scholarly journals Macierzyństwo jako wartość filozoficzna i moralna

Etyka ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Łamejko
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Moral Virtues ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Social Authority ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
Women's Culture ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
New Perspective

The article concentrates on attempts of treating the maternal perspective as valuable in moral philosophy. The author traces the evolution of maternal behaviours in history and reconstructs the development of ethical theories determining women’s proper role in society. She raises the question why none of the philosophers gave any consideration to the maternal experience. Her conclusion is that traditional philosophical discourse assumes motherhood as just part of a wide group of issues determined as ,,family”. Classical philosophers claim that maternal love is natural and innate so it cannot be valuable. Their analyses fail to take account of maternal experience as a source of moral virtues like self-sacrifice, patience, responsibility, care or devalues this terms as not so important as male virtues like impartiality, non-interference, justice or individual’s autonomy. The author presents an alternative, new, female approach to morality. Simone de Beauvoir, Lucy Irigaray and Adrienne Rich criticize classical vision of motherhood in Western culture. They challenge traditional conviction of producing children as a natural destiny of all women determined by inborn maternal instinct. They treat maternal function in category of independent and deliberate choice. This new perspective replace traditional approach describing motherhood in terms of reproduction and ,,natural obligation”. Motherhood in modern thinking is something more than biological production of children. The figure of mother could become an important symbol in ethics and various aspects of our culture. Acceptance of women’s culture would show that women have the same moral and social authority as man. In conclusion the author emphasize the need to present motherhood as a remarkable philosophical and moral value in modern ethics.

Overcoming stereotypes in leasing

2017 ◽  
pp. 136-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gazman
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Variable Character ◽  
New Perspective

If we want securitization to become one of the main channels to attract funding in leasing activity, as the Bank of Russia predicts, one needs to revise some stereotypes. Relying on foreign and domestic research, the author gives a critical assessment of the postulate of the need for uniformity of securitized assets; proves that real estate, contrary to the traditional approach, rather than equipment and transport, prevails in securitization transactions, and explains why this happens. The article presents a new perspective on the behavior of issu- ers concerning the timing of securities circulation; considers feasibility approach to the calculation of variable character of leverage in leasing; explains pro and contra of evaluating the leasing market based on the volume of the portfolio of contracts; reveals the validity of ratings of bonds issued in the course of secu- ritization of leasing assets.

scholarly journals Information Length as a Useful Index to Understand Variability in the Global Circulation

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-jin Kim ◽  
James Heseltine ◽  
Hanli Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Spatial Gradient ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Non Gaussian

With improved measurement and modelling technology, variability has emerged as an essential feature in non-equilibrium processes. While traditionally, mean values and variance have been heavily used, they are not appropriate in describing extreme events where a significant deviation from mean values often occurs. Furthermore, stationary Probability Density Functions (PDFs) miss crucial information about the dynamics associated with variability. It is thus critical to go beyond a traditional approach and deal with time-dependent PDFs. Here, we consider atmospheric data from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) and calculate time-dependent PDFs and the information length from these PDFs, which is the total number of statistically different states that a system evolves through in time. Specifically, we consider the three cases of sampling data to investigate the distribution of information (information budget) along the altitude and longitude to gain a new perspective of understanding variabilities, correlation among different variables and regions. Time-dependent PDFs are shown to be non-Gaussian in general; the information length tends to increase with the altitude albeit in a complex form; this tendency is more robust for flows/shears than temperature. Much similarity among flows and shears in the information length is also found in comparison with the temperature. This means a strong correlation among flows/shears because of their coupling through gravity waves in this particular WACCM model. We also find the increase of the information length with the latitude and interesting hemispheric asymmetry for flows/shears/temperature, with the tendency of anti-correlation (correlation) between flows/shears and temperature at high (low) latitude. These results suggest the importance of high latitude/altitude in the information budget in the Earth’s atmosphere, the spatial gradient of the information length being a useful proxy for information flow.

