scholarly journals New apportionment methods and their quota property

JSIAM Letters ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (0) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Ichimori
Keyword(s):  
Apportionment Methods

Seat biases of apportionment methods for proportional representation

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Schuster ◽  
Friedrich Pukelsheim ◽  
Mathias Drton ◽  
Norman R. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Apportionment Methods

scholarly journals An evaluation of source apportionment of fine OC and PM2.5 by multiple methods: APHH-Beijing campaigns as a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsha Xu ◽  
Deepchandra Srivastava ◽  
Xuefang Wu ◽  
Siqi Hou ◽  
Tuan V. Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Multiple Source ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Apportionment Methods

This paper reports an evaluation of multiple source apportionment methods for OC and PM2.5.

scholarly journals Are contributions of emissions to ozone a matter of scale? – a study using MECO(n) (MESSy v2.50)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Mertens ◽  
Astrid Kerkweg ◽  
Volker Grewe ◽  
Patrick Jöckel ◽  
Robert Sausen
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Model Resolution ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Apportionment Methods

Abstract. Anthropogenic and natural emissions influence the tropospheric ozone budget, thereby affecting air quality and climate. To study the influence of different emission sources on the ozone budget, often source apportionment studies with a tagged tracer approach are performed. Studies investigating air quality issues usually rely on regional models with a fine spatial resolution, while studies focusing on climate-related questions often use coarsely resolved global models. It is well known that simulated ozone mixing ratios depend on the resolution of the model and the resolution of the emission inventory. Whether the contributions simulated using source apportionment approaches also depend on the model resolution, however, is still unclear. Therefore, this study attempts for the first time to analyse the impact of the model, the model resolution, and the emission inventory resolution on simulated ozone contributions using a diagnostic tagging method. The differences in the ozone contributions caused by these factors are compared with differences that arise from the usage of different emission inventories. To do so, we apply the MECO(n) (MESSy-fied ECHAM and COSMO models nested n times) model system which couples online a global chemistry-climate model with a regional chemistry-climate model equipped with a tagging scheme for source apportionment. The results of the global model (at 300 km horizontal resolution) are compared with the results of the regional model at 50 km (Europe) and 12 km (Germany) resolutions. Besides model-specific differences and biases that are discussed in detail, our results have important implications for other modelling studies and modellers applying source apportionment methods. First, contributions from anthropogenic emissions averaged over the continental scale are quite robust with respect to the model, model resolution, and emission inventory resolution. Second, differences on the regional scale caused by different models and model resolutions can be quite large, and regional models are indispensable for source apportionment studies on the subcontinental scale. Third, contributions from stratospheric ozone transported to the surface differ strongly between the models, mainly caused by differences in the efficiency of the vertical mixing. As stratospheric ozone plays an important role for ground level ozone, but the models show large differences in the amount of downward transported ozone, source apportionment methods should account for this source explicitly to better understand inter-model differences.

NEW APPORTIONMENT METHODS USING SIMPLE GAMES

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
EVAN SHELLSHEAR
Keyword(s):  
Simple Game ◽  
Simple Games ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Apportionment Methods

This paper investigates the suitability of new apportionment methods based on the idea of preserving the coalition function of the simple game generated by the populations of the states of some country. The new methods fill a gap in the literature concerning apportionment methods based on winning coalitions. The main results in this paper show that the new apportionment methods do not satisfy desirable properties such as house monotonicity, quota, etc.

scholarly journals Multiwinner approval rules as apportionment methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Brill ◽  
Jean-François Laslier ◽  
Piotr Skowron
Keyword(s):  
Actual Practice ◽  
Approval Voting ◽  
Apportionment Methods

We establish a link between multiwinner elections and apportionment problems by showing how approval-based multiwinner election rules can be interpreted as methods of apportionment. We consider several multiwinner rules and observe that some, but not all, of them induce apportionment methods that are well-established in the literature and in the actual practice of representation, be it proportional or non-proportional. For instance, we show that proportional approval voting induces the D’Hondt method and that Monroe’s rule induces the largest remainder method. Our approach also yields apportionment methods implementing degressive proportionality. Furthermore, we consider properties of apportionment methods and exhibit multiwinner rules that induce apportionment methods satisfying these properties.

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