La gratuidad de la educación superior y sus efectos sobre el acceso: Caso Ecuador

Partindo da constatação de que a oferta de vagas na educação superior é sobre tudo privada, este trabalho pretende identificar os perfis dos bolsistas beneficiados pelo Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni), considerando três cursos: Pedagogia, Medicina e Direito. Para tanto, o recurso foi o da avaliação de políticas, tal como formulado no campo de políticas públicas. Foram analisados os microdados do questionário socioeducacional aplicado por ocasião da realização do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade), no período entre 2008 e 2013. Os dados permitem concluir que o ProUni é bem-sucedido quanto às metas estabelecidas, garantindo a inserção de jovens pobres, oriundos principalmente da escola pública. Contudo, os dados também possibilitam afirmar que o programa é limitado quanto ao seu escopo, pois as diferenças identificadas entre os bolsistas dos três cursos analisados sugerem que há uma reprodução das desigualdades educacionais.Palavras-chave: Políticas Educacionais, Avaliação de Programas, Prouni, Desigualdades Educacionais. Democratización del acceso a la educación superior en debate: evaluación de ProuniPartiendo de la constatación de que la oferta de plazas en la educación superior es sobre todo privada, este trabajo pretende identificar los perfiles de los becarios beneficiados por el Programa Universidad para Todos (ProUni), considerando tres cursos: Pedagogía, Medicina y Derecho. Para ello, se utilizó el recurso de la evaluación de políticas, tal como formulado en el campo de políticas públicas. Se analizaron los microdatos del cuestionario socioeducativo aplicado durante la realización del Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade), en el periodo abarcado entre 2008 y 2013. Los datos permiten concluir que ProUni es exitoso en lo que concierne a las metas establecidas, asegurando la inserción de jóvenes pobres provenientes por encima de todo de la escuela pública. Sin embargo, los datos también permiten afirmar que el programa es limitado en lo que se refiere a su alcance, ya que las diferencias identificadas entre los becarios de los tres cursos analizados sugieren que hay una reproducción de las desigualdades educacionales.Palabras clave: Políticas Educacionales, Evaluación de Programas, Prouni, Desigualdades Educativas. Debateon the democratization of access to higher education: evaluation of ProuniBased on the fact that the majority of vacancies in higher education is mainly in private schools in Brazil, this study aims to identify the profiles of the beneficiaries of the program University for All (ProUni). It considers three courses: Pedagogy, Medicine and Law. The research resource used was the evaluation of policies established in the field of public policies. The microdata collected, using the socio-educational questionnaire during the application of Enade between 2008 and 2013, were analyzed. These data allow us to conclude that ProUni has been successful in terms of its established goals of ensuring the access of poor young people coming from public schools, to higher education. However, the data also allow us to affirm that the program is limited in scope, since the differences identified among the benefitted students in the different courses suggest that there is a reiteration of the educational inequalities.Keywords:Educational Policies, Program Evaluation, Prouni, Educational Inequalities.

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RETOS DE LAS UNIVERSIDADES CATÓLICAS ECUATORIANAS ANTE LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN EL ECUADOR

UNIVERSIDAD VERDAD ◽

10.33324/uv.vi74.230 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 111-127

Author(s):

Fernando Ponce-León

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Civil Society ◽

Public Good ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Catholic Universities ◽

