scholarly journals Immunological aspects of papillary thyroid cancer. What's new?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Troshina ◽  
Maria A. Terekhova ◽  
Ravida R. Akhmatova
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Endocrine Tumors ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
The Common ◽  
Complex Relationships

Studying of the common links of pathogenesis of endocrine, autoimmune and oncological diseases is the area of interest of researchers from all countries of the world. Comprehension of artificially created mutual influences of molecular-genetic, immune factors that underlie the development and progression of endocrine tumors, primarily thyroid cancer, is important for creation and application of innovative treatment methods in oncoendocrinology.Today, the question of considering autoimmune diseases as a potential cause of oncological processes or on the contrary to consider them as protective conditions in some types of malignant tumors, remains controversial.In particular, autoimmune thyropathies and papillary thyroid cancer is an interesting model for studying these complex relationships. . The purpose of this article is to discuss accumulated experience, review the literature devoted to the study of immunological aspects in the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid cancer, reconsider obtained material and form a conclusion.

Molecular genetic factors in the development of papillary thyroid cancer in the Kazakh population

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Zhaksimanovna Espenbetova ◽  
Natalya Egorovna Glushkova ◽  
Ainur Serikovna Krykpayeva
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Kazakh Population ◽  
Control Study

Introduction. In the last decade several population studies on the association of the genes NKX2-1 and FOXE1 with sporadic papillary thyroid cancer were conducted. In the Kazakh population of similar work to date were not conducted. The aim of this study was to study the genetic association of the FOXE1 (rs9655313) and NKX2-1 (rs944289) oncomarkers with papillary thyroid cancer in the Kazakh population. Materials and methods. We conducted a case-control study that allows us to retrospectively evaluate the association of NKX2-1 and FOXE1 genes and papillary thyroid cancer. Results. The frequency distribution of FOXE1 rs965513 polymorphism in the group of papillary thyroid cancer and the control group detected by healthy individuals was significantly different (χ2 = 100.09, D.f. = 2, p = 0.000). In the group of cases, the AA genotype (17.5%) was in three times more often compared with the control group (5.1%). The GG variant had a lower frequency in the group of persons of papillary thyroid cancer (37.9%) against the control group (61.4%), the odds ratio (OR) in the FOXE1 rs965513 group was 2.367. The distribution of the NKX2-1 (rs944289) polymorphism frequencies in the compared groups of values were significantly different (χ2 = 100.09, D.f. = 2, p = 0.000). In the group of cases, the genotype of TT (30.5%) against the control group (20.7%) was 1.5 times more common. The SS variant had a lower frequency of occurrence in the group of persons of papillary thyroid cancer (19.8%) against the control group (28.9%), OR in NKX2-1 (rs944289) group was 1.46. Conclusion. Carrying out screening for carriers of FOXE1 rs965513 and NKX2-1 (rs944289) can become an effective means of early diagnosis with a high frequency of its spread and associations with cases of papillary thyroid cancer in the Kazakh population.

scholarly journals A clinical case of hereditary papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with a germline DICER1 gene mutation

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-324
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Babinskaya ◽  
Natalia Yu. Kalinchenko ◽  
Alexey A. Ilyin ◽  
Natalia V. Severskaya ◽  
Irina V. Chebotareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Premature Stop Codon ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Reading Frame

Here, we report a clinical case of isolated papillary thyroid cancer associated with a germline DICER1 gene mutation in a boy and his father. The father underwent surgery for a euthyroid multinodular goiter at the age of 7 and 9 years. On examination at the age of 27 years, he was diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer. At the age of 7 years, the boy was suspected of having a multinodular goiter (based on thyroid ultrasonography findings); he underwent total thyroidectomy. A histological examination of the surgical material revealed encapsulated papillary carcinoma. Neither boy nor his father had been exposed to radiation or chemotherapy before the diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer. To clarify the etiology of disease, a molecular genetic testing was performed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The proband and his parent had a heterozygous thymine deletion in the exon 4 at position 380, which led to a shift in the reading frame with the formation of a premature stop codon (c.380delT p.L127QfsX3).

scholarly journals circFAT1(e2) Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion via the miRNA-873/ZEB1 Axis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jiazhe Liu ◽  
Hongchang Li ◽  
Chuanchao Wei ◽  
Junbin Ding ◽  
Jingfeng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Exon 2

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an extremely important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of various malignant tumors including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). circFAT1(e2) is a new type of circRNA derived from exon 2 of the FAT1 gene, which is distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of PTC cells. However, so far, the role of circFAT1(e2) in PTC is still unclear. In this study, circFAT1(e2) was found to be highly expressed in PTC cell lines and tissues. circFAT1(e2) knockdown suppressed PTC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Also, circFAT1(e2) acted as a sponge for potential microRNAs (miRNAs) to modulate cancer progression. A potential miRNA target was discovered to be miR-873 which was targeted by circFAT1(e2) in PTC. The dual-luciferase assay conducted later also confirmed that there was indeed a direct interaction between circFAT1(e2) and miR-873. This study also confirmed that circFAT1(e2) inhibited the miR-873 expression and thus promoted the ZEB1 expression, thus affecting the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of PTC cells. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that circFAT1(e2) played a carcinogenic role by targeting the miR-873/ZEB1 axis to promote PTC invasion and metastasis, which might become a potential novel target for therapy of PTC.

scholarly journals Prognostic possibilities of molecular genetic testing for assessing the risk of recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-517
Author(s):  
S Sergiiko ◽  
Sergei Lukianov ◽  
Sergey Titov ◽  
Iuliia Veriaskina ◽  
Anatolii Romanchishen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Braf Mutation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Testing ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
New Criteria ◽  
Cancer In Children

