scholarly journals Reflections on Sustaining Morale and Combat Motivation in Soldiers

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Nidhi Maheshwari ◽  
Rachana Sharma ◽  
V. Vineeth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Mind State ◽  
Combat Motivation

Military morale and motivation formulate the signature strength of a fighting force. However, sustenance of these faculties is a bigger challenge than generating them. The exponential development in the neo-cortex and emerging social structure has made human beings hardcore individualistic. The sense of ‘self’ has become much stronger than the sense of the whole. This results in the recurrent violation of collective identity, as evidenced by the rise in numbers of misconduct behaviors, mutinies, estranged leader-led relations, desertion, fragging, and suicides. Utilizing the lessons from various ecological systems and derived scientific principles, the present paper takes note of significant researches in the area to arrive at a reflective model of Morale and Combat Motivation in soldiers. Firstly, it attempts to understand ‘why and why not the soldiers shall fight’ and subsequently give suggestive guidelines to ‘how they will continue to fight’ with particular reference to the Indian military setup. The model can be utilised by military leaders and policymakers alike who are entrusted with the herculean task of upkeeping battle-mind state of soldiers in military organisations.

scholarly journals Fashion, Dressing, and Identities in Ballroom Subculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Zoi Arvanitidou
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Sexual Expression ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Gender Expression ◽  
Fashion Models ◽  
And Gender

The Ballroom scene is an underground subculture created by African Americans and Latinos and gives emphasize in issues of race, gender, and sexual orientation within the heterogeneous society. The members of this subculture live in an organized social structure based on the acceptance and the celebration of sexual and gender expression. Balls are competitions where transgender people are involved, performing different kinds of dances. Balls provide to the queer community a cozy place to build their sense of self in their hidden world without the limitations imposed by society on gender and sexual expression. Balls are a combination of fashion, competition, and dance. “Voguing” is the characteristic dance of Balls and it is an extremely stylized dance form. Vogue magazine’s model poses to inspire it, and it uses the arms and legs with dramatic, rapid and feminine edgy ways. “Voguing” includes catwalk, dance, spins and other risky styles of movement. The “Voguing” has the major role in Ballrooms that contain fashion catwalk and competitions, where African and Latinos gays and transgender participate in a competition, imitating fashion models in the catwalk with gestures and poses to win an award. The panel of the critics, in a Ball, judges them from the movements of their dance, attitudes, costumes and the ingenuity in all of these areas. Today there are three basic types of Voguing: a) the Old Way, b) The New Way and, c) The Vogue Femme.

scholarly journals Being Native American in business: Culture, identity, and authentic leadership in modern American Indian enterprises

Leadership ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stewart ◽  
Amy Klemm Verbos ◽  
Carolyn Birmingham ◽  
Stephanie L Black ◽  
Joseph Scott Gladstone
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
American Business ◽  
Tribal Culture

Tribally owned American Indian enterprises provide a unique cross-cultural setting for emerging Native American business leaders. This article examines the manner in which American Indian leaders negotiate the boundaries between their indigenous organizations and the nonindigenous communities in which they do business. Through a series of qualitative interviews, we find that American Indian business leaders fall back on a strong sense of “self,” which allows them to maintain effective leadership across boundaries. This is highly consistent with theories of authentic leadership. Furthermore, we find that leaders define self through their collective identity, which is heavily influenced by tribal affiliation and tribal culture. We add to the literature on authentic leadership by showing the role that culture and collective identity have in creating leader authenticity within the indigenous community.

scholarly journals The discursive cultural representations of Gentiles: A contextual approach using migration theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorodzai Dube
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Self Identity

