Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometry-based Assessment of Free Radicals Scavenging Potential of N-acetyl Tryptophan Glucoside

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Malhotra ◽  
Yana Karamalakova ◽  
Galina Nikolova ◽  
Darshana Singh ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Radiolysis ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Free Radicals Scavenging

<p>Gamma radiation generates free radicals in biological system by inducing cellular water radiolysis. If not neutralised, free radicals oxidise vital bio-macromolecules causing structural and functional impairment and contribute to cell death. In present study, free radical scavenging activities of a novel bacterial secondary metabolite, N-acetyl tryptophan glucoside (NATG) was assessed against gamma-radiation induced damage in vitro and in vivo models. Effect of irradiated NATG (UV and gamma radiation 8 Gy and 20 Gy) on its free radical (DPPH radicals) and SOD-like activity was evaluated using EPR spectrometry. To assess the effect of NATG irradiation on its antioxidant potential, EPR based ascorbate, PBN and NO radicals scavenging activities were evaluated in blood and spleen tissue of strain A male mice. Results of the study indicated significant (p &lt; 0.05) increase in DPPH radicals scavenging ability of irradiated NATG as compared to un-irradiated NATG. Similarly, irradiated NATG exhibited significant (p &lt; 0.05) elevation in SOD-like activity as compared to control. Subsequently, NATG treatment displayed enhanced antioxidant activity as evident by significant (p &lt; 0.05) decline in ascorbate, PBN and NO radicals at 1 h and 2h in blood and spleen tissues homogenate of treated mice as compared to control group. In conclusion, NATG possesses significant free radicals scavenging and radio protective capabilities against gamma radiation induced oxidative stress.</p>

Preventive efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon citratus against radiation-induced DNA damage on V79 cells and free radical scavenging ability against radicals generated in vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
BSS Rao ◽  
R Shanbhoge ◽  
BN Rao ◽  
SK Adiga ◽  
D Upadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
V79 Cells ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effect

This study presents the findings of free radical scavenging and antigenotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon citratus (CCE). The CCE at a concentration of 60 μg/mL resulted in a significant scavenging ability of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH; (85%), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS; 77%), hydroxyl (70%), superoxide (76%), nitric oxide (78%) free radicals generated using in vitro and also a moderate anti-lipid peroxidative effect (57%). Further, the radiation-induced antigenotoxic potential of CCE was assessed in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (V79) using micronucleus assay. The CCE resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the yield of radiation-induced micronuclei, with a maximum effect at 125 μg/mL CCE for 1 h before 2 Gy of radiation. Similarly, there was a significant ( P < 0.05–0.0001) decrease in percentage of micronuclei when V79 cells were treated with optimal dose of CCE (125 μg/mL) before exposure to different doses of gamma radiation, that is, 0.5–4 Gy, compared with radiation alone groups. The results of the micronucleus study indicated antigenotoxic effect demonstrating the radioprotective potential of CCE and, which may partly due to its and antioxidant capacity as it presented its ability to scavenge various free radicals in vitro and anti-lipid peroxidative potential.

Abstract 173: A Novel Dual Function Molecule for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun-Hsun Kuo ◽  
Hsiao-Yu Peng ◽  
Ru-Huei Fu ◽  
Sheng-Wen Yeh ◽  
Wendy Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
In Vivo Models

