scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBER ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Merenkova ◽  
O Zinina ◽  
M Stuart ◽  
E Okuskhanova ◽  
N Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

The aim of this article is to review literature data on the terminology, classification and physiological effects of dietary fibers. Results. The scientific studies on the terminology, classification and characteristics of various types of dietary fiber are presented, the sources of dietary fiber and their positive physiological effects are described. Nowadays no consensus definition has been given to the concept of dietary fibers. The authors point to dietary fibers being related to chemical compounds defined by structure, or functional properties, and/or a combination of both structural and functional properties. The authors noted one commonality in these definitions: each mentioned positive physiological effects. The modern classification system for dietary fibers is wide and diverse and can be based on origin, structure of polymers, solubility, ion exchange, sorption or physiological effect. Many studies have shown that dietary fibers can promote human health and help prevent specific chronic diseases that increase mortality and reduce life expectancy. Numerous healthful effects of the dietary fibers have been documented. These include curative and preventive effects for diseases such as obesity, certain types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and constipation. Conclusion. Fibers are considered before other nutrients to ensure a healthy nutrition. Research continues to contribute new data on the effect of dietary fiber on the human body.

scholarly journals Hydrogen peroxide modification affects the structure and physicochemical properties of dietary fibers from white turnip (Brassica Rapa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Xue-jie Zhou ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
Han Lin ◽  
Jia-le Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

AbstractTurnip (Brassica rapa L.) is widely consumed as a vegetable and traditional Chinese medicine with high dietary fiber content. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) were obtained from white turnips, and the IDF was modified with alkaline hydrogen peroxide to obtain modified IDF (MIDF) and modified SDF (MSDF). The compositional, structural, and functional properties of the four samples were investigated. After modification, the modified dietary fibers (MDFs) showed smaller particle sizes and lower contents of pectin and polyphenol than those of unmodified dietary fibers (DFs) The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that compared to the DFs, the MDFs were smaller and had more exposed hydroxyl groups. Analysis of the microrheological behaviors showed that the MDFs had higher viscosity than that of the DFs, with a looser structure for the MSDF and a stable structure for the MIDF. Therefore, due to structural changes, the physical and functional properties of the MDFs were improved compared to those of the unmodified DFs. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the particle size was positively correlated with the pectin content. The water holding capacity (WHC), oil adsorption capacity (OAC) and water swelling capacity (WSC) showed positive correlations with each other. This work indicated that white turnip could be a potential new source of DFs, which presented desirable functional properties after modification.

Dietary Fibers and their Role as Functional Food for Human Health

2017 ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Murlidhar Meghwal ◽  
Ravi-Kumar Kadeppagari
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Digestive Disorders

This chapter mainly summarizes the sources of dietary fibers and how they act as functional food for benefiting the human health. Dietary fibers could be soluble and insoluble in water and the major sources are fruits, vegetables, nuts and whole grains. Dietary fibers play role in the control of various disorders like cardiovascular diseases, digestive disorders, diabetes, obesity and colonic cancer. Dietary fibers benefit the human health by acting through various mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract. According to the WHO recommendations at least 25 g of dietary fiber per day should be consumed. Effect of food processing practices on the physiochemical and functional properties of dietary fibers is also covered in this chapter.

Effects of thermal processing on the structural and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber from whole grain oats

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Lin Dong ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Rui-Ling Shen ◽  
Ya-Fei Zhai ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

Normal pressure steaming, high pressure steaming, microwave, and frying are widely used to deactivate enzyme in the oats, but these thermal processing methods may affect the structural and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber, which contribute greatly to the health benefits of oat foods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of four different thermal processing methods on the structural and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber from whole grain oats. The results showed that the thermal processing resulted in changes on nutritional components of whole grain oats. Especially dietary fiber components, the total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber content of heat-treated oats were significantly increased ( p < 0.05). Moreover, thermal processing can not only result in an increase in molecular weight and particle size, but also cause molecular aggregation and different functional properties of soluble dietary fiber. High pressure steaming-treated oat soluble dietary fiber displayed significantly higher swelling and emulsifying ( p < 0.05), but microwave-treated oat soluble dietary fiber exhibited the highest glucose, cholesterol, and sodium cholate adsorption capacities. These results might provide basic information to help to better understand the functionality of oat soluble dietary fiber and improve the process efficiency of oat foods with high nutritional qualities.

scholarly journals Date Seeds as a Natural Source of Dietary Fibers to Improve Texture and Sensory Properties of Wheat Bread

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Bouaziz ◽  
Amal Ben Abdeddayem ◽  
Mohamed Koubaa ◽  
Raoudha Ellouz Ghorbel ◽  
Semia Ellouz Chaabouni
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Date Seed