How are social boundaries created and how are they maintained? To an extent, the way people look, dress and talk demarcates cultural markers that distinguish them from others − hence, giving them a sense of self-categorisation and self-identity. However, with time such collective identity might need readjustment when people from another culture become insiders and neighbours within the perceived social boundaries. Regarding this, James Dunn noted that a challenge of social cohesion between the Jews and the Gentiles existed during the 1st century, necessitated by the conversion of Gentiles to Christianity. In response, to keep their exclusive collective identity, the Jews demanded that the Gentiles observe Jewish law. This article develops Dunn’s view that the observance of Jewish law provided implicit social exclusion strategies towards the Gentiles. However, Dunn did not elaborate further concerning the strategies upon which Gentiles were excluded. As contribution to fill that void, this article drew on strategies of inclusion and exclusion from the analogy of migration in South Africa and elsewhere.Hoe word sosiale en kulturele grense geskep en onderhou? Tot ’n mate bewerkstellig die manier waarop mense uiterlik voorkom, aantrek en praat kulturele kenmerke wat sekere groepe van ander onderskei, en verleen so aan hulle ’n bepaalde identiteit en klassifisering. So ’n gemeenskaplike identiteit moet mettertyd aangepas word as mense van ander kulture met ander gebruike deel word van die binnekring. In hierdie verband merk James Dunn op dat, in die eerste eeu na Christus, die Jode en heidene aangespoor is tot ’n samehorigheidsgevoel wat deurdie bekering van heidene tot die Christendom genoodsaak is. In reaksie hierop het die Jode aanvanklik verwag dat die heidene die Joodse wet moes nakom. Hierdie artikel bou op Dunn se siening, naamlik dat die onderhouding van die Joodse wet sosiale strategieë ontwikkel het wat die heidene onvoorwaardelik uitgesluit het. Dunn brei egter nie verder oor die sogenaamde strategieë uit nie. In hierdie artikel word gepoog om hierdie leemte aan te vul deur middel van ’n vergelyking met kontemporêre migrasie in Suid-Afrika en die strategieë van insluiting en uitsluiting wat bespeur word in sulke kontekste, te verdiskonteer.

Group Processes Within Gangs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Lauger
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Gang Member ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Gang Members

Street gangs are, by definition, social groups that contain patterns of interactions between gang members, associates, and other gangs in their social environment. The structure and content of these interaction patterns, or group processes, are essential for both understanding gang life and explaining collective and individual behavior. For example, variations in organizational sophistication, internal cohesion, and individual-level social integration influence the day-to-day experiences of gang members and can affect criminal behavior. Social ties between gang members are also mediums for street socialization and the development and/or transmission of gang culture. As prospective gang members age and become exposed to street life, they gravitate to peers and collectively learn about how to negotiate their social environment. They connect to other gang members and model the gang’s ideals to become accepted by the group. Routine interactions in the gang communicate the nuances of gang culture and explain the group’s expectations for violent behavior. These lessons are reinforced when conflicts with other groups arise and contentious interactions escalate into serious threats or actual violence. Cultural meanings developed in the gang can alter how a member perceives social situations, various social roles (e.g., gender roles), and his or her sense of self. Interactions within the gang develop the gang’s collective identity, which becomes an ideal standard for members to pursue. Gang members perform this idealized notion of “gang member” in public settings, often acting as if they are capable of extreme violence. For some members these performances may be fleeting and largely disconnected from the ideals to which they truly aspire, while others may fully embrace the ideals of the gang. Such variation is contingent on social processes within the gang and how socially integrated an individual is to other members. Researching social processes within gangs provides a wealth of information about how life in the gang influences gang member behavior.

Baptism “Into Christ Jesus” and the Question of Universalism in Paul

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
J. Ross Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Body Of Christ ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
Universal Salvation ◽  
The One

AbstractThis essay adopts Paul’s occasional theological reflections on the concrete social practice of baptism as a vantage point from which to investigate the question of universalism in the apostle’s thought, examining passages from 1 Corinthians, Galatians, Romans, and Colossians. In these texts, Paul variously conceptualizes salvation as incorporation into “the one body of Christ”; “the seed of Abraham”; “the children of God”; or “the new humanity,” whose representative is Christ, the last Adam. Despite the different metaphors, it is clear in each case that it is the singular identity of the man Jesus Christ that is determinative for the collective identity of redeemed humanity; it is precisely—and only—with respect to union with him that diverse human beings become “one.” The essay concludes by considering briefly the implications of Paul’s christologically determined anthropology for the question of universal salvation and for the idea of the enduring election of Israel as God’s peculiar possession.