The assessment of aggressiveness and risk of death in papillary thyroid cancer in children is currently based on clinical criteria. To ensure a more accurate risk stratification, new criteria and various molecular genetic markers are constantly being sought. The article studied the dependence of the clinical and pathological manifestations of papillary thyroid cancer in children on the level of expression of various microRNAs and the presence of the BRAF mutation. It was found that the BRAF mutation was present in 20.4% of cases, while the dependence of the clinical behavior of cancer on the BRAF mutation was not established. Of the 14 microRNAs studied, statistical differences were obtained for oncogenic miR-146b, -221, -31, and oncosuppressive miR-144, which correlated with signs such as extrathyroid tumor growth, multi-focus, and metastasis to the neck lymph nodes.

scholarly journals Are Bethesda III Thyroid Nodules More Aggressive than Bethesda IV Thyroid Nodules When Found to Be Malignant?

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2563
Author(s):  
Sena Turkdogan ◽  
Marc Pusztaszeri ◽  
Veronique-Isabelle Forest ◽  
Michael P. Hier ◽  
Richard J. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Genetic Test Results

The Bethesda classification system for thyroid fine needle aspirate (FNA) is used to predict the risk of malignancy and to guide the management of thyroid nodules. We postulated that thyroid malignancies characterized as Bethesda III on FNA have more aggressive features than those classified as Bethesda IV. A retrospective chart review was performed to identify those who underwent thyroid surgery at a single tertiary hospital setting between 2015 and 2020. Associations between Bethesda category, molecular genetic test results, and histopathologic findings were examined. Out of 628 surgeries that were performed, 199 (54.2%) Bethesda III nodules and 216 (82.8%) Bethesda IV nodules were malignant. Of those that were malignant, 37 (18.6%) and 22 (10.2%) Bethesda III and Bethesda IV nodules showed aggressive features, respectively (p value = 0.014). There was a proportionally increased number of aggressive features in extra-thyroidal extension, lymph nodes metastasis, and all aggressive subtypes of papillary thyroid cancer in the Bethesda III category. Although Bethesda IV nodules are much more likely to be malignant (p value = 0.002), our study suggests that Bethesda III nodules that are resected are more likely to have aggressive features than Bethesda IV nodules, with a statistically significant increase in the solid variant of papillary thyroid cancer and lymph node metastasis.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNA HOXA-AS2 Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-520c-3p/S100A4 Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1659-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fada Xia ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Xin Du ◽  
Yao Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Assay ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Endocrine Tumors ◽  
Reporter Assay ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Online Programs

Background/Aims: Thyroid cancer is one of the most prevalent endocrine tumors. The present study examined the effects of lncRNA HOXA cluster antisense RNA2 (HOXA-AS2) on the progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect HOXA-AS2, miR-520c-3p and S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) expression. Furthermore, the effects of HOXA-AS2 silencing and overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed in PTC in vitro by CCK8 and transwell assay. Furthermore, bioinformatics online programs predicted and luciferase reporter assay were used to validate the association of HOXA-AS2 and miR-520c-3p in PTC. Results: We observed that HOXA-AS2 was up-regulated in PTC tissues. In vitro experiments revealed that HOXA-AS2 knockdown significantly inhibited cell growth in PTC in vitro and in vivo. Further functional assays indicated that HOXA-AS2 significantly promoted PTC cell migration and invasion by promoting EMT. Bioinformatics online programs predicted that HOXA-AS2 sponge miR-520c-3p at 3’-UTR with complementary binding sites, which was validated using luciferase reporter assay. HOXA-AS2 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-520c-3p in PTC cells. MiR-520c-3p was down-regulated in PTC tissues, and S100A4 was predicted as a downstream target of miR-520c-3p, which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Conclusion: In summary, our results suggested that the HOXA-AS2/miR-520c-3p/S100A4 axis may play an important role in the regulation of PTC progression, which provides us with new insights into understanding the PTC.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BRAF MUTATION ON CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. A. Lukyanov ◽  
S. V. Sergiyko ◽  
S. E. Titov ◽  
G. O. Shcherbakov
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Braf Mutation ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Stratifications of the risk of recurrence and mortality in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) are currently based on clinical criteria. In order to provide a more accurate assessment of the risk of relapse, new criteria, such as molecular genetic markers, are constantly being sought. The most studied of these markers is the BRAF mutation. The aim of the work was to study the dependence of clinical and pathological manifestations of papillary thyroid cancer on the presence of a BRAF mutation. The retrospective study included 212 patients with PTC. The dependence of the BRAF mutation on the patient’s gender, age, multifocality, presence of regional and remote metastases, extrathyroid invasion, clinical stage, and risk of relapse was studied. A single tumor was found in 196 (92.4%) cases, and a multifocal one in 16 (7.6%). Macroscopic extrathyroid invasion was observed in 80 (37.7%) patients. Metastases in regional lymph nodes were found in 83 (39.2%) patients, in 12 (5.7%) cases, the presence of distant metastases was detected. It was found that the BRAF mutation was present in 128 (60.4%) patients. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of the mutation and clinical and pathological manifestations of PTC, except for age. The incidence of the BRAF mutation in patients with PTC in young, middle, elderly and senile age was 3.8-35 times higher than in children and young men. It was found that the frequency of detection of the BRAF mutation increases with the age of the patient and has a linear relationship. It was concluded that the BRAF mutation can’t be used as an isolated marker of aggressive flow and a criterion indicating an increased risk of relapse of PTC.

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