Rapid restoration of blood flow to ischemic brain is essential to prevent irreversible tissue injury and minimize neuronal function impairment after acute ischemic stroke. However, intracerebral hemorrhage, reperfusion injury and the oxidative stress provoked by returned blood supply remain the major concerns for the use of effective thrombolytic agent; such as, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). DC009 is a novel small molecule designed to have both thrombolytic and free radical scavenging activities, which were characterized in various in vitro and in vivo models. The thrombolytic effect of DC009 was demonstrated in vitro using whole blood clot lysis assay and euglobulin clot lysis assay. In comparison to rt-PA (1mg/ml), DC009 (11.11 mg/ml) exerts comparable (p value = 0.40) in vitro thrombolytic activity to rt-PA. Further investigation showed that DC009 induced endogenous t-PA protein secretion from endothelial vesicles, and it enhanced endothelial t-PA mRNA expression through cAMP pathway. Ability of DC009 in ABTS radical cation scavenging (2, 2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) was measured and found to be dose dependent with an EC50 of 49 μM. Using a focal cerebral ischemia induced by arterial thrombosis model in aged mice (12-15 months old), DC009 showed a steady thrombolytic action and superior safety profile compared to vessel recanalization induced by rt-PA. We further investigated DC009’s effect on normal hemostasis and maximal tolerable dose (MTD) level in rodents in order to assess its therapeutic potential. At their comparable pharmacological dose, the tail amputation bleeding assay in mice showed that DC009 (up to 30mg/kg) did not cause bleeding prolongation; vs. rt-PA (10mg/kg) prolonged the bleeding to >10 folds of normal bleeding time. According to the MTD determined in preliminary toxicity dose range finding studies, greater 50 folds of safety margin was identified in both mouse and rat. In conclusion, DC009 appears to both thrombolytic and free radical scavenging with minimal risk of bleeding. As a safe and dual functional small molecule, it is a drug candidate of great potential for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Anticonvulsive and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Gastrodia elata Bl. in Kainic Acid-Treated Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Liang Hsieh ◽  
Su-Yin Chiang ◽  
Ken-Sheng Cheng ◽  
Yu-Hsien Lin ◽  
Nou-Ying Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

Gastrodia elata Bl. (GE) is a traditional Chinese herb that is commonly used in Chinese communities to treat convulsive disorders such as epilepsy. The purpose of the present study was to determine the anticonvulsive and free radical activities of GE in rats. In vitro studies were conducted by using brain tissue from 6 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with 120 μg/ml of kainic acid (KA), with or without the addition of various concentrations of GE. In vivo studies were conducted in a total of 30 male SD rats divided into 5 groups of 6 rats which were treated as follows: 1) the normal group received an intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of PBS (Phosphate buffer saline, 1 ml/kg); 2) the control group received KA (12 mg/kg) i.p.; 3) the GE 1.0 group received oral administration of GE 1.0 g/kg 30 min prior to KA administration; 4) the GE 0.5 group reveived oral administration of GE 0.5 g/kg 30 min prior to KA administration; 5) the PH group reveived oral administration of phenytoin 20 mg/kg 30 min prior to KA administration. Seizures were verified by behavioral observations, electroencephalograph (EEG) and electromyography (EMG). Lipid peroxide levels in the rat brain, luminol chemiluminescence (CL) and lucigenin-CL in the peripheral blood were measured simultaneously after behavioral observations. The results indicate that GE administration significantly reduced KA-induced lipid peroxide levels in vitro. Oral administration of GE 1.0 g/kg and phenytoin 20 mg/kg significantly reduced counts of wet dog shakes (WSS), paw tremor (PT) and facial myoclonia (FM) in KA-treated rats. In addition, oral administration of GE 1.0 g/kg significantly delayed the onset of WDS, from 30 min in the control group to 46 min in the 0.5 g/kg group, and 63 min in the GE 1.0 g/kg group. A significantly reduced level of lipid peroxides in the rat brain was found in the GE 1.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and phenytoin 20 mg/kg groups. The GE 1.0 g/kg group showed significant reduction of luminol-CL and lucigenin-CL counts in the peripheral blood compared to the control group. The results of the present study demonstrate that GE has anticonvulsive and free radical scavenging activities. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical effectiveness of GE as an anticonvulsant in humans.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of leaf extract fractions of Crimson bottlebrush, Callistemon citrinus (Curtis.) Skeels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poulomi Ghosh ◽  
Souren Goswami ◽  
Sujit Roy ◽  
Ria Das ◽  
Tista Chakraborty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Extract Fraction

