scholarly journals Insulin loading and some hormonal metabolic parameters in patients with the hypothalamic syndrome

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Ye. I. Sokolov ◽  
A. P. Zayev ◽  
T. P. Khovanskaya ◽  
S. A. Zhizhina ◽  
S. V. Petrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Hypothalamic Syndrome ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insulin Test ◽  
Lactate Levels

Thirty-two men aged 18 to 28 with the hypothalamic syndrome and 64 age-matched healthy men were examined. Insulin test was carried out in 3 steps: before and 30 and 120 min after intravenous infusion of 0.15 U insulin per kg b.w. At all stages of insulin test, spirography parameters reflected the status of hypermetabolism connected with increased energy consumption and with a lesser efficacy of oxygen utilization. Measurements of hormones: ACTH, STH, and hydrocortisone in the blood and of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, and DOPA in the urine indicated a reduced regulatory function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal and sympathoadrenal systems in patients with the hypothalamic syndrome. Time course of IRI, glucose, pyruvate, and lactate levels in the blood plasma of patients with the hypothalamic syndrome was indicative of reduced insulin and glucose tolerance and of impaired utilization of glucose as an energy substrate.

scholarly journals Post hoc analysis of ellipsoid zone changes beyond the central subfield in symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion patients from the OASIS trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000648
Author(s):  
Swetha Bindu Velaga ◽  
Muneeswar Gupta Nittala ◽  
Michael S Ip ◽  
Luc Duchateau ◽  
SriniVas R Sadda
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Vitreomacular Adhesion ◽  
Ellipsoid Zone ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Phase Iiib ◽  
The Status ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

Background/aimsOASIS is a Phase IIIb trial (NCT01429441) assessing long-term outcomes in subjects with symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (VMA). The purpose of this study is to report on the frequency, severity, location and time course of ellipsoid zone (EZ) alterations in ocriplasmin-treated and sham control eyes in the OASIS study.Methods220 patients (146 ocriplasmin, 74 sham) subjects with VMA were enrolled in this masked post hoc analysis phase IIIb, randomised, sham-controlled double-masked multicentre clinical trial. A masked post hoc analysis of OCT images was performed at the Doheny Image Reading Center from subjects enrolled in the OASIS trial. The status of the EZ band was assessed in three different macular regions: the central subfield (CS) (≤1 mm diameter), the parafoveal area (PAA) (>1 to ≤3 mm) and the perifoveal area (PEA) (>3 to ≤6 mm). The EZ band was rated as normal/intact, full thickness macular hole (FTMH), abnormal but continuous, discontinuous/disrupted or absent at visits from baseline (pretreatment) to week 1 (day 7), month 1 (day 28), month 3, month 6, month 12 and the final follow-up at month 24. EZ band status was compared in both study and control eyes.ResultsA total of 208 patients (138 ocriplasmin, 70 sham) were included in this analysis. At baseline, FTMH was present in 48.6%, 8.0%, 0% and 52.8%, 2.9%, 0% in the CS, PAA and PEA of the ocriplasmin and sham groups, respectively. The EZ was graded to be abnormal but continuous, discontinuous/disrupted or absent at Baseline in 21.0%, 4.3%, 2.8% in the CS, PAA and PEA, respectively, of the ocriplasmin group; and 12.9%, 10.0%, 4.3% in the CS, PAA and PEA of the sham group. For the ocriplasmin group in the PAA, this frequency increased to 6.6% at week 1, was 9.8% at month 1, but improved to 3.8% at month 3, and remained stable to 1.6% at month 24. These differences, however, were not statistically significant.ConclusionsOcriplasmin treatment for symptomatic VMA was associated with EZ abnormalities in a small percentage of patients that was best assessed in regions (PEA) relatively unaffected by the VM interface disease at baseline. The EZ abnormalities were apparent by week 1, persisted at month 1, and appeared to resolve in the majority of cases by month 3.Trial registration numberNCT01429441

scholarly journals Analysis of Energy System in Norway with Focus on Energy Consumption Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hamlehdar ◽  
Alireza Aslani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
The Status

Abstract Today, the fossil fuels have dominant share of energy supply in order to respond to the high energy demand in the world. Norway is one of the countries with rich sources of fossil fuels and renewable energy sources. The current work is to investigate on the status of energy demand in Norway. First, energy and electricity consumption in various sectors, including industrial, residential are calculated. Then, energy demand in Norway is forecasted by using available tools. After that, the relationship between energy consumption in Norway with Basic economics parameters such as GDP, population and industry growth rate has determined by using linear regression model. Finally, the regression result shows a low correlation between variables.

scholarly journals Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources in Road Transport in EU Countries—TOPSIS Results

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7457
Author(s):  
Joanna Kisielińska ◽  
Monika Roman ◽  
Piotr Pietrzak ◽  
Michał Roman ◽  
Katarzyna Łukasiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Relative Closeness ◽  
The Status

