scholarly journals Comparative Allelopathic Effects of Two Weed Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and Abelmoschus esculentus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Sanchita Bhattacharya ◽  
Shibani Namasudra ◽  
Sanjit Debnath ◽  
Ajay Krishna Saha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Pot Culture

Pot culture experiment and Petri dish bioassay were conducted to assess the allelopathic potential of Cyanthillium cinereum and Lantana camara on seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna unguiculata and Abelmoschus esculentus. Aqueous leaf and stem extracts of weed were used for treatment. The differential inhibitory effect was observed for two weed plants on two tested crops. The experimental results revealed that in case of pot culture experiment, lowest germination percentages (40.8±0.49%, 63.6±0.60% and 83±0.78%) were recorded in L. camara leaf extract treated set of A. esculentus and maximum decrease in seedling length (0.31±0.05 cm, 4.18±0.07 cm, 6.42±0.08 cm and 13.51±0.07 cm) was observed in stem extract treated a set of A. esculentus. L. camara stem and leaf extract induced a more negative effect on seedling length in both A. esculentus and V. unguiculata. For petridish bioassay experiment, lowest germination percentages (54.60±0.40%, 59.20±0.49%, 66.20±0.74% and 69.80±0.38%) were observed in L. camara leaf extract treated a set of A. esculentus. In V. unguiculata, lowest germination percentage (45.8±0.49%, 75.4±0. 40%, 84.4±0.25% and 89±0.32%) was observed in stem extract treated set. Maximum suppressive effect on seedling length was recorded for stem and leaf extract of C. cinereum of A. esculentus and leaf extract of L. camara and stem extract of C. cinereum of V. unguiculata.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Interference of Ageratum conyzoides L. against Rice Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Bhawna Negi ◽  
S.S Bargali ◽  
Kiran Bargali ◽  
Kavita Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Length

Ageratum conyzoides L. is an invasive weed that has severely infested cultivated lands and interferes with the growth of crops. In this study aqueous extracts of 50 and 100% concentration were prepared from fresh and air dried plant parts (Leaves and roots) of A. conyzoides and their allelopathic effect was observed on seed germination and seedling growth of two rice varieties namely Sava and Geru. In Sava variety, a significant reduction in seed germination, seedling length and dry weight was recorded under dry leaf extract while under fresh leaf extract seed germination and seedling length was increased at 50% concentration as compared to control. In Geru variety both fresh and dry leaf extracts resulted in decreased seed germination and seedling growth with increasing concentration. Similar patterns were recorded for fresh and dry root extracts. The inhibitory effect of leaf extracts was more pronounced than root extract and overall dry aqueous extracts of leaf and root were more inhibitory than fresh aqueous extracts. Among varieties, Sava was least affected as compared to the Geru. This study indicated that A. conyzoides exert allelopathic effect towards rice crop by releasing water soluble phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Echinochloa colona L. and Cyperus iria L. Weed Extracts on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice and Soyabean

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Chopra ◽  
Geeta Tewari ◽  
Lalit M. Tewari ◽  
Brij Upreti ◽  
Naveen Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Early Seedling

The present study was undertaken to assess the allelopathic effect of Echinochloa colona L. and Cyperus iria L. in relation to the germination and primary growth of Oryza sativa L. (rice) and Glycine max L. (soyabean). Effects of dichloromethane (DCM) and double distilled water soluble (DDW) fractions of E. colona L. and C. iria L. root and aerial part extracts reduced germination and suppressed early seedling growth of rice and soyabean. With increase in extract concentration from 1 to 100 mg/mL, a gradual decrease in seed germination and seedling length occurred. The highest growth of G. max seedling was recorded in DDW fraction of E. colona aerial part extract at 1 mg/mL concentration with 94% germination and the lowest length was found in DCM fraction of C. iria root extract at 100 mg/mL concentration with 65% germination. In O. sativa, the highest length was noted at 1 mg/mL concentration in DDW fraction of E. colona aerial part extract with 82% germination and the lowest length was found in DCM fraction of C. iria and E. colona root extracts with germination 57% and 62%, respectively, at 100 mg/mL concentration. The results suggested that these weeds had good allelopathic potential which reduces germination and plant growth.

scholarly journals Allelopathic activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra as a potential bioherbicide to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of Eleusine indica

