scholarly journals Preliminary characterisation and extraction of anterior adhesive secretion in monogenean (platyhelminth) parasites

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamarind E. Hamwood ◽  
Bronwen W. Cribb ◽  
Judy A. Halliday ◽  
Graham C. Kearn ◽  
Ian D. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Secretion

Adhesion of the Boston ivy tendril

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 918-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton G. Endress ◽  
William W. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Contact Interface ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Colloidal Iron ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Adhesive Secretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Tactile stimulation of Boston ivy tendrils results in the development of bilaterally symmetric discs which adhere to substrates in the vicinity of the tendrils. Our electron microscopic examination of the tendrils indicates that adhesive secretion occurs from the peripheral cells at the contact face of the discs. Cell walls in this region develop pockets which fill with adhesive and ultimately coalesce. In fully adherent discs, the adhesive occupies the region between the substrate and the cells as well as the intracellular regions between the peripheral cells. While a cuticle was present on immature discs, no cuticle-like material was observed at the contact interface of mature discs.Staining of the adhesive was enhanced by ruthenium red and potassium ferrocyanide treatments, and the adhesive bound both colloidal iron and thorium. These results indicated that the adhesive is possibly a mucopolysaccharide.

Integrated Microscopy of Extracellular Adhesives of the Marine Biofouling Alga Achnanthes Longipes (Bacillariophyceae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1134-1135
Author(s):  
Y. Wang ◽  
B. A. Wustman ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
C. Lavin ◽  
M. R. Gretz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
High Pressure Freezing ◽  
Marine Fouling ◽  
Ship Hulls ◽  
Marine Biofouling ◽  
Achnanthes Longipes ◽  
Adhesive Secretion

An integrated approach including TEM, SEM and LM was utilized to investigate adhesives produced by the marine fouling diatom Achnanthes longipes. Extracellular adhesive secretion during sequential attachment in living diatom cells was examined using video microscopy. A suite of cryotechniques including high pressure freezing (HPF), freeze-substitution (FS) and high resolution cryo-field-emission SEM (cryo-FESEM) were required for preservation and structural investigation of the hydrophilic polymers synthesized by A. longipes that promote attachment to ship hulls, oil rigs and other submerged structures.Living cells and associated extracellular biocomposites were rapidly cryo-immoblized and observed using a Hitachi S-900 FESEM equipped with a cryo-stage. This technique allowed resolution of details of polymer organization within the pad, shaft and collar portions of the major adhesive structure termed a stalk (Fig. 1,2). This stalk has been demonstrated to consist mainly of polysaccharide cross-linked by O-linked polypeptides. In addition to permanently adhering the diatom to the substratum, the stalk elevates A. longipes, possibly enhancing the ability to successfully compete with other biofilm dwellers.

scholarly journals Sperm entry induces polarity in fucoid zygotes

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. Hable ◽  
D.L. Kropf
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Growth Axis ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Extrinsic Cues ◽  
Sperm Entry ◽  
Actin Patch ◽  
Adhesive Secretion ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Fucoid zygotes establish a rhizoid-thallus growth axis in response to environmental signals; however, these extrinsic cues are not necessary for polarization, suggesting that zygotes may have inherent polarity. The hypothesis that sperm entry provides a default pathway for polarization of zygotes cultured in the absence of environmental signals was tested, and was supported by several lines of evidence. First, an F-actin patch, a cortical marker of the rhizoid pole, formed at the sperm entry site within minutes of fertilization. Second, the sperm entry site predicted the site of polar adhesive secretion (the first morphological manifestation of the rhizoid pole) and the position of rhizoid outgrowth. Third, when fertilization was restricted to one hemisphere of the egg, rhizoid outgrowth always occurred from that hemisphere. Fourth, delivery of sperm to one location within a population of eggs resulted in polarization of both adhesive secretion and rhizoid outgrowth toward the sperm source. Finally, induction of polyspermy using low sodium seawater increased the frequency of formation of two rhizoids. Sperm entry therefore provides an immediate default axis that can later be overridden by environmental cues.

