scholarly journals TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT SAMIN Di BOJONEGORO (Analisis Perubahan Sosial dalam Pembagian Kerja dan Solidaritas Sosial Emile Durkheim)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Umi Hanifah
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Solidarity ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity ◽  
Division Of Work

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat Samin Bojonegoro dengan menggunakan teori Pembagian Kerja dan Solidaritas Sosial Emile Durkheim. Yaitu perubahan sosial dari masyarakat tradisional menuju masyarakat modern. Menurut Emile Durkheim, peningkatan sistem pembagian kerja pada masyarakat berimplikasi pada perubahan tipe solidaritas sosialnya, yaitu pada masyarakat dengan sistem pembagian kerja yang sangat sedikit akan menghasilkan tipe soli-daritas mekanik, sedangkan pada masyarakat dengan pembagian kerja yang kompleks akan menghasilkan tipe solidaritas organik. Dimulai dengan mendeskripsikan kehidupan masyarakat Samin dari asal usul, ajaran yang diikuti dan perubahan sosial yang terjadi pada mereka. Bentuk kajian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Data dalam kajian ini digunakan untuk memahami dan menafsirkan makna peristiwa serta pola tingkah laku masyarakat Samin Bojonegoro. Adapun data yang diperoleh berasal dari dokumen sejarah Samin dan bahan kepustakaan berupa buku, video film maupun jurnal ilmiah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa kondisi masyarakat Samin Bojonegoro telah mengalami transformasi dari tradisional menuju masyarakat modern. Meskipun telah mengalami perubahan dan modernisasi di segala bidang, masyarakat Samin masih identik dengan masyarakat mekanik dalam hal solidaritas. Hal tersebut dikarenakan masyarakat Samin masih menjunjung tinggi ajaran Saminisme dan mengamalkannya sampai sekarang yang berimplikasi pada kesadaran kolektif yang tinggi., meskipun mengalami berbagai transformasi, masyarakat Samin masih memegang teguh ajaran leluhurnya, yaitu Saminisme.Kata Kunci: Transformasi Sosial; Suku Samin; Pembagian Kerja Emile Durkheim; Solidaritas Organik; Solidaritas MekanikThis study aims to analyze the changes that occur in the Samin Bojonegoro community by using Emile Durkheim’s Division of Work and Social Solidarity. Namely the social change from traditional society to modern society. According to Durkheim, an increase in the system of division of labor in society has implications for changes in the type of social solidarity, that is, in societies with very little division of labor will produce a type of mechanical solidarity, whereas in societies with complex division of labor will produce types of organic solidarity. It starts by describing the lives of the Samin people from their origins, the teachings that are followed and the social changes that occur in them. The form of this study is qualitative research. The data in this study are used to understand and interpret the meaning of events and the behavior patterns of the Samin Bojonegoro community. The data obtained comes from historical documents Samin and literature materials in the form of books, video films and scientific journals. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that the condition of the Samin Bojonegoro community has undergone a transformation from traditional to modern society. Although it has undergone changes and modernization in all fields, the Samin community is still synonymous with a mechanical society in terms of solidarity. That is because the Samin community still upholds the teachings of Saminism and practices it until now which has implications for high collective consciousness., Despite undergoing various transformations, the Samin community still upholds the teachings of its ancestors, namely Saminism.Keywords: Social Transformation; Samin Tribe; Emile Durkheim Division of Work, Organic Solidarity; Mechanical Solidarity

scholarly journals Virtual World Solidarity: How Social Solidarity is Built on the Crowdfunding Platform Kitabisa.com

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-202
Author(s):  
Rd. Siti Sofro Sidiq ◽  
Ashaluddin Jalil ◽  
R. Willya Achmad W
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Web Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity

This research examines how social solidarity is formed in cyberspace virtually through the crowdfunding platform Kitabisa.com. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive methods. The research was carried out through two stages, namely analyzing web content, and after that, a phenomenological stage was carried out to discover how the social solidarity of funders was formed in the crowdfunding of Kitabisa.com. The results of the study found that the development of the crowdfunding movement in Indonesia was on a good track in accordance with the values of social solidarity which involved the community to help each other in the form of social participation based on information and communication technology innovation that was linked through social networking and interactivity in cyberspace. Social solidarity formed through crowdfunding platforms is organic social solidarity. The more modern society is, the more the form of social solidarity produced will be more organic and tend to leave mechanical solidarity.

