwon Joo Yeo ◽  
Jun-Goo Jee ◽  
Jin-Wan Park ◽  
Yu-Jin Lee ◽  
Kyoung-Seok Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Interaction Site ◽  
Insight Into

The 50KRSIK54 motif is the main interaction site of hAng for heparin and DNA binding, providing an insight into the potential role of the motif for the internalization and DNA binding of hAng, which is essential for the regulation of angiogenesis.

Instability of Si3N4/, SiC/, and MoSi2/ethanol suspensions

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Fukada ◽  
Patrick S. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tetramethyl Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Insight Into

Time-dependent suspension behavior is reported for nonoxide ceramic powders (Si3N4, SiC, and MoSi2) in ethanol. The suspension pH (and therefore the stability) changed with time. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inert gas fusion, inductively coupled plasma, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to track changes of surface chemistry. The adsorption of the base, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), is examined. The pH drop on powder addition to pure EtOH was used to gain insight into the role of TMAH coverage of the powder surfaces.

scholarly journals Role of dystroglycan in limiting contraction-induced injury to the sarcomeric cytoskeleton of mature skeletal muscle

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (39) ◽  
pp. 10992-10997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik P. Rader ◽  
Rolf Turk ◽  
Tobias Willer ◽  
Daniel Beltrán ◽  
Kei-ichiro Inamori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Passive Tension ◽  
Lengthening Contractions ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Muscle Biopsies ◽  
Insight Into

Dystroglycan (DG) is a highly expressed extracellular matrix receptor that is linked to the cytoskeleton in skeletal muscle. DG is critical for the function of skeletal muscle, and muscle with primary defects in the expression and/or function of DG throughout development has many pathological features and a severe muscular dystrophy phenotype. In addition, reduction in DG at the sarcolemma is a common feature in muscle biopsies from patients with various types of muscular dystrophy. However, the consequence of disrupting DG in mature muscle is not known. Here, we investigated muscles of transgenic mice several months after genetic knockdown of DG at maturity. In our study, an increase in susceptibility to contraction-induced injury was the first pathological feature observed after the levels of DG at the sarcolemma were reduced. The contraction-induced injury was not accompanied by increased necrosis, excitation–contraction uncoupling, or fragility of the sarcolemma. Rather, disruption of the sarcomeric cytoskeleton was evident as reduced passive tension and decreased titin immunostaining. These results reveal a role for DG in maintaining the stability of the sarcomeric cytoskeleton during contraction and provide mechanistic insight into the cause of the reduction in strength that occurs in muscular dystrophy after lengthening contractions.

scholarly journals Insight into motor control and motor impairment from stroke and beta oscillations

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 3033-3035
Author(s):  
Ramina Adam ◽  
Silvia Isabella ◽  
Jason L. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Insight Into

Beta oscillations are associated with motor function and are thought to play a role in movement impairment. In a recent magnetoencephalography (MEG) study, Rossiter et al. ( J Neurophysiol 112: 2053–2058, 2014) found a disruption in the modulation of movement-related beta oscillations in stroke patients that correlated with motor impairment. We discuss how beta oscillatory measures characterize motor impairment, the implications of stroke variability, and the potential role of GABA in modulating oscillations following stroke and during stroke recovery.

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