Sociedad Civil ◽

Educational Inclusion ◽

Constructing Meaning

En la sociedad contemporánea el conocimiento es un bien decisivo. Pero este bien ha sido utilizado de muchas maneras, no siempre para la conservación de la vida en el planeta. Es una responsabilidad de las universidades el reconectar conocimiento y vida. Las universidades católicas tienen mucho que aportar en este sentido, mediante una oferta educativa con determinadas características. El presente artículo sintetiza el pensamiento católico sobre conocimiento y educación superior en seis tesis. A continuación presenta tres conclusiones para el compromiso de las universidades católicas en el Ecuador, que se pueden resumir así: a) la consideración del desarrollo integral y sostenible como horizonte de sentido para la educación superior y sus tres funciones sustantivas; b) la comprensión del conocimiento como un bien público y de la educación superior como un derecho y deber de la sociedad civil, un servicio tanto estatal como civil, al tiempo que se defiende la diversidad de ofertas de sentido en educación, porque diversa es la sociedad ecuatoriana; c) la inclusión educativa como dinámica que reúne calidad y acceso democrático a la educación superior. Palabras clave: Universidad católica, conocimiento, bien público, educación superior. ABSTRACT In contemporary society, knowledge is a fundamental good. But this good has been used in many ways, not always for the conservation of life on the planet. It is the responsibility of universities to reconnect knowledge and life. Catholic universities have much to contribute in this regard through educational opportunities with certain characteristics. This article synthesizes Catholic thought on knowledge and higher education in six concepts. The following are three conclusions regarding the commitment of Catholic universities in Ecuador. These can be summarized as follows: a) the consideration of integral and sustainable development as a framework for constructing meaning for higher education and its three substantive functions. b) The understanding of knowledge as a public good, and of higher education as a right and responsibility of civil society; a service from both the stateand civil society, while defending the diversityof opportunities of meaning in education because the Ecuadorian society is diverse. c) Educational inclusion as a dynamic that brings quality and democratic access to higher education. Keywords: catholic university, knowledge, public good, higher education

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Social Mobility in Chilean Youth and Their Parents: A Generational Analysis from the Perspective of Social Reproduction

Latin American Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0094582x20939103 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0094582X2093910

Author(s):

Luis Miguel Rodrigo ◽

Mauricio Oyarzo

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Labor Market ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Social Mobility ◽

Social Reproduction ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

The Social ◽

Life Cycle Effects

Recent studies on Chile agree that the country’s youth enjoy greater social mobility than previous generations. This has been attributed either to their greater access to higher education or to life-cycle effects on occupation. A test of these two hypotheses by estimating the socioeconomic positions of four generations of Chileans using a model of analysis based on the social reproduction paradigm shows that younger generations of Chileans have a lower level of social inheritance than the rest of the population only during their initial years in the labor market. Therefore, the greater social mobility observed in them is temporary and is explained by life-cycle effects on occupation. Estudios recientes sobre Chile coinciden en que la actual juventud chilena goza de una mayor movilidad social que las generaciones anteriores. Esto se ha atribuido a su mayor acceso a la educación superior o a los efectos del ciclo de vida en la ocupación. Aquí se examinan estas dos hipótesis a partir de una aproximación en torno a las posiciones socioeconómicas de cuatro generaciones chilenas. Se utiliza un modelo analítico asentado en el paradigma de la reproducción social, el cual nos muestra que las generaciones más jóvenes tienen un grado de herencia social más bajo que el resto de la población tan sólo durante sus primeros años como participantes en el mercado laboral. Por lo tanto, su mayor movilidad social es temporal y se explica a partir de los efectos del ciclo de vida en la ocupación.

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Endeudamiento estudiantil y acceso a la educación superior en Chile / Student Debt and Access to Higher Education in Chile

Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas ◽

10.5477/cis/reis.141.91 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Mauricio Olavarría Gambi ◽

Claudio Allende González

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Student Debt ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Educacion Superior

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The Level of Education is in Ukraine: Research of Dynamics in the Context of Providing of Quality of Labour Force

Economic Herald of the Donbas ◽

10.12958/1817-3772-2020-3(61)-222-228 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 222-228

Author(s):

T. Gitis ◽

◽

A. Evseichik ◽

A. Spirato ◽

M. Andriychuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Educational Level ◽

Labour Force ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Professional Preparation ◽

General Level ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Constant Attention ◽

