scholarly journals Approaches to integrate land-use and transport planning. Analysing the political dimension of integrative planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-227
Author(s):  
Meike Levin-Keitel ◽  
Irina Kim Reeker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Mobility Behaviour ◽  
German Cities ◽  
Two Sectors

Assuming that mobility behaviour of citizens can be partially influenced by certain spatial structures, the integration of land-use and transport planning seems to be a key aspect of a transition towards sustainable mobility. Such an integrated planning approach is characterised, for example, by increased cross-sectoral interaction, softened institutionalised boundaries between the two sectors of land-use and transport planning as well as cross-sectorally shared goals. However, this often-articulated claim for integration remains unclear in its implementation. Hence, this article presents a conceptual framework within the three dimensions of policy, polity and politics to grasp what integration comprises in its different aspects. The two German cities of Dortmund and Hanover serve as case studies. It appears that informal interaction (politics) between the two sectors acts as a necessary precondition whereas true political will and shared targets (policy) are needed to really initiate the process towards integration. Ultimately, an approach is fully integrated if the institutional design (polity) is adapted in terms of hierarchical coordination and largely removed sectoral boundaries.

scholarly journals Impact of land use on bicycle usage: A big data-based spatial approach to inform transport planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Qiaowen Lin ◽  
Shangan Ke ◽  
Yanghang YuYunnan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Land Use Mix ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Bicycle Lane ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Bicycling is an alternative of urban transport mode, which is significantly influenced by land use. This paper makes an effort to quantify the magnitude and direction of the impact. We first develop a theoretical framework to establish links between land use and bicycle usage. Then, trip data is crawled from Mobike, one of the largest newly emerging, free-floating bike sharing operators in Shenzhen (China), for a total of more than 7.8 million records over 191 consecutive days. And bicycling frequency, travel duration, and riding distance are obtained to be proxies of bicycle usage. Land-use characteristics regarding bicycling are comprehensively indicated by a set of standardized variables including three dimensions, land-use type, land-use mix, land-use connections, and 12 concrete indices. Panel spatial model is applied to quantify the associations at the district level with socioeconomics controlled. Results show that the percentage of green land has a remarkable impact on bicycle usage outcomes and land-use mix is positively associated with bicycling frequency. Density of intersections contributes to longer trip duration. Bicycle lane is a positive facilitator on workdays, while the number of stations is positively related to bicycle usage, especially frequency and distance. These findings provide insight into land use-transport interaction and could be of value to policymakers, planers and practitioners for transport planning while incorporating bicycling-friendly principles.

The Challenge of Achieving Sustainable Mobility in the Cities of South Asia

2018 ◽  
pp. 1555-1574
Author(s):  
Christopher Ronald Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Bicycle Infrastructure

The world's countries have committed to assure by 2030 reliable mobility to all, even in the largest cities. Review of experience of three fastest-growing cities in South Asian countries underlines reforms that will need to be applied very widely: more private-vehicle restrictions in dense zones, and reservation of some road-lanes for bus use; rapid expansion of metro/bus systems, with service franchises subject to periodic open competition; integration of land-use and transport planning, at street and city level; active collaboration of the planners with developers and builders; activation of competitive building of affordable housing; radical improvement of land market functioning; modernization of traditional building-height restrictions to encourage greater variation, against appropriate payment to the state; increased provision and maintenance of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and safety; and consideration of tolling use of private vehicles for journeys that would otherwise be undertaken by mass transit.

