scholarly journals The use of X-ray fluorescence determination of the concentration of intrathyroid iodine in thyroidology

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
I. O. Tomashevsky ◽  
S. N. Sazonova ◽  
D. I. Tomashevsky ◽  
N. V. Mazurina
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyrotropic Hormone ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Thyroid Goiter

The results of 7-year utilization of a Russian analyzer for noninvasive x-ray fluorescent measurement of intrathyroid stable iodine for diagnosis and monitoring the treatment efficiency in patients with thyroid diseases are analyzed. A total of 400 adults (130 men and 270 women) aged 20-50years and 67children (12 boys and 55 girls) aged 5-16 years with various thyroid diseases were examined. Control group consisted of 60 women and 30 men without thyroid diseases (according to clinical and laboratory studies). Ultrasonography and scintigraphy of the thyroid, measurements of the blood pituitary thyrotropic hormone, thyroid hormones, antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase, cytological and h istological studies, and a new method for thyroid iodine measurements were used. The results indicate the need in a new diagnostic method based on analysis of intrathyroid iodine. Such a method is needed for 1) prophylactic screening of population, including children, pregnant and nursing women in order to detect (with an accuracy of 7095%) subjects with suspected autoimmune thyroid diseases; 2) accurate evaluation of the degree of thyroid involvement in autoimmune thyroiditis and identification of the pathogenesis of hypothyrosis or thyrotoxicosis; 3) monitoring the efficiency of treatment with iodides, thyroxin, and their combinations and for thyroid function recovery after mercazolil therapy of diffuse thyroid goiter; and 4) differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid diseases.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of IKZF3 Gene and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: Associated with Graves’ Disease but Not with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1787-1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Xiaolian Ding ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Qiuming Yao ◽  
Xiaoqing Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Zinc Finger Protein ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

Background/Aims: The IKZF3 gene encodes a zinc-finger protein that plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), mainly include Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), are probably caused by the aberrant proliferation of B cells. The objective of this study was to explore the association between IKZF3 polymorphisms and AITDs. Methods: We examined 915 AITD patients (604 GD and 311 HT) and 814 healthy controls. IKZF3 variants (rs2941522, rs907091, rs1453559, rs12150079 and rs2872507) were tested by PCR-ligase detection reaction. Results: It was manifested that that the minor alleles of the five loci increased susceptibility to GD (p<0.05 for rs2941522, and p<0.01 for rs907091, rs1453559, rs12150079 and rs2872507) but in HT patients, these loci showed no significant difference compared with controls. Similarly, the genotype distributions of GD patients manifested obvious differences in all these loci compared with the control group, whereas no statistical differences were observed between HT patients and controls. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were used to analyze rs1453559, rs12150079 and rs907091. These variants were believed to be the transcription regulator. Conclusion: It is the first time we reported the association between the IKZF3 polymorphisms and GD, indicating that IKZF3 gene tends to bean important risk factor for the development of GD.

Analysis of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rydzewska ◽  
Justyna Michalak ◽  
Anna Bossowska ◽  
Shu Chen ◽  
Sarah Black ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibodies ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8Abs) together with glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADAbs), insulinoma antigen 2 autoantibodies (IA-2Abs) and insulin autoantibodies (IAbs) are markers of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We studied the prevalence of ZnT8Ab in children with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) to assess the association of AITDs and T1DM at the serological level. Methods The study groups consisted of 44 children with Graves’ disease (GD), 65 children with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), 199 children with T1DM with or without AITDs and 58 control children. ZnT8Ab, GADAb, IA-2Ab, IAb, 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies (21-OHAbs) and acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies (AChRAbs) were measured. Results ZnT8Abs were found in 4/44 (9.1%) patients with GD, and 4/44 (9.1%) patients with GD were positive for GADAb. Of the 65 HT patients, six (9.2%) were positive for ZnT8Ab, while four (6.2%) were positive for GADAb. In the T1DM group, 128/199 (64%) of the patients were positive for ZnT8Ab, 133/199 (67%) for GADAb and 109/199 (55%) for IA-2Ab. One GD patient and one HT patient were positive for all the four diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Two HT patients were positive for three diabetes autoantibodies. Two GD (4.5%) and five HT (7.7%) patients were positive for 21-OHAb only. None of the patients had AChRAb. In the control group, 2/58 (3.4%) were positive for GADAb and 2/58 (3.4%) were positive for ZnT8Ab. Conclusions Diabetes-associated autoantibodies including ZnT8Ab were found in children and adolescents with GD and HT.

The human anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibody repertoire in Graves' and Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroid diseases

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Chardès ◽  
Nicolas Chapal ◽  
Damien Bresson ◽  
Cédric Bès ◽  
Véronique Giudicelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

scholarly journals Imbalance of Th17/Treg in Different Subtypes of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Li ◽  
Jianghong Yuan ◽  
Yuan-feng Zhu ◽  
Xiang-ju Yang ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Foxp3 Mrna ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Th17 Lymphocytes

Aims: To clarify the imbalance of Th17/Treg in different subtypes of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) including Graves' disease(GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) and Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods: 47 patients with AITD (including 16 GD, 15 HT, and 16 GO) and 12 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The percentages of Th17 and Treg cells, the ratio of Th17/Treg, as well as their related transcription factors RORγt and Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured by flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR Results: Compared with those in control group, the percentage of CD4+IL-17+T cell(Th17) and the mRNA expression of its transcription factor RORγt were higher in PBMCs of AITDs (P<0.05), particularly in HT subgroup (P<0.01). The percentage of CD4+Foxp3+T (Treg) cells and its transcription factor Foxp3 mRNA were significantly decreased in PBMCs of GD (P<0.05). In addition, the ratio of Th17/Treg was elevated in AITD group and GO subgroup (P<0.01). In GO subgroup, the patients with clinical activity score (CAS) above 4.5 had higher percentages of Th17 than those with CAS ranging from 3 to 4.5 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Increased Th17 lymphocytes may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of HT and GO while decreased Treg may be greatly involved in GD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thyroid Abnormalities in Thai Patients with Vitiligo