Level Of Education

The level of education, being the most significant sign of the quality of labor force, contributes to ensuring the development of enterprises in production and economic aspects and requires constant attention and research of its dynamics in order to prevent and overcome negative trends. In the article the estimation of level of education is conducted in Ukraine, his dynamics is investigational in the context of providing of height of quality of labour force. It is set that on part of population with higher education Ukraine passes ahead the most developed countries considerably, but in the last few years there are ambiguous changes in the level of formation of labour force. So, the amount of persons having base higher and incomplete higher education grows gradually, and the amount of persons with complete higher education diminishes vice versa. The special attention is deserved by the considerable height of amount of persons, having only base, initial common or does not have education. Also the last years there is gradual reduction of amount of competitors of higher education, reductions of level of participation of young people in the formal and informal types of studies and professional preparation (in particular in rural to locality). On the whole it is necessary to mark some decline of index of general level of formation of labour force in 2019. The presence of tendency of decline of educational level of labour force in Ukraine is conditioned by the row of factors among that it is possible to distinguish the following: limit access to higher education for the certain layers of population of Ukraine (in particular for of scanty means families and habitants of villages); selective form of differentiation of studies that assists inequality between schools; depreciation of meaningfulness of higher education, that it contingently the crisis state of economy of Ukraine; subzero activity and personal interest of leaders of the Ukrainian enterprises are in financing of increase of educational level of personnel. The set circle of factors negatively influencing on the level of formation of labour force of Ukraine requires an immediate removal. Thus a question of increase of level of formation of population must be priority not only for the state but also for business, as exactly private enterprises are the basic "consumers" of labour force, one of major quality signs of that is a level of education.

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Evaluación comparativa de productos, servicios y procesos en modalidad virtual que ofrecen las instituciones de educación superior en Colombia / Virtual Institutions in Colombia against an Analysis of Comparison of their Products, Services and Procedures

Revista Internacional de Tecnologías en la Educación ◽

10.37467/gka-revedutech.v2.963 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marcela Cardona

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Institutions Of Higher Education ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Redes Sociales ◽

Virtual Training ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Educación Virtual

ABSTRACTVirtual education in Colombia, has had a remarkable growth in recent years. The national government has promoted policies that expand coverage and train the population mainly in technical and technological fields that respond to the needs of the labor market. There are numerous reasons why people do not have access to higher education programs, including economic factors, lack of time to attend a regular classroom, located in remote regions of the country, among others. Through the Ministry of Education MEN and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) virtual education in Colombia has provided a constant evolution. This has allowed that in a harmonious connection between pedagogy and technology, exists the creation of appropriate areas in higher level education. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of products, services and procedures in virtual mode offered by institutions of higher education in Colombia at the undergraduate level. The process of analysis of the results focuses on three aspects: 1) Overview of virtual training programs 2) Services offered in virtual modality by institutions of higher education 3) Presence on the Internet and social networks to support effective communicationRESUMENLa educación virtual en Colombia, ha tenido un notable crecimiento en los últimos años. El gobierno nacional ha promovido políticas que permiten ampliar la cobertura y formar a la población principalmente en carreras técnicas y tecno-lógicas que den respuesta a las necesidades del mercado laboral. Son numerosas las razones por las cuales las personas no acceden a programas de formación superior, entre ellas factores de tipo económico, carencia de tiempos para asistir a un aula regular, ubicación en regiones apartadas del país entre otros.A través del Ministerio de Educación MEN y de las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación) la educación virtual en Colombia ha presentado una constante evolu-ción. Esto ha permitido que en un ejercicio armónico entre pedagogía y tecnología, se creen espacios propicios de forma-ción académica en nivel superior. Los diferentes entes gubernamentales vieron la necesidad de diferentes instituciones y personas de acceder a una educación de calidad que cumpliera con los parámetros establecidos de acuerdo a sus necesida-des y es así como a través de la educación virtual se lograr solventar esta necesidad y proporcionarle a los diferentes acto-res una herramienta útil que les suministre una educación a la altura que por derechos les corresponde. Es así como a través de diferentes entes gubernamentales se logra la cobertura de gran parte de la población para acceder a educación virtual a través del otorgamiento de subsidios para crear sitios especializados para el acceso a internet y programas especí-ficos. Este artículo presenta una evaluación comparativa de productos, servicios y procesos en modalidad virtual que ofre-cen las instituciones de educación superior en Colombia a nivel de pregrado. El proceso de análisis de los resultados se realiza presentando la evaluación desde tres aspectos: 1) Generalidades de los programas virtuales 2) Servicios ofrecidos por las instituciones de educación superior en modalidad virtual 3) Presencia en internet y redes sociales como apoyo a la comunicación efectiva. Contacto principal: [email protected]