Crime, Police, and Samosudy in Petrograd in the Russian Revolution and Sociological Theories of Anomie

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-296
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Social Breakdown ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Solidarity ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity

This article attempts to assess the importance of social breakdown in the Russian Revolution. It argues that Petrograd experienced an unprecedented rise in violent crime from March to October, which reduced the society to a state of anomie. The article introduces the sociological concepts of anomie developed by Emile Durkheim and Robert Merton. Introducing Durkheim’s theory that anomie results from the breakdown of “organic solidarity” that assures cohesion in an advanced society, and Merton’s theory that anomie arises when the cultural structures and the social structures break down, the article attempts to examine how these theories can be applicable to the reality of Petrograd during the revolution. Durkheim argues that when “organic solidarity” fails, “mechanical solidarity,” characterized by collective conscious, emotion, and violence, takes over. In this article this theory is applied to explain the violence in samosudy. The article further attempts to identify those who committed crime, who participated in samosudy, and where crime and samosudy took place. It argues that crime and samosudy took place in the central and southern districts of Petrograd with a mixed population of predominantly urban poor and the lower rung of the middle class, rather than in the working-class neighborhoods. It argues that samosudy were reflections of the frustrations of the urban poor, who achieved momentary empowerment by exerting violence against petty criminals. Popular violence committed by criminal acts and by samosudy provided an important background for the Bolshevik assumption of power.

scholarly journals Examining Durkheim's Model of Suicide on Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Sayed Mohammad Anoosheh ◽  
Mohammed Hussein Oroskhan
Keyword(s):  
Social Bonds ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Main Character ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Solidarity ◽  
Consequent Effect ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Parts

The beginning of twentieth century experienced significant changes affecting different parts of society. Such considerable changes not only influenced the appearance of the society but also dramatically changed the social bonds gripping different kinds of people together. In this regard, Emile Durkheim as the father modern sociology thoroughly reexamined the previously settled notion of sociology and brought about a new perspective studying the social bonds. With regard to his two main principles namely mechanical solidary and organic solidarity, he justifies the relationships among the individual within the traditional and modern society. Nevertheless, he mentioned that out of few rare situations, the individual may commit a type of suicide which is totally the consequent effect of society on individual. Hence, through this study it is tried to reconsider Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" in the light of Durkheim's theory. In this case, it is revealed that while previously it was believed that the main character of the story is killed mercilessly by his friends and families, she has indeed committed altruistic suicide as the result of being so much integrated within the structure of the society.

scholarly journals Upaya Hukum Notaris Atas Sanksi Pemberhentian Sementara Oleh Majelis Pengawas Pusat Notaris (Studi Putusan Nomor: 43/G/2011/PTUN-JKT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 844-853
Author(s):  
Khavieza Siregar ◽  
Budiman Ginting ◽  
T. Keizerina Devi
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity

This article or writing aims to reveal the form of solidarity of the Madurese community in Watu Ulo Hamlet in the Pethik Laut tradition/ceremony. Researchers took this location as a research point because based on previous research, the literature on social solidarity in traditional community traditions is still limited. In addition, the researchers also studied the Pethik Laut in Watu Ulo Hamlet, Ambulu, Jember because so far the research on the Pethik Laut in Jember is still small. The problem is focused on the form of social solidarity of the Madurese community in Watu Ulo when carrying out this tradition. To approach this problem, Emile Durkheim's theoretical reference on the concept of social solidarity is used. The data were collected through the synthesis of online interviews and literature study, and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that attachment to values and social reality also forms solidarity. For example, there is a form of social solidarity among the Madurese in this tradition, namely solidarity in determining and preparing ceremonies, such as withdrawing funds, making food, and managing activities. Thus, the social solidarity of the Madurese community is included in the Durkheim type of mechanical solidarity.

Psychoterapeutki i psychoterapeuci wobec konsekwencji pandemii COVID-19. Analiza z perspektywy teorii traumy zmian społecznych

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Monika Frąckowiak-Sochańska ◽  
◽  
Marcin Hermanowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Helping Professions ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychotherapy Clients ◽  
Late Modern

This paper aims to analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the individuals’ mental conditions, focusing on psychotherapy clients. The sources of knowledge about mental condition changes analyzed here are psychotherapists’ reports. One of the research purposes was to examine to what extent the problems resulting from the pandemic are visible from the perspective of psychotherapists’ offices. Moreover, the authors explore the changes in psychotherapists’ functioning and the adjustments of psychotherapy understood as one of the expert systems in a late modern society affected by social changes’ trauma. Adopting the theory of social trauma (Alexander 2004, Sztompka 2002) as the frame of analysis enables examining the relation between personal but repeatable experiences of emotional crises and their global context determined by the pandemic. This paper’s empirical foundation is the survey research on a sample of 384 Polish psychotherapists carried out between August 10 and September 30 as a part of the project „Psychotherapeutic work in the pandemic time” supported by the Faculty of Sociology at Adam Mickiewicz University. The research results enable registering the increased intensity of problems resulting from social stress among people searching for psychotherapeutic support and those working in the helping professions. Simultaneously, changes in the functioning of the whole expert system of psychotherapy may be interpreted as the attempts to compensate for the social order destabilization that results in the growing stress and overburden of individuals.