Behavioural and Secretory Activity during Tube construction by Platynereis dumerilii Aud & M. Edw. [Polychaeta: Nereidae]

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Gland Cell ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Regular Sequence ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Platynereis Dumerilii ◽  
Adhesive Secretion

The ‘mucous’ tube of Platynereis dumerilii is made up of successive layers of fine threads held together by an adhesive secretion. Tube construction involves a regular sequence of behaviour which can be modified if algae or other objects are available for incorporation into the tube wall. Anterior parapodia are specialized for tube construction and gland cells producing tube components occupy most of the coelom in these segments. Several types of gland cell can be recognized histologically and those which form the threadsdischarge into a complex spiral organ below the cuticle.

scholarly journals Insect tricks: two-phasic foot pad secretion prevents slipping

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (45) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Henning Dirks ◽  
Christofer J. Clemente ◽  
Walter Federle
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive System ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Adhesive Pads ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Detailed Function ◽  
Adhesive Secretion

Many insects cling to vertical and inverted surfaces with pads that adhere by nanometre-thin films of liquid secretion. This fluid is an emulsion, consisting of watery droplets in an oily continuous phase. The detailed function of its two-phasic nature has remained unclear. Here we show that the pad emulsion provides a mechanism that prevents insects from slipping on smooth substrates. We discovered that it is possible to manipulate the adhesive secretion in vivo using smooth polyimide substrates that selectively absorb its watery component. While thick layers of polyimide spin-coated onto glass removed all visible hydrophilic droplets, thin coatings left the emulsion in its typical form. Force measurements of stick insect pads sliding on these substrates demonstrated that the reduction of the watery phase resulted in a significant decrease in friction forces. Artificial control pads made of polydimethylsiloxane showed no difference when tested on the same substrates, confirming that the effect is caused by the insects’ fluid-based adhesive system. Our findings suggest that insect adhesive pads use emulsions with non-Newtonian properties, which may have been optimized by natural selection. Emulsions as adhesive secretions combine the benefits of ‘wet’ adhesion and resistance against shear forces.

Extracellular micro and nanostructures forming the velvet worm solidified adhesive secretion

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 125013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yendry Regina Corrales-Ureña ◽  
Angie Sanchez ◽  
Reinaldo Pereira ◽  
Klaus Rischka ◽  
Thomas Kowalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Velvet Worm ◽  
Adhesive Secretion

Temporary adhesion of the barnacle cyprid: the existence of an antennular adhesive secretion

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Walker ◽  
A. B. Yule
Keyword(s):  
Sense Organ ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Protein Assay ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Balanus Balanoides ◽  
Adhesive Secretion ◽  
Made In

It is conclusively shown that cyprids of the barnacle Balanus balanoides (L.) use a secretion released onto the antennulary discs for temporary attachment. This secretion does not stain with conventional histochemical techniques but was shown to be proteinaceous by staining blue in Bio-Rad protein-dye reagent normally used in protein assay. The discovery of this proteinaceous secretion adds further evidence to suggest that cyprids use a form of Stèfan adhesion for temporary attachment during exploration prior to settlement.IntroductionAlthough recent advances have been made in the measurement of cyprid temporary adhesion (Yule & Crisp, 1983), the question of the precise mechanism has remained speculative. Earlier suggestions that the attachment organs of the antennules operated by suction (see Saroyan, Lindner & Dooley, 1969) were challenged on morphological grounds by Nott & Foster (1969) and finally disproved by the force measurements of Yule & Crisp (1983).Nott (1969) and Nott & Foster (1969) were able to show numerous unicellular glands opening out, individually, onto the surface of the antennulary disc arranged in two concentric rings, one near the margin, and the other around the central sense organ. It was considered that these glands could produce a tacky secretion used for temporary adhesion. Yule & Nott (unpublished, reported in Yule & Crisp, 1983) failed to find any traces of such a tacky secretion on glass surfaces after cyprids had walked across them. To establish the presence or absence of a fluid secretion on the antennulary disc is fundamental to the further understanding of the type of temporary adhesion employed by cyprids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document