Labour Market Transition Differences between Natives and Immigrants in EU Economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerija Botrić
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Transition

Vocational bachelor graduates in France: labour market integration and social mobility

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Calmand ◽  
Jean-François Giret ◽  
Christine Guégnard
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Upward Social Mobility ◽  
Professional Occupation

Purpose – In France, the vocationalization of higher education has resulted in an increase in the number of graduates and created new opportunities. The access of these vocational bachelor graduates to the labour market raises the issue of their professional prospects amid changing economic and social circumstances. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – To provide insights into these issues, the employment situation of bachelor graduates during the first years of active working life will be compared with other tertiary graduates entering the labour market in the same years, using econometric models that estimate the effects of vocational courses “all other things being equal”, incorporating a range of individual characteristics. Findings – Overall, vocational bachelor graduates experienced fewer difficulties in seeking to enter the labour market during difficult economic circumstances. They did not achieve upward social mobility with a lower probability of obtaining a managerial/professional occupation three years after graduation. These results confirm that diplomas continue to play a central and hierarchized role in France. Originality/value – The originality of this paper is to highlight the labour market transition of vocational bachelor graduates during a period of economic crisis, inquiring on the social benefit of this new diploma in France: what were the impacts of the changing economic conditions and influx of vocational bachelor graduates on their labour market transition and their chances of upward social mobility?

scholarly journals Work-focused interventions that promote the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Arif Jetha ◽  
Robert Shaw ◽  
Adrienne R Sinden ◽  
Quenby Mahood ◽  
Monique AM Gignac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Competitive Employment

ObjectiveYoung adulthood is an important transitional life phase where careers are established. Young adults with chronic disabling health conditions are underrepresented in the labour market. Our study aims to examine the effectiveness of work-focused interventions that support the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions; and to examine whether the effectiveness of work-focused interventions differ across work transition phase (eg, preparation, entry and sustaining work, employment advancement) and disability type.MethodsA systematic review of articles published between January 1990 and July 2018 was conducted. Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo were searched, and titles/abstracts and full texts of articles were reviewed for eligibility. Relevant articles were appraised for methodological quality. A best evidence synthesis was applied to medium-quality/high-quality studies to develop recommendations.Results5816 articles were identified; 10 articles were relevant and of moderate–high methodological quality. Six intervention categories were identified which focused on young adults with mental health or intellectual/learning disabilities (n=3) and addressed employment preparation (n=10) and/or work entry (n=9). No interventions addressed at-work issues or career advancement. Strong evidence existed for tailored supported employment (SE) interventions having a positive impact on preparation and entry into competitive employment. Also, moderate evidence existed for the positive impact of SE on preparation and entry into competitive employment for young adults with mental health conditions.ConclusionsTailored SE is recommended to foster preparation and entry into the labour market. Evidence-based interventions are needed to facilitate sustained work and career advancement of young adults living with different disabling health conditions.

scholarly journals VET Realignment and the Development of Technical Elites: Learning at Work in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Esmond ◽  
Liz Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Workplace Learning ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Learning At Work ◽  
National Differences

Context: An enhanced role for work-based learning is advocated increasingly widely across industrialised countries and by international Vocational Education and Training (VET) policies. However, this is framed differently in each country by long-term policy orientations that reflect VET’s relationship with wider economic and social formations. These national differences reflect path dependency but also distinctive responses to contemporary challenges such as globalisation. In England, recent reforms strengthening workplace learning are constrained by existing patterns of skill formation and may be shaped by further market liberalisation and divergence from social and economic policies in Europe. Approach: The study examined the relationship between greater emphasis on workplace learning in England and societal change, addressing the research question: how are early experiences of work in England, as part of young people’s full-time education programmes, positioning them for future employment? Case studies were organised around apparently distinctive placement types that had emerged from earlier studies. Using the constant comparative method, the team identified a series of categories to distinguish the way each type of work-based learning positioned students in a particular type of labour market transition.Findings: Evidence emerged of divergence in England’s "further education" system, across mainly male "technical" routes, young people on vocational courses preparing them for routine, low-skilled, precarious employment, and an area of greater uncertainty preparing young people for digital routes linked to the "new economy". Key dimensions of difference included study locations, discourses of occupational status, types of valued learning content, approaches to socialisation, sources of expertise and processes of credentialisation. In each case, learning at work served to position students for a particular type of labour market transition, which we characterise as technical elite formation, welfare VET and new economy precarity.Conclusion: Approaches to workplace learning in England already reflect social distinctions but entail the possibility of reinforcing these, supporting a more hierarchical pattern of labour market transition. Whilst the upper strata of VET shift their purpose to support the formation of new "technical elites", others face the possibility of further marginalisation. Such new inequalities could become central to a further fragmented society in a post-Brexit, post-COVID-19 Britain. Other European states facing challenges of globalisation and the transition to services are also likely to experience pressures for VET stratification, although they may seek less divisive solutions. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document