scholarly journals “Community Aware” education policy: Enhancing individual and community vitality

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Casto ◽  
Brian McGrath ◽  
John W. Sipple ◽  
Liz Todd
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
New York State ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relational Context ◽  
Professional Goals ◽  
Full Service Schools ◽  
Human Need

This paper advances the theoretical and applied connection between education policy and community development. We call this community-aware education policy, and it is based on Dean’s (2012) conception of human need that is thick (i.e., accounts for a relational context), rather than relying solely on a thin conception (i.e., instrumental view with an individualistic focus). It is our contention that contemporary policy initiatives can be better designed and implemented so that individual and professional goals are attained while family and community well-being are enhanced. Using literature from the field of community development highlighting social support concepts, we “thicken” the concept of social policy to arrive at our theory of community-aware education policy. This theory is then applied to two cases in different national policy contexts: universal pre-kindergarten in New York State (US) and full-service schools in England (UK). Ultimately, we argue for a thick approach to need that results in the provision of a range of services and activities to serve children in schools better, and also the communities in which they reside.

“There Was No ‘That’s Not My Job’”: New York Area Agencies on Aging Approaches to Supporting Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482199102
Author(s):  
Claire Pendergrast
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Priority Needs

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted many older adults’ traditional sources of formal and informal supports, increasing demand for Area Agency on Aging services (AAAs). This study examines strategies used by AAAs to support older adults’ health and well-being during COVID-19 and identifies contextual influences on AAA pandemic response activities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of 20 AAAs in New York State. A combined inductive and deductive approach was used to code and thematically analyze the data. AAAs rapidly expanded capacity and dramatically modified program offerings, communications activities, and service delivery protocols to address emergent needs and minimize COVID-19 exposure risk for clients. AAAs’ trusted relationships with older adults and community partners improved their capacity to identify priority needs and coordinate appropriate supports. Policymakers should ensure that AAAs receive sustained financial and technical support to ensure critical community-based services are available for older adults throughout pandemic response and recovery.

scholarly journals Dynamics and future of SARS-CoV-2 in the human host

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gillman ◽  
Nuno Crokidakis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New York State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Human Host ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Mental Well Being

Forecasting trends in COVID-19 infections is vital for the global economy, national governments and physical and mental well-being. Using the per capita number of new cases as a proxy for the abundance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the number of deaths as a measure of virulence, the dynamics of the pandemic and the outcomes emerging from it are examined for three locations (England, Italy and New York State). The data are analysed with a new version of a population dynamics model that combines exponential/logistic growth with time-varying carrying capacity, allowing predictions of persistence or extinction of the virus. In agreement with coevolutionary theory, the model suggests a transition from exponential virus growth to low abundance, coupled with reduced virulence, during colonisation of the alternate human host. The structure of the model allows a straightforward assessment of key parameters, which can be contrasted with standard epidemiological models and interpreted with respect to ecological and evolutionary processes and isolation policies.

scholarly journals Coping Through COVID-19: A Mixed Method Approach to Understand How Palliative Care Teams Managed the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912110456
Author(s):  
Kayla D. Finuf ◽  
Santiago Lopez ◽  
Maria T. Carney
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
New York State ◽  
Supervisor Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Palliative Care Teams

Objective: While previous work documented a substantial increase in patient mortality consultations and workload for palliative teams, little is known about how these team members managed their mental and physical health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated how job resources (coworker and supervisor support) and personal resources (coping strategies) reduced perceptions of burnout and increased perceptions of well-being. Method: An anonymous electronic survey was sent to all members ( N = 64) of the palliative medical team among 14 hospitals of a New York State health system. Data were collected between September 2020 to October 2020. Measures included validated scales for burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory), coping strategies (Cybernetic Coping Scale), subjective well-being (BBC Subjective Well-being scale), and coworker/supervisor support (7 items from Yang et al). Results: Results indicated devaluation coping tactics were used to reduce perceptions of burnout and to increase perceptions of physical health. Higher burnout was identified when using avoidance coping techniques. Furthermore, coworkers and supervisor(s) support significantly reduced disengagement when compared to coworker support alone. Conclusion: COVID-19 exacerbated burnout experienced by palliative care teams, yet the use of coping behaviors (devaluation/avoidance) and external resources (coworker and supervisor support) utilized by these teams were found to have positive effects. Further research should investigate these antagonizing factors to help preventing and addressing burn out during times of crises and in the everyday of palliative care teams.

scholarly journals Local measures enable COVID-19 containment with fewer restrictions due to cooperative effects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Bittihn ◽  
Lukas Hupe ◽  
Jonas Isensee ◽  
Ramin Golestanian
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Cooperative Effects ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Near Future