scholarly journals CICT: New Eyes on Computational Competence in Computational Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Rodolfo A. Fiorini
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Formal Language ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Computational Science ◽  
Open Logic ◽  
Information Conservation ◽  
Biomedical System ◽  
New Perspective

Science does not exists to enlighten people's minds only. It mainly exists to show the educated way from quanta to qualia. And that way starts from computational competence. In previous papers published elsewhere, we have already shown that traditional Q Arithmetic can be regarded as a highly sophisticated open logic, powerful and flexible bidirectional formal language of languages, according to "Computational Information Conservation Theory" (CICT) new perspective. This new awareness can offer competitive approach to guide more effective and convenient algorithm development and application to arbitrary multiscale (AMS) biomedical system modeling and simulation. An articulated example on function computational modelling is presented and compared to standard, well-known and traditional approach. Results are critically discussed.

Quantum Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Rau
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
New World ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Classical Description ◽  
Statistical Correlations ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Quantum Technology

Recent advances in quantum technology – from quantum computers and simulators to communication and metrology – have not only opened up a whole new world of applications but also changed the understanding of quantum theory itself. This text introduces quantum theory entirely from this new perspective. It does away with the traditional approach to quantum theory as a theory of microscopic matter, and focuses instead on quantum theory as a framework for information processing. Accordingly, the emphasis is on concepts like measurement, probability, statistical correlations, and transformations, rather than waves and particles. The text begins with experimental evidence that forces one to abandon the classical description and to re-examine such basic notions as measurement, probability, and state. Thorough investigation of these concepts leads to the alternative framework of quantum theory. The requisite mathematics is developed and linked to its operational meaning. This part of the text culminates in an exploration of some of the most vexing issues of quantum theory, regarding locality, non-contextuality, and realism. The second half of the text explains how the peculiar features of quantum theory are harnessed to tackle information processing tasks that are intractable or even impossible classically. It provides the tools for understanding and designing the pertinent protocols, and discusses a range of examples representative of current quantum technology.

scholarly journals A New Perspective on the Public–Private Divide? Justiciability of Government Contracting Decisions Following Ririnui and Problem Gambling

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb O'Fee
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Government Contracting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
State Of Affairs

Behind every theory of administrative law lies a theory of the state. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the application of judicial review to government contracting decisions. New Zealand courts have long struggled to adopt a consistent and coherent approach in this area, and two recent decisions of relevance do very little to improve the situation. This article argues that a decision of the Supreme Court in Ririnui significantly broadens the scope of justiciability of government contracting decisions by providing an exception to Mercury Energy. The Court of Appeal's approach in Problem Gambling is more cautious but has nevertheless resulted in a broadening of the range of circumstances where government contracting decisions will be subject to judicial review. Beyond these limited findings the law both in New Zealand and overseas continues to lack consistency and coherence. This article suggests that while this state of affairs is undoubtedly the result of the application of a public law cause of action to a context which sits on the public law–private law divide, the courts should stop relying on an inconsistent doctrine and recognise that cases are being decided on the basis of normative conceptions of the proper role of judicial review in this context.

L’ideal ethique selon d’Aristote, ou la ≪belle vie≫

Chôra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 231-258
Author(s):  
Louise Rodrigue ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Good Life ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Moral Virtues ◽  
New Perspective

This study aims at providing a global explanation of the good life or happiness according to Aristotle. By applying the method used in ethics by Aristotle, the specific content of happiness is determined, of which meditation is the essence, together with the practice of moral virtues. The article rests on a relatively new perspective, neither ‘exclusive’ nor ‘inclusive’, considering the results of each type of traditional interpretation, and shedding light upon the richness of all happiness’ dimensions.

scholarly journals Mythology of RuNet network communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 649-658
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Plotichkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Network Communities ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
The Status

