scholarly journals Modern problems of thyroidology

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Kandror
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Endocrine Diseases

Modern reports about molecular mechanisms of the effects of thyroid hormones and the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases are reviewed. The significance of fundamental studies in thyroidology for deciphering the pathogenesis of the most prevalent endocrine and other than endocrine diseases is emphasized.

scholarly journals The prevalence of autoimmune endocrine diseases in vitiligo patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
E. A. Troshina ◽  
V. A. Volnukhin ◽  
V. A. Petrov ◽  
N. F. Nuralieva ◽  
M. Yu. Yukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Autoimmune Pathology ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
History Of

Vitiligo is a common polygenic autoimmune disease in which the foci of depigmentation are formed on the skin and/or mucous membranes as a result of the death of melanocytes. There are several hypotheses for the pathogenesis of the disease, the leading role among them is played the autoimmune hypothesis. This review summarizes the available literature data on the prevalence and structure of comorbid endocrine autoimmune pathology in vitiligo patients. In most studies conducted in Europe, America and Asia the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (including autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves disease), diabetes mellitus and autoimmune adrenal insufficiency was higher in vitiligo patients than in the general population. The results of some studies indicate a frequent association of vitiligo with autoimmune polyglandular syndromes. In the structure of comorbid pathology the highest prevalence was in autoimmune thyroid diseases. A number of studies have established a higher prevalence of autoimmune endocrine diseases in women, as well as in nonsegmental vitiligo patients and in cases of family history of vitiligo and/or other autoimmune diseases. In addition, it was shown that the prevalence of endocrine diseases increases with increasing area of depigmentation. The data obtained justify the advisability of conducting a timely examination of vitiligo patients with the aim of early detection of comorbid diseases and the appointment of appropriate treatment. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of the identified associations on the course of vitiligo and comorbid endocrinopathies, as well as the effectiveness of therapy and the quality of life of patients.

The role of components of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in pathogenesis and serologic diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kiseleva ◽  
K. Mikhailopulo ◽  
O. Sviridov ◽  
G. Novik ◽  
Y. Knirel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Antigenic Properties

During recent years, researchers have been focusing on the concept of an infectious etiology of autoimmune diseases. The most discussed theory is molecular mimicry, i.e. the emergence of autoreactive clones of T- and B-lymphocytes as a result of cross-immune response to homologous bacterial or viral antigen. Information on the role of probiotic microorganisms (PM) in the molecular mechanisms of autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD) is limited. Using proteins and immunogenic peptides databanks and relevant computer programs, the homology between the amino acid sequences of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg), which are potential B- and T-cell epitopes of these antigens, and proteins of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli was established. Moreover, we have found components of cells of Bifidobacterium bifidum 791, Bifidobacterium adolescentis 94 BIM, Bifidobacterium longum B379M and Lactobacillus plantarum B-01 that selectively bind human antibodies to TPO (anti-TPO) and antibodies to Tg (anti-Tg) and compete with natural antigens for the binding of anti-TPO and anti-Tg in ELISA. Additionally, a three-fold difference was observed between the probability of detecting antibodies (Abs) to the antigens of L. plantarum B-01 and B. bifidum 791 in serum samples containing and those not containing anti-TPO. On the whole, our data are arguments in favour of the assumption of the possible role of PM of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in triggering ATD by the mechanism of molecular mimicry. The data obtained in silico and in vitro should be proven by use of animal models and clinical studies for extrapolations to the whole body. Possible antigenic properties of components/proteins of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, selectively binding anti-TPO and anti-Tg should be taken into consideration. Natural human Abs to these bacterial components are probably able to cross-react with the TPO and Tg in the ELISA for detection of anti-TPO and anti-Tg, which are serologic markers of ATD. It can lead to unspecific false positive results and, hence, to an incorrect diagnosis.

Roles of Thyroid Hormones, Mast Cells, and Inflammatory Mediators in the Initiation and Progression of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-726
Author(s):  
Victoria Vladimirovna Zdor ◽  
Boris Izraelivich Geltser ◽  
Marina Gennadiyevna Eliseikina ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Markelova ◽  
Yaakov Nikolayevich Tikhonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

Analysis of chosen polymorphisms in FoxP3 gene in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroid diseases

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Bossowski ◽  
Hanna Borysewicz-Sanczyk ◽  
Natalia Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek ◽  
Mieczyslaw Szalecki ◽  
Beata Wikiera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Foxp3 Gene ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid
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