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Trumpocalypse and the Historical Limits of Higher Education Policy: Making the Case for Study/Struggle

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

10.1177/10778004211014615 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780042110146

Author(s):

Leslie A. Williams ◽

Sandy Grande

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Higher Education Policy ◽

White Supremacy ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Racial Equity ◽

Marginalized Groups ◽

White Voters ◽

Liberal Reform ◽

Equity Policy ◽

A Site

This essay highlights the limits of liberal reform policies designed to increase access to higher education for minoritized and marginalized groups. First, we discuss Trump’s higher education agenda, focusing on his antipathy toward these populations and his commitment to White supremacy. We then focus on affirmative action in college admissions as an exemplar of a liberal racial equity policy, sketching its history, which illustrates its anemic effect, and White countermobilization against change that existed long before Trump. Next, we detail Trump’s efforts to eliminate this policy, which is part of the same populist, ethno-nationalist, anti-immigrant, anti-Black ideological campaign that has galvanized White voters across time. Ultimately, we argue that unbridled power won’t yield to liberal reforms. As such, we shift our focus to how higher education might be reimagined as a site of transformation, offering a series of provocations for a new horizon of racial equity in universities and society.

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La educación tecnológica de los Institutos Superiores en el desarrollo agropecuario de la Zona 4

Revista Científica Sinapsis ◽

10.37117/s.v2i9.92 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (9) ◽

Author(s):

María Alexandra Macías Intriago ◽

Doris Marlene Sancán Murillo ◽

Leicy Gaudelia Solórzano Palacios ◽

Enrique Javier Macías Arias

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Economic Development ◽

Research Work ◽

Added Value ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Technological Education ◽

Santo Domingo ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Public Data

Este trabajo investigativo establece la importancia del Instituto Tecnológico Superior Paulo Emilio Macías en el desarrollo productivo del área agrícola y pecuaria de la Zona 4 de Manabí y Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. El problema general se centra en un conjunto de causas como el escaso acceso a la educación superior, deficiente gestión económica, científica, industrial, social, ambiental y deficientes servicios ambientales que impiden el desarrollo económico. Los resultados obtenidos en la investigación permitió establecer los conocimientos que se requieren en el tecnólogo agropecuario para el cambio de la matriz productiva de la zona 4, se utilizó herramientas de investigación como: encuestas y análisis de datos públicos bibliográficos, entre otros, quedando así el encadenamiento productivo con dificultades que están relacionadas con el deficiente desarrollo de las capacidades tecnológicas y de gestión de los pequeños productores, limitados por el acceso a factores de producción. En conclusión se requiere que los centros de educación superior desarrollen un currículo apegado a la pertinencia de la carrera de producción agrícola y pecuaria para optimizar los recursos existentes en la zona El valor agregado es fundamental para el desarrollo productivo y económico de la zona el cual incluye la innovación en la tecnología sin dejar de lado la integración de los saberes ancestrales, interculturalidad, equidad de género y sobre todo el respeto al medio que le rodea. Palabras clave: Desarrollo, servicios ambientales, encadenamiento productivo, pertinencia, valor agregado, innovación, interculturalidad, equidad de género. Technological education at the Higher Institutes in the agricultural development in zone 4 Abstract This research work establishes the importance of the Technological Institute Superior Paulo Emilio Macias in the productive development of the agricultural and livestock area of Zone 4 of Manabí and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. The general problem centers on a set of causes such as poor access to higher education, poor economic management, scientific, industrial, social, environmental and poor environmental services that impede economic development. The results obtained in the investigation established the skills required in the agricultural technologist for change of the productive matrix of zone 4, research tools as used surveys and analysis of bibliographic public data, among others, being thus the productive linkages with difficulties are related to poor development of technological capabilities and management of small producers, limited by access to factors of production. In conclusion it requires higher education institutions to develop a curriculum attached to the relevance of the career of crop and livestock production to optimize existing resources in the area 4. The added value is critical for productive and economic development of the area including innovation in technology without neglecting the integration of ancestral knowledge, intercultural, gender equality and above all respect for the surrounding environment. Keywords: Development, envaronment services, chaining productive, pertinence, value to aggregate, innovation, interculturality, gender equalily.