Durkheim, Émile (1858–1917)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Orru
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Émile Durkheim is generally recognized to be one of the founders of sociology as a distinct scientific discipline. Trained as a philosopher, Durkheim identified the central theme of sociology as the emergence and persistence of morality and social solidarity (along with their pathologies) in modern and traditional human societies. His distinctive approach to sociology was to adopt the positivistic method in identifying and explaining social facts – the facts of the moral life. Sociology was to be, in Durkheim’s own words, a science of ethics. Durkheim’s sociology combined a positivistic methodology of research with an idealistic theory of social solidarity. On the one hand, Durkheim forcefully claimed that the empirical observation and analysis of regularities in the social world must be the starting point of the sociological enterprise; on the other hand, he was equally emphatic in claiming that sociological investigation must deal with the ultimate ends of human action – the moral values and goals that guide human conduct and create the essential conditions for social solidarity. Accordingly, in his scholarly writings on the division of labour, on suicide, on education, and on religion, Durkheim sought to identify through empirical evidence the major sources of social solidarity and of the social pathologies that undermine it.

Durkheim, Émile (1858–1917)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Paravantes
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Organic Solidarity ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity ◽  
Traditional Communities

David Émile Durkheim was a founding figure of sociology in France. His conceptual development of the "division of labour" (1893) remains key to a sociological understanding of modernity; in social terms, the highly-divided "organic" solidarity of modern nations and industrial society stood against the simplified "mechanical" solidarity of traditional communities.

The Birth of the Gods

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-376
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maryanski
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Solidarity ◽  
Initial Choice

Emile Durkheim’s ideas on religion have long served as foundational blocks for sociological theories. Yet, a mystery remains over where Durkheim’s insights into religion came from and especially the event that opened his eyes to religion’s importance in social life. Durkheim never supplied details on this conversion, but he did credit Robertson Smith for his new understanding. Did Smith really play the key role in Durkheim’s turn to religion? This essay examines Durkheim’s revelation in 1895 by starting from a novel angle—the first edition of The Division of Labor and his original stage model with the “cult of nature” as the starting point for religion. Tracing the implications of his initial choice of naturism as the elementary religion, a choice he would later soundly reject as “the product of [a] delirious interpretation,” offers new insights into why Durkheim found Smith’s ideas so inspirational. It also sheds light on why Durkheim overhauled his theory of solidarity, discarding his famous distinction between mechanical and organic solidarity. In Robertson Smith’s work, Durkheim discovered a more inclusive and enduring basis of solidarity in the social universe.

scholarly journals Pethik Laut: Wujud Solidaritas Sosial Masyarakat Madura di Dusun Watu Ulo Kecamatan Ambulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-843
Author(s):  
Adhitiya Prasta Pratama ◽  
Naimatul Chariro ◽  
Syaiful Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity

This article or writing aims to reveal the form of solidarity of the Madurese community in Watu Ulo Hamlet in the Pethik Laut tradition/ceremony. Researchers took this location as a research point because based on previous research, the literature on social solidarity in traditional community traditions is still limited. In addition, the researchers also studied the Pethik Laut in Watu Ulo Hamlet, Ambulu, Jember because so far the research on the Pethik Laut in Jember is still small. The problem is focused on the form of social solidarity of the Madurese community in Watu Ulo when carrying out this tradition. To approach this problem, Emile Durkheim's theoretical reference on the concept of social solidarity is used. The data were collected through the synthesis of online interviews and literature study, and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that attachment to values and social reality also forms solidarity. For example, there is a form of social solidarity among the Madurese in this tradition, namely solidarity in determining and preparing ceremonies, such as withdrawing funds, making food, and managing activities. Thus, the social solidarity of the Madurese community is included in the Durkheim type of mechanical solidarity.

scholarly journals From Mediation to Mediatisation: the Migration Issue

Monitor ISH ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Karmen Medica
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media

The interaction between media and migrants is an integral part of the everyday social context at all levels of modern society, institutional and non-institutional alike. Such dynamism promotes a wide range of social changes and processes. These processes have recently come to be marked by a transition from mediation to mediatisation. While mediation is simply a transfer or transmission of communication by the media, mediatisation involves the active impact of the media on communication in the social and cultural contexts within which this impact can be understood and interpreted. Mediatisation refers to the broader (meta)changes of the media and forms of communication, which in turn cause changes in daily life and in personal and collective identities, as well as in social relations and in society as a whole. Mediatisation is increasingly changing the relationship between the media and society. In the context of the EU, the reporting on migrants tends to be depersonalised. This encourages generalisation, which in its turn reinforces stereotypes and fails to convey a realistic picture of the situation. Another problem identified is the lack of distinctly profiled individuals who could function as representatives of the migrant communities. Moreover, both media and journalists often neglect information coming from direct immigrant sources. The result of this vicious circle is confirmed by the general opinion that migrants typically appear only in cases diverging from the standard, with a strong emphasis on sensational presentation. The integration of migrant communities largely depends on how much they are recognised, identified and found attractive at least by a part of the public. Changes in the form and means of communication further change the forms of grouping and forms of social power. The changes in dealing with migrant issues become evident at three levels: in the media, in politics, and in everyday life.

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