scholarly journals V. N. Babichev. Neuroendocrine Regulation of the Reproductive System

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Gonadotropic Function ◽  
Central Origin ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The Relationship

The problems raised by V. N. Babichev in this monograph on deciphering the central mechanisms of regulation of the pituitary gonadotropic function occupy one of the main places among other issues of neuroendocrinology. To study the sequence of events in neuroendocrine processes that contribute to the preovulatory release of luteinizing hormone is a very complicated but necessary task. In the last decade, neuroendocrinologists are no longer satisfied with a fairly well-studied system of the relationship between gonadaliberin - gonadotropins and sex steroids. The essential role of monoamines of central origin in the regulation of the synthesis and secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, which show their function through luliberins, is shown. Experimenters and clinicians now have rich material that deepens and significantly changes our understanding of the neuroendocrine control of the reproductive system. These literature data in combination with prof. V.N. Babicheva demanded their generalization, which was perfectly done in the peer-reviewed monograph. A comprehensive approach to the study of the entire reproductive function control system, carried out in the laboratory of physiology of the endocrine system of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, starting from the period of early ontogenesis, made it possible to specify the role of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the regulation of the pituitary gonadotropic function, to determine the point of their application in the hypothalamus , the direction of the response from gonadotropins depending on the level of sex hormones in the blood. The starting role of norepinephrine in the mechanism of ovulatory release of gonadotropins has been established, while the main point of its application is the preoptic region. The main point of application of dopamine is the area of ​​the mediobasal hypothalamus, or rather, the arcuate core.

scholarly journals Pesticides as endocrine distruptors of the reproductive system (literature review and own research)

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Ninel Shepelska ◽  
Mykola Prodanchuk ◽  
Yana Kolianchuk
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Currently, one of the main threats to human health is undoubtedly endocrine disruptors (ED), since they directly disrupt the processes of homeostasis maintenance, controlled by the endocrine system, the purpose of which is to maintain normal functions and development in a constantly changing environment. Pesticides can disrupt the physiological functioning of many endocrine axes, including the endocrine mechanisms that ensure reproductive health. It should be noted that research aimed at preventing chemically induced reproductive disorders in the human population is one of the central areas of preventive medicine, both in terms of their importance and the complexity of the tasks being solved. Analysis and generalization of the results of our own long-term studies have shown that the selective, and, therefore, the most dangerous toxicity of pesticides for the reproductive system is determined by endocrine-mediated mechanisms of etiopathogenesis. The low level of doses inducing pathological changes in reproductive function in our studies fully confirms one of the universal signs inherent in endocrine-distruptive compounds. The above examples demonstrate a wide range of possible endocrine-mediated mechanisms of reproductive toxicity of pesticides - endocrine disruptors. However, it is very important to note that low doses may be more effective in changing some endpoints compared to high (toxic) doses. Currently, several mechanisms have been identified and studied that demonstrate how hormones and ED induce non-monotonic reactions in animal cells, tissues and organs. The reproductive system, the functioning of which is ensured by a fine balancing of the action of androgens and estrogens, is one of the systems that presents a unique opportunity for modeling a non-monotonic dose dependence. All of the above indicates the extreme danger of the impact of hormonally active agents on the reproductive health of a person and his offspring. At the same time, the threat of endocrine-mediated disorders for subsequent generations can also be realized through the induction of mechanisms of development of epigenetic transgenerational effects. Taking into account the results of studies of the mechanisms of the ED destructive action, as well as their ability to induce non-monotonic dose dependence at an extremely low dose level, it should be admitted that, apparently, there is a need to revise the paradigm of methodological approaches to the regulation of pesticides with endocrine-disruptive properties. Key words: pesticides, endocrine disruptors, reproductive system

Fertility and ovarian reserve (Сlinical lecture)

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
V.I. Pyrohova ◽  
◽  
M.T. Ferents ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
The State ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Relationship

Lviv national medical University named Danylo Galitsky The article considers the selected aspects of fertility of women in modern conditions, the relationship between the ovarian reserve, the state of the endometrium and the ability to realize the reproductive function. Key words: fertility, ovarian reserve, endometrium, chronic endometritis, reproductive system.

scholarly journals The role of probiotics on the roadmap to a healthy microbiota: a symposium report

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Lockyer ◽  
Marisol Aguirre ◽  
Louise Durrant ◽  
Bruno Pot ◽  
Kaori Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Epigenetic Programming ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Probiotic Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Host Genes

ABSTRACT The ninth International Yakult Symposium was held in Ghent, Belgium in April 2018. Keynote lectures were from Professor Wijmenga on using biobanks to understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and health; and Professor Hill on phage–probiotic interactions. Session one included talks from Professor Plӧsch on epigenetic programming by nutritional and environmental factors; Professor Wilmes on the use of “omics” methodologies in microbiome research and Professor Rescigno on the gut vascular barrier. Session two explored the evidence behind Lactobacillus casei Shirota with Dr Nanno explaining the plasticity in immunomodulation that enables the strain to balance immune functions; Dr Macnaughtan outlining its potential therapeutic use in cirrhosis and Professor Nishida detailing effects in subjects under stress. The third session saw Professor Marchesi describing that both the host genes and the gut microbiota can play a role in cancer; Professor Bergheim highlighting crosstalk between the gut and the liver and Professor Cani describing the relationship between the gut microbiota and the endocrine system. The final session explored probiotic mechanisms, with Professor Lebeer dissecting the challenges in conducting mechanistic studies; Professor Wehkamp describing the mucosal defence system and Professor Van de Wiele detailing methods for modelling the gut microbiota in vitro.

