scholarly journals Evaluation of Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium hominis/Cryptosporidium parvum in human stool samples by the BD MAXTM Enteric Parasite Panel

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadik Akgun ◽  
Tuncay Celik
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

Highly sensitive and specific detection of Giardia duodenalis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium spp. in human stool samples by the BD MAX™ Enteric Parasite Panel

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijo Parčina ◽  
Ingrid Reiter-Owona ◽  
Frank P. Mockenhaupt ◽  
Valerija Vojvoda ◽  
Jean Bosco Gahutu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

Detection of Cryptosporidium in stool samples by Taq-Man qPCR v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
botchiesenyo not provided
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Stool Samples

Detection of Cryptosporidium parvum and/or Cryptosporidium hominis from fecal samples by qPCR.

scholarly journals An Alcohol Dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) from Entamoeba histolytica Is Involved in the Detoxification of Toxic Aldehydes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1608
Author(s):  
Constantin König ◽  
Martin Meyer ◽  
Corinna Lender ◽  
Sarah Nehls ◽  
Tina Wallaschkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Peptidase Activity ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

Recently, a putative alcohol dehydrogenase 3, termed EhADH3B of the Entamoeba histolytica isolate HM-1:IMSS was identified, which is expressed at higher levels in non-pathogenic than in pathogenic amoebae and whose overexpression reduces the virulence of pathogenic amoebae. In an in silico analysis performed in this study, we assigned EhADH3B to a four-member ADH3 family, with ehadh3b present as a duplicate (ehadh3ba/ehadh3bb). In long-term laboratory cultures a mutation was identified at position 496 of ehadh3ba, which codes for a stop codon, which was not the case for amoebae isolated from human stool samples. When using transfectants that overexpress or silence ehadh3bb, we found no or little effect on growth, size, erythrophagocytosis, motility, hemolytic or cysteine peptidase activity. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant EhADH3Bb revealed that this protein forms a dimer containing Ni2+ or Zn2+ as a co-factor and that the enzyme converts acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of NADPH. A catalytic activity based on alcohols as substrates was not detected. Based on the results, we postulate that EhADH3Bb can reduce free acetaldehyde released by hydrolysis from bifunctional acetaldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase-bound thiohemiacetal and that it is involved in detoxification of toxic aldehydes produced by the host or the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Generation of whole genome sequences of new Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum isolates directly from stool samples

BMC Genomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Hadfield ◽  
Justin A. Pachebat ◽  
Martin T. Swain ◽  
Guy Robinson ◽  
Simon JS Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Stool Samples

scholarly journals Intestinal Parasite Infestation in HIV Infected Patients in Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1602-1607
Author(s):  
Dhruba Hari Chandi ◽  
Sucheta J. Lakhani
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Coccidian Parasites ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Taenia Species ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Every year, the number of people living with HIV rises as a consequence of advanced infections and the positive effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Gastrointestinal involvement is common, with 90% of patients seeking treatment for gastrointestinal problems as their HIV infection progresses. Nonetheless, identifying and characterization of infectious agents is important for patient management by excluding a clinical diagnosis and determining appropriate treatment, as well as determining public healthcare policy for true pathogen prevalence and yielding epidemiological risk factors for specific infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic or asymptomatic intestinal parasitic infection among HIV or AIDS patients. For this study with 80 HIV seropositive patients being recruited from various wards and the Integrated Counseling and Testing Center (ICTC) affiliated to the microbiology department. Patients with acute and chronic diarrhea with abdominal disorder were taken as symptomatic whereas patients without these clinical complaints and who came for routine investigations were taken as asymptomatic. Firstly stool samples were analyzed by macroscopically for the presence of mucus, blood, larvae, segments of tapeworm and adult worms. The consistencies of stool were also recorded such as formed, watery or soft or loose with odor and color. It was examined microscopically after macroscopically for protozoan cysts and trophozoites, helminthic ova and larvae, as wet mount preparation by saline and iodine preparation as well as formal ether concentrated. For the detection of intestinal coccidian parasites, smears were prepared from stool samples and a modified Ziel-Nelseen (MZN) stain was also performed. Stool samples with the detection of parasites were informed for treatment. The prevalence of intestinal parasite was 23.75% with asymptomatic and symptomatic groups having a prevalence of 16.98% and 37.04% respectively. Out of total patients, 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. Among the male patients, 11 (13.75%) were positive for an intestinal parasitic infection and 8 (10%) were positive among females. The age distribution data revealed that the age group 21-40 years old had the highest number of intestinal parasites, followed by 41-60, 61-80, and 0-20 years old. The most intestinal parasites were found in the young and middle-aged patients, according to this study. Different parasites were identified as Entamoeba histolytica, Taenia species, Ascaris lumbricoides, Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora with one protozoan, two coccidian parasites and two helminthes. The most common parasite was Taenia species 6 (7.5%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica 5 (6.3%) and Cryptosporidium parvum 5 (6.3%). Intestinal parasitic infection is not uncommon in HIV seropositive patients. This study underscores the need for early diagnosis and treatment of these intestinal parasites in both symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV patients.