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfan Alharits ◽  
Niarsi Merry Hemelda ◽  
Yasman ◽  
Windri Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract. Alharits L, Hemelda NM, Yasman, Handayani W. 2020. Allelopathic activity of Dendrophthoe pentandra as a potential bioherbicide to inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of Eleusine indica. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 33-39. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. is a common parasitic plant in Southeast Asia. As a parasitic plant, it exhibits phytochemicals important for infecting its host, which may be potential as bioherbicide. This study was aimed to evaluate allelopathic activity of D. pentandra (stem and leaf extracts) to control Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. seed germination and growth. Methanolic extracts of D. pentandra stem and leaf (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/mL in water) were treated on E. indica seeds in a petri dish for 10 days. After 10 days, germination of treated E. indica seeds was significantly reduced and reached >80% inhibition at 5 mg/mL. Moreover, E. indica roots were more sensitive compared to E. indica shoots, indicated by root inhibition >50% at 1 mg/mL and reached >90% inhibition at 5 mg/mL. Leaf extract presented stronger inhibition than stem extract, but not significant. It may be related to the higher accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in leaf extract than in stem extract. This is the first report of allelopathic activity in D. pentandra to inhibit E. indica germination and growth. Therefore, further study in a greenhouse, as well as metabolism effects of D. pentandra on the target weeds are important to provide comprehensive evaluation of D. pentandra potential as bioherbicide.

IMPACT OF FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF VIGNA RADIATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUPRIYA DIXIT ◽  
R. K. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Seedling Length

Currently, a real challenge for the workers in the agricultural research field is to stop or reduce the use of expensive agrochemicals/ chemical fertilizers which are hazardous to the environment as well as human health. Present study was aimed to improve the growth and obtain optimum yield of Vigna crop with eco-friendly, non-toxic way and to reduce the use of agrochemical/chemical fertilizer application in agricultural activities. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of chemical fertilizer (DAP) and biofertilizer ( Rhizobium strain) separately and in combination on seed germination and seedling growth (at 30 days) based on morphological parameters such as seedling length (cm), fresh weight (g), dry weight (g) and leaf area (cm)2 of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek. After one month (30 Days) observations, it was found that seedling length, fresh and dry weights and leaf area were maximum in T4 and minimum in T15, T7 and T8 favored improved seedling length and leaf area whereas T7, T8, and T9 favored improved fresh and dry weights as compared to control.

Allelopathic Potency and an Active Substance from Hairy Vetch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Sun ◽  
Guofeng Yang ◽  
Lili Cong ◽  
Juan Sun ◽  
Lichao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Background: Plant allelopathy refers to the release of chemicals from plants or microorganisms into the environment, may have direct or indirect, beneficial or harmful effects on other plants or microorganisms. When plants grow in an unfavorable environment,more allelochemicals will be secreted and the expression of allelopathic effects will increase, giving plants a certain competitive advantage. Hairy vetch is one of the most promising allelopathic crops and the aqueous extract of hairy vetch has an inhibitory effect on the root length and seedling height of grass crops. The current study aimed to study the allelopathic effect of hairy vetch on alfalfa, and exploring an ecological method to remove the root system of alfalfa.Methods: In this experiment, the allelopathic effects of the seeds, stems and leaves, roots extracts and root exudates (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg·mL-1) on the seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa were evaluated. And the main allelopathic substances from the stem and leaf extract were isolated and identified using high performance liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).Result: The results showed that all of the extracts can inhibit alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth and stem and leaf extract had the strongest inhibitory effect, especially for inhibiting the root growth. A main allelochemical substance, o-coumaric acid, was screened out and the root length of alfalfa was completely inhibited at 1.6 mg·mL-1 of o-coumaric acid. The findings of these experiments show hairy vetch has strong allelopathic effect on alfalfa and o-coumaric acid is a chemical growth inhibitor.

Allelopathic potential of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on Lake Huron sand dunes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong W. Yun ◽  
M. A. Maun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Artemisia Campestris

Greenhouse studies were conducted to test allelopathic effects of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on seed germination and seedling growth of several sand-dune species and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. The aqueous extracts of A. campestris showed no inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling elongation, or dry-weight growth of plants at lower concentrations (10 and 50%), but 100% concentration of the extracts caused varying degrees of inhibition depending on the test species. The mixing of dry leaves of seedlings of A. campestris to the sand showed severe inhibition of Elymus canadensis seedlings. The percent germination of test species in soil from the rhizosphere of A. campestris was significantly lower than that of the control. The leaf area and dry weight were also lower but the differences were not significant. The aqueous extract inhibited mycorrhizal fungal colonization in roots of three sand-dune grasses. Key words: allelopathy, Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata, seed germination, seedling growth, mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF Cyperus rotundus L. EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND COWPEA SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
João Alves Ferreira Pereira ◽  
Tatiana Maria da Silva ◽  
Andreza Raquel Barbosa de Farias ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