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of date seed water-soluble polysaccharides (DSP) and hemicellulose (DSH) as dietary fiber sources in enhancing the wheat bread’s quality. DSP and DSH were extracted from the three date seed varieties Deglet Nour, Ghars Souf, and Allig. The extraction yields ranged from 3.8% to 6.14% and from 13.29% to 18.8%, for DSP and DSH, respectively. DSP and DSH showed interesting functional properties and were incorporated at 0.5% and 0.75% (w/w) in wheat flour with low bread-making quality (FLBM). The results showed that the addition of 0.75% DSH significantly improved the alveograph profile of the dough, and in a more efficient way than that of DSP. Furthermore, bread evaluation revealed that the addition of DSH considerably improved the volume (by 24.22%) and the texture profile of bread (decrease of the hardness and chewiness by 41.54% and 33.81%, respectively), compared to control bread (prepared with FLBM). A sensory analysis showed that the better overall acceptability was found for bread supplemented with DSH. Results in this work demonstrate that hemicellulose fraction extracted from date seeds (DSH) and added with a level of 0.75% to FLBM represents the component that improved bread quality the best.

scholarly journals Modification of Apple Pomace by Extrusion Processing: Studies on the Composition, Polymer Structures, and Functional Properties

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Vera Schmid ◽  
Antje Trabert ◽  
Judith Schäfer ◽  
Mirko Bunzel ◽  
Heike P. Karbstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Pore Size Analysis ◽  
By Products

By-products of fruit and vegetable processing are an inexpensive and sustainable source of dietary fiber, potentially offering valuable functional properties such as water binding and thickening. Due to these favorable properties, they can be utilized to reformulate widely-consumed foods, e.g., bakery products or beverages. In this study, apple pomace was used as a model system to study whether extrusion technology affects food by-product functionality and thus has the potential to broaden the application of by-products in foods. The effect of the process parameters and the extent of thermo-mechanical treatment on the structural and functional properties of apple pomace were analyzed after extrusion trials using various screw speeds, water contents, and barrel temperatures. Compared to the raw material, apple pomace extruded at Tbarrel = 100 °C, n = 700 min−1 and mH2O = 17% showed an increased water solubility up to 33%. The water absorption increased from 5 to 19 Pa·s and the paste viscosity from 5 to 339 Pa·s by extrusion processing. Analyses of dietary fiber contents and fiber polysaccharide structures revealed that thermo-mechanical stress (n = 700 min−1, mH2O = 22%) increased the content of soluble dietary fiber from 12.5 to 16.7 g/100 g dry matter, and that the harshest conditions even enabled the formation of low-molecular-weight dietary fiber. Arabinans (as neutral rhamnogalacturonan I side chains) appeared to be most sensitive to thermo-mechanical stress, whereas xylans (i.e., a group of minor polysaccharides) were an example of a more stable fiber polysaccharide. Also, the degree of methylation of the pectic polysaccharides was strongly reduced from 50% to 15% when thermo-mechanical stress was applied. Imaging and pore size analysis showed that extrusion processing could disrupt the rigid cell wall macromolecular structure.

scholarly journals Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber Extracted from Untreated and Steam Explosion-Treated Black Soybean Hull

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Meng Shen ◽  
Yunfei Ge ◽  
Ziyue Kang ◽  
Zhigang Quan ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Black Soybean ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Yolk Cholesterol

Black soybean hull was subjected to steam explosion (SE) treatment under different conditions to improve the yield and properties of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) extract. Optimal conditions for SE treatment were found to be moisture content of 15%, pressure level of 1.0 MPa, and treatment time of 80 s. Under these conditions, the yield of SDF increased from 10.20% to 17.49%. In addition, structural and functional properties of SDF from untreated and SE-treated black soybean hull were investigated. Soluble dietary fiber extracted from SE-treated hull exhibited lower molecular weight and improved functional properties, such as cholesterol-binding capacity, when compared to SDF extracted from untreated soybean hull. In addition, SDF extracted from SE-treated black soybean hull showed a rough surface structure, while a smooth surface structure was found for SDF extracted from the untreated hull. The obtained results indicate that SE treatment can be successfully used to enhance the yield and the property of yolk cholesterol absorption of SDF adsorption of yolk cholesterol functional properties of SDF from black soybean hull.

scholarly journals Soluble Dietary Fiber, One of the Most Important Nutrients for the Gut Microbiota

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6802
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei Guan ◽  
En-Ze Yu ◽  
Qiang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Clinical Interventions ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health

Dietary fiber is a widely recognized nutrient for human health. Previous studies proved that dietary fiber has significant implications for gastrointestinal health by regulating the gut microbiota. Moreover, mechanistic research showed that the physiological functions of different dietary fibers depend to a great extent on their physicochemical characteristics, one of which is solubility. Compared with insoluble dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber can be easily accessed and metabolized by fiber-degrading microorganisms in the intestine and produce a series of beneficial and functional metabolites. In this review, we outlined the structures, characteristics, and physiological functions of soluble dietary fibers as important nutrients. We particularly focused on the effects of soluble dietary fiber on human health via regulating the gut microbiota and reviewed their effects on dietary and clinical interventions.

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