The primary aim of this study was to assess and compare EU countries in terms of the use of renewable energy sources in road transport. The following research tasks were undertaken to realize this aim: (1) a review of the literature concerning the negative externalities in road transport, the concept of sustainable development, and legal regulations referring to the utilization of renewable energy sources; (2) presentation of changes in energy consumption (both traditional and renewable) in road transport in EU countries in the years 2008–2019; and (3) identification of leaders among the EU countries in terms of consumption of renewable energy sources in road transport. The aim and tasks were realized using the literature review and TOPSIS method as well as descriptive, tabular, and graphic methods. The analysis was conducted for 28 EU countries according to the status for 2019. The period of 2008–2019 was investigated. Sources of materials included literature on the subject and Eurostat data. Although renewable energy sources accounted for as little as 6% of total energy consumption in road transport in EU countries in 2019, this is a significant topical issue. It results from the direction in which changes need to be implemented in terms of energy generation in this area of human activity. It turned out that blended biodiesel and blended biogasoline were the most commonly used fuels originating from renewable sources. The application of the TOPSIS method resulted in the identification of five groups of EU member countries, which differed in terms of the degree of utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport. Luxemburg, Sweden, and Austria were leaders in this respect. In turn, Malta, Estonia, and Croatia were characterized by very low consumption of renewable energy. The greatest progress in the utilization of renewable energy sources in road transport was recorded in Sweden, Finland, and Bulgaria (changes in the relative closeness to the ideal solution from 0.15 to 0.27), while the greatest reduction in relation to other countries was observed in Austria, Germany, and Lithuania (changes from −0.35 to −0.22).

Energy Profiling of a Plant Factory and Energy Conservation Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Abdul Muin Shaari ◽  
Muhammad Syamim Mohd Razuan ◽  
Juntakan Taweekun ◽  
Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batcha ◽  
Kamil Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
The Status ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

Precision farming is one of the important areas to ensure food security by coping with climate change and increase farmer’s productivity. Plant factory is one of the aspects of precision farming and recently sought attention among modern farmers in Malaysia. While ensuring continuous supply of crops throughout the year with increased quality and yield, plant factories consume large amount of energy to maintain their micro-climatic condition. This paper presents the energy consumption profiling of a plant factory, owned by Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) in Serdang, Malaysia. This study is important to establish the status quo of consumption pattern of the plant factory towards reducing the energy consumption. Hence, energy audit was carried at the plant factory for duration of 2 weeks. From the audit it was found that the energy was distributed as follows: Air conditioning system - 51%, LED - 36%, pump - 3% and others - 10%. Finally, suitable energy conservation measures were proposed to reduce the energy intensity of the plant factory.

The effects of enforced activity on ventilation, circulation and blood acid-base balance in the semi-terrestrial anuran, Bufo marinus

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Author(s):  
D. G. McDonald ◽  
R. G. Boutilier ◽  
D. P. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Acid Base Disturbance ◽  
Base Disturbance

Strenuous exercise results in a marked blood acid-base disturbance which is accompanied by large increases in ventilation rate, heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Recovery to normal resting values follows an exponential time course with a half-time of approximately 2 h for all parameters except Pa, CO2 and ventilation rate. The latter return to normal by 30 min following the exercise period. Analysis reveals that there is initially a large discrepancy between the quantity of metabolic acids buffered in the blood and the blood lactate levels. The significance of this finding is discussed. Significant changes in the concentrations of chloride, bicarbonate and lactate, in both plasma and erythrocytes, accompany the blood acid-base disturbance. Chloride and bicarbonate appear to be passively distributed between the two compartments according to a Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium whereas lactate only slowly permeates the erythrocyte.

A Taxonomy of Green Information and Communication Protocols and Standards

2011 ◽  
pp. 364-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungwoo Ryoo ◽  
Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Green Ict

Due to increased awareness of human’s adverse effect on the environment, many new technologies to mitigate the environmental damage are under development. Although innovative, many of these technologies are often developed in isolation and consequently incompatible with each other. From the viewpoint of Systems Engineering, this presents an enormous challenge since compatibility among different elements of a system is crucial in achieving an optimal operational state that minimizes energy consumption. Therefore, standardization in the form of protocols is a key to accomplishing the goal of green Information and Communication Technology (ICT). In this chapter, the authors examine the existing green ICT technologies and their protocols to identify both obvious and subtle strengths and weaknesses. Particularly, the authors scrutinize the interoperability of the existing green ICT protocols and provide insights on how to improve the status quo. In addition, information on emerging governing bodies of green ICT protocols is provided.