The article is part of a project aimed at researching the subjective policy space in a network society. It is dedicated to the mythology of RuNet online communities («MAMA™», «Real Football»). The myth is characterized as a discursive construct that conveys ideology. The study was carried out using content analysis, which made it possible to identify the thematic discourse structure of online communities, and the discourse-mythological approach, developed by D. Kelsey based on the integration of critical discourse analysis and the theory of myths. The research is based on C. Flood, R. Barthes’s concepts of the myth, M. Mauss’s explication of magic as a technique for changing the reality. The network community «MAMA™» broadcasts mythical narratives about natural motherhood, maternal instinct and altruism, universal maternal experience, the archetypes of «yummy mummy» and «pregnant beauty». Myths legitimize the ideology of intensive motherhood; there is discursive framing of consumption as a material expression of maternal love and care. On the page of the online community «Real Football», the football club is presented as a dream factory; the status of heroes and wizards is attributed to players and coaches; the creators of community unite supporters through a family myth. Myths spread and support the ideologies of «football-centrism», «football as a man's game»; mythology hides the «microphysics of power» of football life from the view of the «other». Keywords: myth, mythologization, social media, discourse-mythologi

scholarly journals Challenges of Humanistic Approach to FLT towards Traditional Approach in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Zhang Yong
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Humanistic Approach ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Teaching Ideas

Traditionally, FLT in China attaches too much to the mastery of target language, ignoring learner’s personal development in the learning process. Humanistic teaching voices an objection to the mechanistic, dehumanizing, inhuman emphasis of traditional approaches to education, and a plea for the adoption of new attitudes, concepts and approaches in this area. FLT, as one part of education, has also been influenced by this new force, and requires some innovative approaches to replace the conventional ones in methodology. This paper intends to analyze the big challenges provoked by humanistic teaching towards traditional approach to FLT in China, such as, ”student-centered” vs. “teacher-centered”; “process-oriented” vs. “product-oriented”; and “holistic-oriented” vs. “knowledge-oriented” . This detailed analysis is intended to help better comprehend humanistic teaching ideas and provide a new perspective on FLT in China.

scholarly journals A Non-Paternalistic Model of Research Ethics and Oversight

2021 ◽  
pp. 299-340
Author(s):  
Alex John London
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Coordination Problems ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Social Authority ◽  
The Common

This chapter argues that prospective review of research before bodies of diverse representation should not be understood as a paternalistic interference in the private interactions between researchers and participants. Instead, it is a mechanism for resolving a set of coordination problems that threaten the integrity of research. Its proper role is to provide credible social assurance that the research enterprise constitutes a voluntary scheme of cooperation through which diverse stakeholders can contribute to the common good without being subject to the arbitrary exercise of social authority including antipathy, abuse, coercion, domination, exploitation, or other forms of harmful, unfair, or disrespectful treatment. The limitations of prospective review are discussed, including the need for mechanisms that better address incentives for a wider range of stakeholders whose decisions shape the research agenda.

scholarly journals Human Needs as an Approach to Designed Landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Dalia Aly ◽  
Doaa K. Hassan ◽  
Shaimaa Mohamed Kamel ◽  
Johannes Hamhaber
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Critical Content ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Public Landscapes

The traditional approach of landscape architecture has always focused on the aesthetic and visual aspects of landscapes while giving less attention to other aspects. This view has limited the benefits that can be derived from designed landscapes, despite the wide-ranging potential they carry for humans; socially, environmentally and economically. As a result, many researchers and practitioners are currently challenging this view to develop a more holistic and multidimensional approach. The present research therefore aims at proposing a new perspective for public designed landscapes based on fundamental human needs. The study methodology was comprised of critical content analysis for three main domains: sustainable development, human needs in specific relation to public landscapes, and significant approaches to fundamental human needs. Reconciliation among these domains was achieved based on a modified version of Max-Neef’s matrix of fundamental human needs. Human needs in public landscapes were merged into the matrix to reach a comprehensive yet specific perspective. The study concluded with a conceptual framework that can provide a wider perspective to human needs in designed landscapes. It proposes a new tool for the analysis of the benefits of public landscapes and their value for humans, which can be further used in various applications.

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