AbstractObjectivesThe present study aimed to analyze a comparative in vitro free radical scavenging and antibacterial potentials of leaf aqueous and the successive extract fractions of Callistemon citrinus.MethodsFor in vitro antioxidant activity assessments, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, Fe3+ ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and total antioxidant capacity of the extracts were tested. Antibacterial potentials were tested through Agar well diffusion method using both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains.ResultsData indicate the polar successive aqueous fraction (AQF) possesses the highest free radicals scavenging capacity, with lowest EC50 (the required extract concentration to scavenge half of the free radicals) for DPPH and FRAP assays, and contains the highest total phenolics (308.2±5.9 µg tannic acid equivalent/mg dry extract, DE), flavonoids (516.7±3.5 µg quercetin equivalent/mg DE), total antioxidant capacity (441.48±12.8 µg ascorbic acid equivalent/mg DE). Phenolics and flavonoids contents were positively correlated with the in vitro antioxidant activities. The antibacterial study indicates the petroleum ether and chloroform are suitable solvents for extracting antibacterial phytochemicals from C. citrinus leaves that are effective against both gram-positive and negative bacterial strains.ConclusionThe most polar fraction i.e. the successive aqueous extract fraction of C. citrinus leaves exhibited the highest antioxidant activities while the most non-polar petroleum ether extract fraction showed the highest antibacterial potentials thus these extract fractions might have therapeutic importance.

scholarly journals Study of in vitro and in vivo free radical scavenging activity for radioprotection of cerium oxide nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (35) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Asia H. Al-Mashhadani
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Scavenging Activity

Nanoceria have shown numerous unique characteristics, such as biocompatibility and are excellent agents for biological applications. The aim of this study is to investigate cerium oxide nanoparticles for 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and their ability to offer protection against ionizing radiation. In vitro antioxidant activity study of nanoceria particles has shown good free radical scavenging activity for DPPH radical assayed within a concentration range of 0.01 to 0.05 g/l, at higher concentrations of nanoparticles showed reverse trend in absorbance and inhibition indicating this finite rang of concentration is suitable for scavenging free radicals, also nanoparticles were found to have significant antioxidant capacity and thus can be used as potential radical scavenger against deleterious damages caused by the free radicals. The results of histopathological examination showed effectiveness of CeO2 nanoparticles in radioprotection of skin cells in animal models during radiation exposure.

scholarly journals Evaluation ofCinnamomum osmophloeumKanehira Extracts on Tyrosinase Suppressor, Wound Repair Promoter, and Antioxidant

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man-Gang Lee ◽  
Su-Yu Kuo ◽  
Shih-Yu Yen ◽  
Hsia-Fen Hsu ◽  
Chung-Hang Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Mushroom Tyrosinase

Cinnamomum osmophloeumKanehira belongs to the Lauraceae family of Taiwan’s endemic plants. In this study,C. osmophloeumKanehira extract has shown inhibition of tyrosinase activity on B16-F10 cellular system first. Whether extracts inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity was tested, and a considerable inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity byin vitroassays was presented. Animal experiments ofC. osmophloeumKanehira were carried out by observing animal wound repair, and the extracts had greater wound healing power than the vehicle control group (petroleum jelly with 8% DMSO, w/v). In addition, the antioxidant capacity ofC. osmophloeumKanehira extractsin vitrowas evaluated. We measuredC. osmophloeumKanehira extract’s free radical scavenging capability, metal chelating, and reduction power, such as biochemical activity analysis. The results showed that a high concentration ofC. osmophloeumKanehira extract had a significant scavenging capability of free radical, a minor effect of chelating ability, and moderate reducing power. Further exploration of the possible physiological mechanisms and the ingredient components of skincare product for skin-whitening, wound repair, or antioxidative agents are to be done.

scholarly journals IN-VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIAL OF FLAVONOIDS WITH SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF THEIR COMBINATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Shailendra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Unstable Molecules ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The present study was carried out to evaluate the possible synergistic interactions on antioxidant efficacy of some selected flavonoids in the present study, synergistic antioxidant effects of two flavonoids, rutin and quercetin, have been investigated by. DPPH, NO, free radical scavenging assays. Biological free radicals are highly unstable molecules that react with various organic substrates such as lipids, proteins, DNA causing cellular injury. At high concentrations, they generate oxidative stress, a damaging process that can damage all cell structures. At present, the research is focused on the use of antioxidants in preventing many diseases caused by the free radicals. The study was designed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant potential of quercetin, rutin, individually and synergistic antioxidant effects by using various in-vitro antioxidant assays i.e. DPPH, NO, assays.  The scavenging effect of quercetin, rutin and standard on the DPPH radical was 83±2.71 %, 79±1.51% and 86±1.04 % at 60μg/ml. On NO Quercetin, rutin and standard exhibited 83±0.09 %, 76±0.09 % and 85±0.22%. The scavenging activity increased in a dose dependent manner. The results indicate drugs shows significant free radical scavenging and their combination demonstrated considerable synergistic effect as compared to standard. Keywords: Quercetin, Rutin, Free radical scavenging, Antioxidant