The Challenge of Achieving Sustainable Mobility in the Cities of South Asia

2018 ◽  
pp. 241-260
Author(s):  
Christopher Ronald Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Bicycle Infrastructure

The world's countries have committed to assure by 2030 reliable mobility to all, even in the largest cities. Review of experience of three fastest-growing cities in South Asian countries underlines reforms that will need to be applied very widely: more private-vehicle restrictions in dense zones, and reservation of some road-lanes for bus use; rapid expansion of metro/bus systems, with service franchises subject to periodic open competition; integration of land-use and transport planning, at street and city level; active collaboration of the planners with developers and builders; activation of competitive building of affordable housing; radical improvement of land market functioning; modernization of traditional building-height restrictions to encourage greater variation, against appropriate payment to the state; increased provision and maintenance of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and safety; and consideration of tolling use of private vehicles for journeys that would otherwise be undertaken by mass transit.

scholarly journals The Effects of Mobility as a Service and Autonomous Vehicles on People’s Willingness to Own a Car in the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1962
Author(s):  
Timo Liljamo ◽  
Heikki Liimatainen ◽  
Markus Pöllänen ◽  
Riku Viri
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mobility Service ◽  
The Future ◽  
Mobility Behaviour

Car ownership is one of the key factors affecting travel behaviour and thus also essential in terms of sustainable mobility. This study examines car ownership and how people’s willingness to own a car may change in the future, when considering the effects of public transport, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and automated vehicles (AVs). Results of two citizen surveys conducted with representative samples (NAV-survey = 2036; NMaaS-survey = 1176) of Finns aged 18–64 are presented. The results show that 39% of respondents would not want or need to own a car if public transport connections were good enough, 58% if the described mobility service was available and 65% if all vehicles in traffic were automated. Hence, car ownership can decrease as a result of the implementation of AVs and MaaS, and higher public transport quality of service. Current mobility behaviour has a strong correlation to car ownership, as respondents who use public transport frequently feel less of a will or need to own a car than others. Generally, women and younger people feel less of a will or need to own a car, but factors such as educational level and residential location seem to have a relatively low effect.

Evidence for the homothetic scaling of urban forms

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Lemoy ◽  
Geoffrey Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
City Size ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Radial Profiles ◽  
Population Grid ◽  
Urban Scaling

The size and form of cities influence their social and environmental impacts. Whether cities have the same form irrespective of their size is still an open question. We analyse the profile of artificial land and population density, with respect to the distance to their main centre, for the 300 largest European cities. Our analysis combines the GMES/Copernicus Urban Atlas 2006 land use database at 5 m resolution for 300 larger urban zones with more than 100,000 inhabitants and the Geostat population grid at 1 km resolution. We find a remarkable constancy of radial profiles across city sizes. Artificial land profiles scale in the two horizontal dimensions with the square root of city population, while population density profiles scale in three dimensions with its cube root. In short, cities of different size are homothetic in terms of land use and population density, which challenges the idea that larger cities are more parsimonious in the use of land per capita. While earlier literature documented the scaling of average densities (total surface and population) with city size, we document the scaling of the whole radial distance profile with city size, thus liaising intra-urban radial analysis and systems of cities. Our findings also yield homogenous spatial definitions of cities, from which we can re-question urban scaling laws and Zipf’s law for cities.

scholarly journals An Octopus and a circle at the basis of a framework for the evaluation of sustainable mobility

Transport ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Louiselle Sioui ◽  
Catherine Morency ◽  
Hubert Verreault
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Interactive Tool ◽  
Development Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Worldwide, transportation authorities are keen to implement sustainable development measures and to move toward a more sustainable mobility for people and goods. However, this implementation entails a rise in the need for a sustainable development assessment framework for mobility, in order to compare different projects or to monitor a given area. This paper addresses the issue of conceptualization and standardization of the evaluation of sustainable development in transportation, by proposing a framework, which seeks to meet the various needs of transportation planners. This framework aims to provide an exhaustive view of the sustainability features (through its three main dimensions), as well as to clarify the concept of sustainability in transportation by embedding links between actions and impacts. This paper presents the basis of the framework developed as an interactive tool: (1) a representation named ‘Octopus’ categorizing the impact of mobility on the three dimensions of sustainable development and (2) a circular representation, named ‘Causal circle’, which integrates causal links between actions and impacts on these same dimensions.

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