scholarly journals Treatment of uncomplicated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (lecture)

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A. V. Dreval`
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Type II diabetes mellitus, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a common endocrine disease, it affects up to 5-10% of the population aged 60-70 years, the frequency of NIDDM increases rapidly in individuals over 40, although it can occur at an earlier age. Mortality among patients with NIDDM is approximately 2 times higher than among people without diabetes. In particular, in patients with NIDDM under the age of 50 years, life expectancy is reduced by 5-10 years. Moreover, the life expectancy of women is less than that of men, but this difference disappears with age. The main cause of death with NIDDM is cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the prognosis of the disease depends not only on the degree of normalization of metabolism, but also on the effectiveness of the treatment of such often concomitant NIDDM conditions as hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, as well as the elimination of bad habits, in particular smoking.

Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Type II Diabetes Mellitus with and without Complications

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjini K. Sundaram ◽  
Anusha Bhaskar ◽  
Selvamani Vijayalingam ◽  
Moopil Viswanathan ◽  
Rema Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent

1. This study was conducted on 467 cases of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 180 healthy controls. Lipid peroxidation products in plasma and erythrocytes were assayed as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, along with the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, scavenger vitamins A, C and E and reduced glutathione levels in blood were also measured. 2. Lipid peroxidation was significantly raised within the first 2 years of diagnosis, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and vitamins C and E were significantly lowered. 3. These changes were correlated with the duration of the disease and were of a higher magnitude with the development of complications. 4. The results suggest that the antioxidant deficiency and excessive peroxide-mediated damage may appear early on in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, before the development of secondary complications.

Elevated Circulating P-Selectin in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Jilma ◽  
Peter Fasching ◽  
Christine Ruthner ◽  
Anna Rumplmayr ◽  
Sabine Ruzicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Median Plasma ◽  
Insulin Dependent

SummaryBased on findings that showed increased P-selectin expression on platelets and on choroidal microvessels of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we hypothesized that also plasma concentrations of circulating (c)P-selectin would be increased in these patients.The aim of this study was to compare the plasma levels of cP-selec-tin between non-smoking patients with IDDM, treated with an intensified insulin therapy, and healthy controls. The study design was prospective, cross-sectional and analyst-blinded. Subjects were matched individually for sex, age and body mass index. Plasma levels of cP-selectin and of von Willebrand antigen (vWF-Ag) were determined by enzyme linked immunoassays.Forty-two pairs were available for intergroup comparison. Median plasma concentrations of cP-selectin in patients with IDDM (285 ng/ml; interquartile range: 233-372) were on average 21% higher than those of controls (236 ng/ml; interquartile range: 175-296; p = 0.004). Also, median plasma levels of vWF-Ag were 10% higher in patients (96 U/dl; interquartile range: 82-127) than controls (87 U/dl; interquartile range: 70-104; p = 0.025). There was no correlation between plasma concentrations of cP-selectin and vWF-Ag levels in either group (p ώ0.05).In conclusion, our results of increased cP-selectin levels are in line with increased P-selectin expression on platelets and on choroidal microvessels found in patients with IDDM. In view of the currently developed small molecule inhibitors of cell adhesion molecules, these independent observations together may provide a sound rationale to select P-selectin as a target for treating or preventing IDDM-associated micro- or macrovascular complications.

Autoimmunity to insulin, beta cell dysfunction, and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srikanta ◽  
A. T. Ricker ◽  
D. K. McCulloch ◽  
J. S. Soeldner ◽  
G. S. Eisenbarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Insulin Dependent
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