POTENCIAL ALELOPÁTICO DE EXTRATOS DE Cyperus rotundus L. NA GERMINAÇÃO E ESTABELECIMENTO DE PLÂNTULAS DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI Este trabalho investigou os efeitos alelopáticos de extratos de Cyperus rotundus L. na germinação de sementes e crescimento inicial das plântulas de Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Extratos alcoólicos nas concentrações 0; 1,5%; 3,0%; 4,5%; 6,0%; 7,5% e 9,0%, obtidos a partir da trituração de folhas de C. rotundus L. foram utilizados para umedecimento das folhas de papel toalha “germitest”. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo F e as médias comparadas pelos testes de Tukey e Kruscal-Wallis, ambos a 5% de probabilidade. A primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de raiz, comprimento da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz do feijão-caupi foram analisados de forma paramétrica, sendo constatado que apenas houve significância na variável primeira contagem e uma redução na germinação em relação ao tratamento controle em torno de 10%. Nas condições em que essa pesquisa foi realizada, os extratos alcoólicos de C. rotundus L. não afetam a germinação de sementes e crescimento inicial das plântulas de feijão-caupi.Palavras-chave: tiririca, alelopatia, interferência, plantas daninhas. ABSTRACT:This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Cyperus rotundus L. extracts on seed germination and early development of seedlings of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Alcoholic extracts at concentrations of 0, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6.0%, 7.5%, and 9.0% were obtained by crushing C. rotundus L. leaves used to moisten the “germitest” paper sheets. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and also both Tukey and Kruscal-Wallis tests were carried out at 5% for the data means. The first germination count, germination speed index, root length, shoot length, and dry root weight of cowpea were parametrically analyzed. The only variable with significance was first germination count. The germination reducted in relation to the control treatment around 10%. Thus, in the conditions used in this research, alcoholic extracts of C. rotundus L. did not affect either seed germination or early growth of cowpea seedlings.Keywords: nut grass, allelopathy, interference, weeds. DOI:

Effect of heavy metal stress on emerging plants community constructions in wetland

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2459-2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Peng ◽  
Wu Geng ◽  
Wu Yong-quan ◽  
Li Mao-teng ◽  
Xiang Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Ecological Thresholds ◽  
Hongze Lake ◽  
Seedling Length

In this paper, we report the effects of heavy metals (HMs) (cadmium and mercury) on seed germination and seedling growth of Phragmites australis and Triarrhena sacchariflora, which are the two main typical emerging plants in Hongze Lake wetland. The results showed that there was a reduction in germination percentage, germination index and seedling length as HM concentration in the growing media increased for both treatments. The effect of HMs toxicity on seed germination and seedling growth of T. sacchariflora was more obvious than of P. australis. At the stage of seed germination, P. australis and T. sacchariflora were sensitive to Hg2 +  and Cd2 + , respectively, and Hg2 +  was more toxic than Cd2 +  at the stage of seedling growth. The effect of HMs toxicity is not invariable during plant growth. Compared to the stage of seedling growth, P. australis and T. sacchariflora are more susceptible to HMs at the stage of seed germination. In addition, we calculated the ecological thresholds of P. australis to Cd and Hg are 19.32 and 1.08 mg kg−1, and that of T. sacchariflora to Cd is 4.62 mg kg−1 based on the lab simulation. The results also indicated that the species of P. australis is more tolerant than T. sacchariflora to the HMs and is a better candidate for restoration in Hongze Lake wetland ecosystem.

scholarly journals Comparative allelopathic potential of metabolites of two Alternanthera species against germination and seedling growth of rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mehmood ◽  
A. Tanveer ◽  
M.A. Nadeem ◽  
Z.A. Zahir
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of plant parts of Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis and soil incorporated residues on germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa). Aqueous extracts prepared from different plant parts of Alternanthera species delayed rice germination. Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis inhibited rice germination by 9-100% and 4-49%, respectively. Germination of rice seeds was reduced with increasing concentration of aqueous leaf extracts of both weed species. Early seedling growth (root and shoot lengths) and seedling vigor index were significantly reduced by 5% aqueous leaf extract compared with distilled water treated control. Germination, root and shoot lengths, root and shoot dry weights and seedling vigor index of rice were drastically reduced by 3 and 4% in residue infested soil compared with residue free soil. The inhibitory effect of A. philoxeroides in terms of germination and seedling growth of rice was greater than that of A. sessilis. Five percent aqueous leaf extract and 4% residue infested soil of A. philoxeroides caused complete failure of rice seed germination. Alternanthera philoxeroides contained water soluble phenolics, namely 4 hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid (16.19 mg L-1) and m-coumaric acid (1.48 mg L-1), whereas Alternanthera sessilis was rich in chlorogenic acid (17.85 mg L-1), gallic acid (11.03 mg L-1) and vanillic acid (9.88 mg L-1). The study indicates that the allelopathic potential of Alternanthera species may play an important role in enhancing the invasiveness of these species and may suppress rice plants in the vicinity.

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