The rise and fall of Homo sapiens sapiens

1989 ◽  
Vol 325 (1228) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Present Rate

Human beings have broken the ecological ‘law’ that says that big, predatory animals are rare. Two crucial innovations in particular have enabled us to alter the planet to suit ourselves and thus permit unparalleled expansion: speech (which implies instant transmission of an open-ended range of conscious thoughts) and agriculture (which causes the world to produce more human food than unaided nature would do). However, natural selection has not equipped us with a long-term sense of self-preservation. Our population cannot continue to expand at its present rate for much longer, and the examples of many other species suggests that expansion can end in catastrophic collapse. Survival beyond the next century in a tolerable state seems most unlikely unless all religions and economies begin to take account of the facts of biology. This, if it occurred, would be a step in cultural evolution that would compare in import with the birth of agriculture.

scholarly journals Palliative Care in Turkish Medical History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alparslan Koç
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Medicine Today ◽  
The Moment

From the moment that human beings begin perceiving the value of life, they have also started to strive for the continuation of life. It would not be wrong to divide Turkish societies into three parts as sociological history. Turkish social life before Islam, the differences in the social structure with Islam, and Europe's social structure with the westernization influx with the end of the 19th century can be examined. Health system and patient care was also greatly affected by these processes. Health care, which was carried on with Shamanism and Herbalism in the old Turkish states and continued with bimarhanes and darüssifas, and health professionals have been mobilized to serve the society with the opportunities of modern medicine today. Acute and chronic diseases that occur with the continuation of life make it difficult to lead a quality life. This process can sometimes be painful. Palliative care is also useful in chronic diseases whose mortality has decreased with successful treatment methods recently applied, but which impairs the quality of life due to the disease. Thus, this process, which puts the patient's relatives psychologically, socially, and financially difficult, and the patient, can be managed more easily. Although it started with reducing and caring for cancer patients' pain, palliative care has now become a necessity in all areas of clinical practice. Our aim in this review is to examine the development process of the concept of palliative care in Turkish medical history.

scholarly journals Development of Economical Environmental of Protection Mechanism

Ekonomika ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandras Vytautas Rutkauskas
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
Pollution Damage

Economic and ecological systems are physically connected through the materials and energy metabolism: raw materials, energy resources from the ecosystem get into the economic system and then from this system go back to the ecosystem as produced goods, heat, waste and pollutant emissions. This is due to the physical law of matter conservation: the same amount of materials being used as raw materials come back in the form of production and waste. However the economic system depends not only on the natural resources, considering as raw materials for production and consumption, but on the services provided by ecosystems. too. So, it is necessary to determine and evaluate not only the role of the ecological system as the main source of inputs into the production of goods, but also to treat it as the source of neverending services enabling protection the in area of human beings and to ensure development of the ecosystem itself. No efficient use of resources may have catastrophical consequences for the future of countries in transition to market economy, including Lithuania.The main purpose of this study is to project fiscal flows (of course these flows have a contrary direction of movement) adequate to the materials flow between ecological and economic systems and to create mechanism able to ensure creation of appropriate fiscal flows and they purposeful movement. This is the basic feature of equivalent interaction between the economic and ecological systems and the main precondition of ecologically and economically sustainable development.The category economical pollution damage is used like the main instrument for disclosure of interaction between economy and ecological systems. The conception o economical environmental protection mechanism is based on the system of interests of ecological resources users to minimize their individual ecological cost and interests of ecological damage recipients - to receive an adequate compensation. The practical calculations of economical pollution damage carried out on the Lithuanian data re presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Education for Citizenship and Identities

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Antoni Santisteban Fernández ◽  
Neus González-Monfort
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Community Relationships

Individual identity is defined by unique traits and is constructed from the diversity of human beings and, at the same time, in relationships with other people. This gives rise to a plurality of ways of thinking and perceiving the world. The collective identity is constructed through the discourse or the story that is shared in the community, relationships, or in socialization spaces, among others, in the school, through the discourse of the teaching staff or the school texts. Otherness acts as a mirror where we look at ourselves to recognize ourselves. Otherness is the acceptance that there are different views when we interpret the world, different ways of thinking or ideologies, but it also shows that we human beings have much in common. Education for citizenship should aim to enable people to define their diverse identities in an education for freedom, equality, and participation. Education for citizenship must ask what identities are invisible and why, and demand the social change.

scholarly journals Michel Henry: Sense of self and hallucination

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Florinda MARTINS ◽  
Andrés Eduardo Aguirre ANTÚNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Michel Henry ◽  
Therapeutic Needs

Abstract In this paper we develop the thesis of the possibility of understanding human beings, starting from the phenomenality of their therapeutic needs. We bring the phenomenality of hallucination to the center of the debate. We show how, in Michel Henry, the phenomenality of sight, touch and anguish is, in all, comparable to the phenomenality of hallucination. From the starting point of this phenomenality we will understand human actions and thus, the essence of clinical practice.

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