Many countries worldwide that were successful in containing the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic are faced with the seemingly impossible choice between the resurgence of infections and endangering the economic and mental well-being of their citizens. While blanket measures are slowly being lifted and infection numbers are monitored, a systematic strategy for balancing contact restrictions and the freedom necessary for a functioning society long-term in the absence of a vaccine is currently lacking. Here, we propose a regional strategy with locally triggered containment measures that can largely circumvent this trade-off and substantially lower the magnitude of restrictions the average individual will have to endure in the near future. For the simulation of future disease dynamics and its control, we use current data on the spread of COVID-19 in Germany, Italy, England, New York State and Florida, taking into account the regional structure of each country and their past lockdown efficiency. Overall, our analysis shows that tight regional control in the short term can lead to long-term net benefits due to small-number effects which are amplified by the regional subdivision and crucially depend on the rate of cross-regional contacts. We outline the mechanisms and parameters responsible for these benefits and suggest possible was to gain access to them, simultaneously achieving more freedom for the population and successfully containing the epidemic. Our open-source simulation code is freely available and can be readily adapted to other countries. We hope that our analysis will help create sustainable, theory-driven long-term strategies for the management of the COVID-19 epidemic until therapy or immunization options are available.

Perceived Social Ties and Mental Health Among Formerly Incarcerated Men in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1843-1860
Author(s):  
Pamela Valera ◽  
Javier F. Boyas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
New York ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
New York State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Incarcerated Men

The incarcerated population has been substantially burdened by syndemic productions involving mental health illness and substance abuse problems. The present analysis describes the mental health symptoms of a nonprobability sample of 225 formerly incarcerated men and establishes the types of perceived support they received during incarceration as predictors of their psychological well-being upon release. The men were between 35 and 67 years of age; the mean age was 47.27 ( SD = 6.64), and Blacks and Latinos were about equally represented. Most respondents did not finish high school, were unemployed, convicted of a nonviolent crime, and were housed in a New York state prisons. The majority were also single (never married) and had children. The findings indicate that greater social, community, and spiritual support were correlated with lower mental health scores. The strongest predictor was perceived social support. Access and use of social resources, including social support, are important factors in influencing the psychological functioning among formerly incarcerated men.

Law Enforcement Politics and Drug Abuse

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving Weisman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
New York State ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Drug Laws ◽  
York State ◽  
Actual Impact ◽  
Political Response

The officially announced goals of the 1973 New York State Drug Laws are noted and the nature of these laws is described. Anticipated results of enforcement and actual impact of these laws are compared against a background of related trends in drug abuse control. This assessment suggests that these laws were a political response, consistent with some public fears and attitudes but in opposition to trends in legal and socio-medical thinking and national policy. Some alternatives are considered.

scholarly journals A Deep Gravity model for mobility flows generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Simini ◽  
Gianni Barlacchi ◽  
Massimilano Luca ◽  
Luca Pappalardo
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
New York ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
New York State ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Geographic Data

AbstractThe movements of individuals within and among cities influence critical aspects of our society, such as well-being, the spreading of epidemics, and the quality of the environment. When information about mobility flows is not available for a particular region of interest, we must rely on mathematical models to generate them. In this work, we propose Deep Gravity, an effective model to generate flow probabilities that exploits many features (e.g., land use, road network, transport, food, health facilities) extracted from voluntary geographic data, and uses deep neural networks to discover non-linear relationships between those features and mobility flows. Our experiments, conducted on mobility flows in England, Italy, and New York State, show that Deep Gravity achieves a significant increase in performance, especially in densely populated regions of interest, with respect to the classic gravity model and models that do not use deep neural networks or geographic data. Deep Gravity has good generalization capability, generating realistic flows also for geographic areas for which there is no data availability for training. Finally, we show how flows generated by Deep Gravity may be explained in terms of the geographic features and highlight crucial differences among the three considered countries interpreting the model’s prediction with explainable AI techniques.

Agroforestry Research and Extension Needs For Northeastern North America

1991 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lassoie ◽  
W. S. Teel ◽  
K. M. Davies Jr.
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New York State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
New Research ◽  
Economic Well Being

Most farms in the Northeast include wooded areas that exist either as woodlots, plantations, or fence rows. However, the degree to which these areas support a particular farm is highly variable — some being largely ignored, others contributing significantly to the farm's economic well-being. The current economic plight and ecological problems facing the agricultural sector across North America are forcing many farmers to look for alternatives to traditional farming and forestry practices. One possibility is the greater integration of trees directly into the farming system through the adoption of various agroforestry principles and practices. Promoting the adoption of agroforestry by farmers in the Northeast, however, will require developing new research data bases and modifying current extension delivery systems. Suggestions for accomplishing both are provided in this paper based on an assessment of the potential for agroforestry in New York State. Key words: Agroforestry, tree crops, nut trees, technology transfer, Cooperative Extension, marginal lands

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