scholarly journals Multicenter Evaluation of BD Max Enteric Parasite Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium hominis, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Entamoeba histolytica

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2681-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Madison-Antenucci ◽  
R. F. Relich ◽  
L. Doyle ◽  
N. Espina ◽  
D. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Common Causes

Common causes of chronic diarrhea among travelers worldwide include protozoan parasites. The majority of parasitic infections are caused by Giardia duodenalis , Entamoeba histolytica , Cryptosporidium parvum , and Cryptosporidium hominis . Similarly, these species cause the majority of parasitic diarrhea acquired in the United States. Detection of parasites by gold standard microscopic methods is time-consuming and requires considerable expertise; enzyme immunoassays and direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) stains have lowered hands-on time for testing, but improvements in sensitivity and technical time may be possible with a PCR assay. We performed a clinical evaluation of a multiplex PCR panel, the enteric parasite panel (EPP), for the detection of these common parasites using the BD Max instrument, which performs automated extraction and amplification. A total of 2,495 compliant specimens were enrolled, including 2,104 (84%) specimens collected prospectively and 391 (16%) specimens collected retrospectively. Approximately equal numbers were received in 10% formalin (1,273 specimens) and unpreserved (1,222 specimens). The results from the EPP were compared to those from alternate PCR and bidirectional sequencing (APCR), as well as DFA ( G. duodenalis and C. parvum or C. hominis ) or trichrome stain ( E. histolytica ). The sensitivity and specificity for prospective and retrospective specimens combined were 98.2% and 99.5% for G. duodenalis , 95.5% and 99.6 for C. parvum or C. hominis , and 100% and 100% for E. histolytica , respectively. The performance of the FDA-approved BD Max EPP compared well to the reference methods and may be an appropriate substitute for microscopic examination or immunoassays.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Intestinal Amoebae in Wild Long-Tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Sabang City, Aceh Province, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1717
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Umi Cahyaningsih ◽  
Trioso Purnawarman ◽  
Hadri Latif ◽  
Etih Sudarnika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Dientamoeba Fragilis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

Amoeba that infects primates can also be found in humans and can be zoonotic. This study aims to identify the distribution of intestinal amoeba in the wild Long-Tailed Macaque (LTM) group located at Cot Murong, Kebun Mangga, and Tugu Zero Kilometer Monument (IZKM) in Sabang City, Aceh Province, Indonesia. A total of 177 stool samples from 59 tails from the three LTM groups were examined microscopically. The results of the examination confirmed seven species of intestinal amoeba, three of which belonged to the genus Entamoeba, namely the Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba pölecki, and four other species from different genera, namely Iodamoeba butschlii, Blastocystis sp., Endolimax nana and Dientamoeba fragilis. The prevalence of intestinal amoeba in wild LTM in Sabang City was 57.6% (102/177). Dientamoeba fragilis was only found in the LTM group of Kebun Mangga. Entamoeba coli dominated the highest prevalence in all LTM groups. The LTM group located around Cot Murong and IZKM had a higher concentration of infection with intestinal amoeba than the Kebun Mangga location. The statistical tests showed a significant difference between the proportions of Iodamoeba butschlii, Endolimax nana and Dientamoeba fragilis, both found in the LTM Cot Murong, Kebun Mangga, or IZKM groups. This study is the first to report amoebic infection prevalence in the wild LTM group in Sabang City, Aceh Province. The pathogenic amoeba that cannot be distinguished microscopically from morphologically identical amoebae needs to be identified molecularly to identify variants and their potential as zoonotic agents. HIGHLIGHTS Intestinal amoeba species found in fecal samples of the wild long-tailed macaques group of Sabang City, Aceh Province, Indonesia, can also be found in human stool samples As many as three of the seven identified amoeba species, namely Entamoeba histolytica, Dientamoeba fragilis, and Blastocystis sp. is a pathogen that can cause diarrhea and colitis in humans and non-human primates The prevalence of amoeba infection in wild macaques in Sabang City is in the high category and tends to increase the incidence of infection in the macaque group, which has more susceptible individuals, namely infants, children, and females GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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