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasanop Vachiramon ◽  
Sarawin Harnchoowong ◽  
Woranit Onprasert ◽  
Kumutnart Chanprapaph
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Thyroid Antibodies ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Thyroid Abnormalities ◽  
Serum Tsh

Background. Vitiligo is an acquired hypopigmentary disorder. The prevalence of vitiligo is 0.1–2% worldwide. Numerous autoimmune diseases are associated with vitiligo, including autoimmune thyroid diseases. The prevalence of thyroid abnormalities is up to 34% in vitiligo patients depending on ethnicities. Objective. This study aims to investigate thyroid abnormalities in Thai patients with vitiligo. Methods. Medical records of vitiligo patients attending outpatient dermatology clinic at a university-based hospital from 2012 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding vitiligo, clinical features, and autoimmune thyroid laboratory results were retrieved and analyzed. Results. Among 325 vitiligo patients identified, anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin were positive in 90 (27.7%) and 63 patients (19.4%), respectively. Positive thyroid antibody was associated with female gender (p<0.001) and vitiliginous hand lesions (p<0.02). Out of 197 patients with complete thyroid function test, the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) is 12.7%. Female, nonsegmental type, higher affected area, and the presence of leukotrichia are significantly associated with AITD in vitiligo patients. Conclusions. Prevalence of positive thyroid antibodies and AITD in Thai patients with vitiligo is compatible with previous studies around the world. Screening for AITD with thyroid antibodies and serum TSH is essential for vitiligo patients.

Longitudinal Associations Between TPO Gene Variants and TPOAb Seroconversion In A Population Based Study: Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Ghanooni ◽  
Azita Zadeh-Vakili ◽  
Boshra Rezvankhah ◽  
Somayeh Jafari Nodushan ◽  
Mahdi Akbarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Thyroid Antibodies ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Abstract Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are among the most common autoimmune diseases in the world. They are usually accompanied by the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies as the early predictive marker. Genetic determinants of the susceptibility to develop thyroid antibodies are still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the relation between thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene variants (53 SNPs) and positive TPOAb and also to evaluate the effect of some environmental factors on changes from negative to positive TPOAb (Seroconversion). Methods: Participants from the Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS) in phases 1 and 2 (N=5317, ≥ 20 years) were evaluated for the positive TPOAb and its relationship with 53 SNPs from TPO gene (a cross-sectional approach). At the second stage of the study (a longitudinal approach), negative TPOAb participants (control group, N= 4815) were followed up for about 5.5 (5.54±1.62) years until they have had positive results for TPOAb (“TPOAb seroconversion”). The association between TPO gene polymorphisms and TPOAb seroconversion was evaluated using logistic regression analysis and SKAT (sequence kernel association test) package. Results: In cross-sectional analyses, 17 SNPs were associated with TPOAb positivity (521 positive TPOAb participants) after the adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, the number of parity and oral contraceptive consumption (P <0.05). In longitudinal analyses, there was an association between TPOAb seroconversion and four SNPs before, and three SNPs after adjustment (P <0.05). Conclusions: TPOAb seroconversion could be affected by some thyroid peroxidase gene variants.

The role of hereditary and environmental factors in autoimmune thyroid diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (26) ◽  
pp. 1013-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Balázs
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorders affecting 5% to 10% of the population in Western countries. The clinical presentation varies from hyperthyroidism in Graves’ disease to hypothyroidism in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. While the exact etiology of thyroid autoimmunity is not known, the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors appears to be of fundamental importance to initiate the process of thyroid autoimmunity. The identified autoimmune thyroid disease susceptibility genes include immune-modulating genes, such as the major histocompatibility complex, and thyroid-specific genes, including TSH receptor, thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase. The majority of the anti-TSH-receptor antibodies have a stimulating capacity and are responsible for hyperthyroidism. The anti-thyroglobulin- and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies belonging to the catalytic type of antibodies destroy the thyrocytes resulting in hypothyroidism. The appearance of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies precedes the induction of thyroiditis and the manifestation of hypothyroidism. The molecular analysis of thyroglobulin gene polymorphism is important in the mechanism of autoimmune thyroiditis. The autoantigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex molecules is a key point of the autoimmune mechanism. It has been shown that a HLA-DR variant containing arginine at position 74 of the DRβ1 chain confers a strong genetic susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid diseases, Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, while glutamine at position DRβ1-74 is protective. Human thyroglobulin 2098 peptide represents a strong and specific DRβ1-Arg74 binder, while a non-binding control peptide, thyroglobulin 2766 fails to induce this response. Moreover, thyroglobulin 2098 stimulated T-cells from individuals who were positive for thyroglobulin antibodies, demonstrating that thyroglobulin 2098 is an immunogenic peptide capable of being presented in vivo and activating T-cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Taken together these findings suggest that thyroglobulin 2098, a strong and specific binder to the disease-associated HLA-DRβ1-Arg74, is a major human T-cell epitope and it participates in the pathomechanism of the autoimmune thyroid disease. The exact nature of the role of environmental factors in the autoimmune thyroid disease is still not well known, but the importance of several factors such as iodine, drugs and infections has been reported. Further knowledge of the precise mechanisms of interaction between environmental factors and genes in inducing thyroid autoimmunity could result in the development of new strategies for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1013–1022.

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