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Análise multinível da transição estudantil do curso técnico para o ensino superior

Estudos em Avaliação Educacional ◽

10.18222/eae.v0ix.4095 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Paula Elizabeth Nogueira Sales ◽

Rosemary Dore Heijmans ◽

Carlos Eduardo Guerra Silva

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Vocational Education ◽

Multilevel Analysis ◽

School Context ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Transition To Higher Education ◽

La Red

Este artigo analisa fatores do estudante e do contexto escolar associados à transição da formação técnica de nível médio para o ensino superior. Um survey foi conduzido com 1.570 alunos que concluíram ou abandonaram cursos técnicos entre 2006 e 2010, abrangendo 37 instituições da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de um modelo estatístico hierárquico, que abrangeu três níveis: estudantes, cursos técnicos e instituições de educação profissional. Os resultados apontam que a transição para o ensino superior está associada a fatores dos estudantes (pessoais, socioeconômicos, profissionais e acadêmicos), dos cursos e das instituições técnicas (curso médio concluído na mesma instituição de educação profissional e localização da instituição). Os resultados contribuem para a reflexão sobre estratégias e políticas de melhoria da qualidade do ensino técnico e do acesso à educação superior. Análisis multinivel de la transición estudiantil del curso técnico a la educación superiorEste artículo analiza factores relativos al estudiante y al contexto escolar asociados a la transición de la formación técnica de nivel medio a la educación superior. Se realizó una encuesta con 1.570 alumnos que concluyeron o abandonaron cursos técnicos entre el 2006 y el 2010, abarcando a 37 instituciones de la Red Federal de Educación Profesional de Minas Gerais. Los datos se analizaron por medio de un modelo estadístico jerárquico, que comprendió tres niveles: estudiantes, cursos técnicos e instituciones de educación profesional. Los resultados señalan que la transición a la educación superior está asociada a factores que afectan a los estudiantes (personales, socioeconómicos, profesionales y académicos), a los cursos y a las instituciones técnicas (curso medio concluido en la misma institución de educación profesional y localización de la institución). Los resultados contribuyen para la reflexión sobre estrategias y políticas de mejora de la calidad de la enseñanza técnica y del acceso a la educación superior.Palabras clave: Transición Educacional • Educación Profesional • Educación Superior • Análisis Multinivel. A multilevel analysis of students’ transition from technical courses to higher educationThis article examines factors related to students and the school context associated with the transition from secondary technical schools to higher education. A survey was conducted with 1,570 students who completed or abandoned technical courses between 2006 and 2010, in 37 Federal Institutions of Vocational Education of Minas Gerais. Data were analyzed by means of a hierarchical statistical model comprising three levels: students, technical courses and vocational education institutions. The results show that the transition to higher education is linked to students’ personal, socioeconomic, professional and academic factors, as well as to courses and technical institutions (secondary school completed at the same institution of vocational education, and location of institution). The results contribute to the reflection on strategies and policies to improve the quality of technical education and access to higher education.Keywords: Educational Transition • Vocational Education • Higher Education • Multilevel Analysis.

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