scholarly journals Modulation of Ionizing Radiation Induced Oxidative Imbalance by Semi-Fractionated Extract ofPiper betle: An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Verma ◽  
Manju Lata Gupta ◽  
Ajaswrata Dutta ◽  
Sanghmitra Sankhwar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Radiation Induced

The study was planned to evaluate modulatory effect of aqueous extract ofPiper betleleaf (PBL) on ionizing radiation mediated oxidative stress leading to normal tissues damage during radiotherapy and other radiation exposures. The total polyphenols and flavonoids known as free radical scavenger (chelators) were measured in the extract. To ascertain antioxidant potential of PBL extract, we studied free radical scavenging, metal chelation, reducing power, lipid peroxidation inhibition and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP ) using in vitro assays. Mice were exposed to varied radiation doses administered with the same extract prior to irradiation to confirm its oxidative stress minimizing efficacy by evaluating ferric reducing ability of plasma, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation and micro-nuclei frequency. PBL extract was effective in scavenging DPPH (up to 92% at 100 µg/ml) and superoxide radicals (up to 95% at 80 µg/ml), chelated metal ions (up to 83% at 50 µg/ml) and inhibited lipid peroxidation (up to 45.65% at 500 µg/ml) in a dose dependant manner using in vitro model. Oral administration of PBL extract (225 mg/kg body weight) 1 hr before irradiation in mice significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) radiation abated antioxidant potential of plasma and GSH level in all the observed organs. The treatment with extract effectively lowered the radiation induced lipid peroxidation at 24 hrs in all the selected organs with maximum inhibition in thymus (p < 0.01). After 48 hrs, lipid peroxidation was maximally inhibited in the group treated with the extract. Frequency of radiation induced micronucleated cells declined significantly (34.78%, p < 0.01) at 24 hrs post-irradiation interval by PBL extract administration. The results suggest that PBL extract has high antioxidant potential and relatively non-toxic and thus could be assertively used to mitigate radiotherapy inflicted normal tissues damage and also injuries caused by moderate doses of radiation during unplanned exposures.

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potential and Antioxidant Activities of Five Cultivars of Rosa Damascena Mill. From Isparta, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-359
Author(s):  
Shirin Tarbiat ◽  
Azize Simay Türütoğlu ◽  
Merve Ekingen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Free Radical Damage

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and impairment of language. Alzheimer's disease is strongly associated with oxidative stress and impairment in the cholinergic pathway, which results in decreased levels of acetylcholine in certain areas of the brain. Hence, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity has been recognized as an acceptable treatment against Alzheimer's disease. Nature provides an array of bioactive compounds, which may protect against free radical damage and inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity. This study compares the in vitro antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of hydroalcoholic extracts of five cultivars of Rosa Damascena Mill. petals (R. damascena 'Bulgarica', R. damascena 'Faik', R. damascena 'Iranica', R. damascena 'Complex-635' and R. damascena 'Complex-637') from Isparta, Turkey. The antioxidant activities of the hydroalcoholic extracts were tested for ferric ion reduction and DPPH radical scavenging activities. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was also evaluated. All rose cultivars showed a high potency for scavenging free radical and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity. There was a significant correlation between antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Among cultivars, Complex-635 showed the highest inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 3.92 µg/mL. Our results suggest that all these extracts may have the potential to treat Alzheimer's disease with Complex-635 showing more promise.

Study of antioxidant potential in leaves, stems, nuts of Juglans regia L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raja* ◽  
Ivvala Anand Shaker ◽  
Inampudi Sailaja ◽  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
S. Saleem Basha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Radical Damage

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

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