scholarly journals Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction: Is There a Connection with Gut Microbiota?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2549
Author(s):  
Giulia Radocchia ◽  
Bruna Neroni ◽  
Massimiliano Marazzato ◽  
Elena Capuzzo ◽  
Simone Zuccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Intestinal Pseudo Obstruction ◽  
The Relationship

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility, and its symptoms are suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction in the absence of any lesion restricting the intestinal lumen. Diagnosis and therapy of CIPO patients still represent a significant challenge for clinicians, despite their efforts to improve diagnostic workup and treatment strategies for this disease. The purpose of this review is to better understand what is currently known about the relationship between CIPO patients and intestinal microbiota, with a focus on the role of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the intestinal endocrine system (IES) in intestinal motility, underling the importance of further studies to deeply understand the causes of gut motility dysfunction in these patients.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN DAN PERAN IBU DALAM PENGENALAN SISTEM REPRODUKSI SEJAK DINI PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH (3-5 TAHUN) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BERINGIN RAYA KOTA BENGKULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neti Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Rampant cases of child sexual abuse in Indonesia to be the most worrying at this time, this was due to the lack of parents inintroducing reproductive system to children early because it was considered as taboo, parents only introduces the name of non genital parts of the body. In the city of Bengkulu sexual abuse of children each year increase. This study aimed to know the relationship between knowledge and the role of mothers in the introduction of the reproductive system early at the age of preschool children (3-5 years) in Beringin Raya Health Center.This study used a descriptive analytic method with cross sectional rangcangan. The population of this study were mothers of preschool children (3-5 years) in Beringi Raya Health Center Bengkulu City. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling with data analysis using univariate and bivariate.Univariate analysis research results obtained over the majority of respondents (56.0%) had less knowledge about the reproductive system, the majority of respondents (72.0%) had less good role, and the majority of respondents (70.30%) were less in giving recognition to their reproductive system and test results statictik chi-square value of ρ value of knowledge gained 0,047 and the role ρ values obtained value of 0.021. Expected to teachers in kindergartens to provide education about reproduction on children and mothers of students to introduce the reproductive organs.

scholarly journals Vitamins and their role in the reproductive system functioning

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Babichev ◽  
T. V. Yeltseva
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Central Regulation ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Gonadotropic Function ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

The need to analyze literature data on the role of vitamins in the normal functioning of the reproductive system logically follows from the general formulation of the question of the mechanisms of its central regulation. Vitamins, like hormones, are highly active compounds involved in the work of all the links in the regulation of the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland at the level of both the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. A vitamin such as D3 with its generalized effect can be considered as an analogue of hormones involved in the implementation of hormonal effects at all levels. Clinical endocrinologists are also very interested in other fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamins A and E. Based on the foregoing, the authors attempted to describe existing concepts regarding the role of vitamins in the normal functioning of the reproductive system, their mechanisms of action, and the importance of using them for therapeutic purposes.

Palladium nanoparticle effects on endocrine reproductive system of female rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1069-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Leso ◽  
L Fontana ◽  
A Marinaccio ◽  
K Leopold ◽  
C Fanali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Quantitative Changes

The widespread industrial application of nanomaterials (NMs) has dramatically increased the likelihood of environmental and occupational exposure of humans to such xenobiotics. This issue, together with the increasing public health interest in understanding the effects of chemicals on endocrine system, encouraged to investigate the disruptive potential of NMs on the endocrine function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) on the female reproductive system of Wistar rats, intravenously exposed to different doses (0.12, 1.2, and 12 µg/kg), through the assessment of possible quantitative changes in the serum concentrations of several sex hormones. Our results demonstrated that the highest exposure doses significantly reduced the estradiol and testosterone concentrations, while increased the luteinizing hormone levels in treated animals compared to controls. Such alterations are indicative for an abnormal reproductive axis function. However, further investigations are needed to clarify the role of the different NP physicochemical properties in determining such effects, and possible underlining molecular mechanisms, as well as their relevance for the development of diseases in the female reproductive system. Overall, this may be helpful to define accurate risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of the general and occupational populations exposed to Pd-NPs.

scholarly journals Role Of Vitamin D And Adipose Tissue Hormones In Women With Reproductive Disorders

Folia Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Presiyana V. Nyagolova ◽  
Mitko D. Mitkov ◽  
Maria M. Orbetsova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The role of vitamin D beyond that it plays in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis has been lately quite emphasized. In this respect, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and reproductive disorders. Growing evidence has suggested that vitamin D deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the development of metabolic disorders in the polycystic ovary syndrome. The goal of the review is to present contemporary concepts of the relationship between hormones affecting the metabolic body status, serum vitamin D levels and the reproductive function.

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