Time Course of Vestibuloocular Reflex Suppression During Gaze Shifts

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 3408-3422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Cullen ◽  
Marko Huterer ◽  
Danielle A. Braidwood ◽  
Pierre A. Sylvestre
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Gaze Shifts ◽  
Absolute Level ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The Status

Although numerous investigations have probed the status of the vestibuloocular (VOR) during gaze shifts, its exact status remains strangely elusive. The goal of the present study was to precisely evaluate the dynamics of VOR suppression immediately before, throughout, and just after gaze shifts. A torque motor was used to apply rapid (100°/s), short-duration (20–30 ms) horizontal head perturbations in three Rhesus monkeys. The status of the VOR elicited by this transient head perturbation was first compared during 15, 40, and 60° gaze shifts. The level of VOR suppression just after gaze-shift onset (40 ms) increased with gaze-shift amplitude in two monkeys, approaching values of 80 and 35%. In contrast, in the third monkey, the VOR was not significantly attenuated for all gaze-shift amplitudes. The time course of VOR attenuation was then studied in greater detail for all three monkeys by imposing the same short-duration head perturbations 40, 100, and 150 ms after the onset of 60° gaze shifts. Overall we found a consistent trend, in which VOR suppression was maximal early in the gaze shift and progressively recovered to reach normal values near gaze-shift end. However, the high variability across subjects prevented establishing a unifying description of the absolute level and time course of VOR suppression during gaze shifts. We propose that differences in behavioral strategies may account, at least in part, for these differences between subjects.

scholarly journals Energy Use Efficiency Past-to-Future Evaluation: An International Comparison

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Nan Wang ◽  
Thi-Duong Nguyen ◽  
Min-Chun Yu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Energy Efficiency Evaluation

Despite the many benefits that energy consumption brings to the economy, consuming energy also leads nations to expend more resources on environmental pollution. Therefore, energy efficiency has been proposed as a solution to improve national economic competitiveness and sustainability. However, the growth in energy demand is accelerating while policy efforts to boost energy efficiency are slowing. To solve this problem, the efficiency gains in countries where energy consumption efficiency is of the greatest concern such as China, India, the United States, and Europe, especially, emerging economies, is central. Additionally, governments must take greater policy actions. Therefore, this paper studied 25 countries from Asia, the Americas, and Europe to develop a method combining the grey method (GM) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) slack-based measure model (SMB) to measure and forecast the energy efficiency, so that detailed energy efficiency evaluation can be made from the past to the future; moreover, this method can be extended to more countries around the world. The results of this study reveal that European countries have a higher energy efficiency than countries in Americas (except the United States) and Asian countries. Our findings also show that an excess of total energy consumption is the main reason causing the energy inefficiency in most countries. This study contributes to policymaking and strategy makers by sharing the understanding of the status of energy efficiency and providing insights for the future.

scholarly journals Cerebral Vascular Volume after Repeated Ischemic Insults in the Gerbil: Comparison with Changes in CBF and Brain Edema

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Pluta ◽  
Shuichi Tomida ◽  
Junichi Ikeda ◽  
Thaddeus S. Nowak ◽  
Igor Klatzo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Postischemic Recirculation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Distribution Spaces

The time course of changes in cerebral intravascular volume was evaluated during 24 h following a series of three 5-min carotid artery occlusions spaced at 1-h intervals and compared with the changes occurring after single 5- or 15-min occlusions. Quantitative estimates of cerebral red cell volume, plasma volume, and total blood volume were obtained from the distribution spaces of 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes and 125I-albumin infused prior to killing at varied recirculation intervals. Significant reductions in vascular volume occurred in all ischemic brain regions within 1 h following a single 5-min occlusion, which recovered to control values within 6 h. A similar time course was seen after repeated occlusions. The reductions in volume remained significant at 6 h after a single 15-min occlusion, but there was no difference from control by 24 h. Thus, the time course of total vascular volume correlates well with that of CBF changes previously described, and both blood flow and blood volume are at normal levels during the time of severe edema 24 h after repeated occlusions. Calculated cerebral hematocrit was 60–70% of that obtained from the femoral artery, but was identical in all brain regions and was constant throughout the postischemic recirculation period, with the exception of a transient reduction in both peripheral and cerebral hematocrit observed at 6-h recirculation following single 15-min occlusions. These results suggest that changes in CBF and blood volume reflect primarily the status of larger vessels and that values in the normal range may be observed even under conditions of severe edema and impaired perfusion at the capillary level.

Research and Discussion on Energy-Saving of Existing Buildings in Northwest of Liaoning Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Ya Jun Wu ◽  
Yu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

Abstract. In view of the status of existing buildings in northwest of Liaoning, most of which are lack of energy-saving practices and appear poor comfort, this paper starts from the energy saving concept, aims at figuring out the energy saving measures for cold regions, such as northwest of Liaoning province. The research includes analyzing energy-saving methods, steps and initiatives. Based on these, this paper also proposes specific technical practices to overcome the shortcomings of the existing buildings on energy conservation, and gives advices on how to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of people’s living and working environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document