scholarly journals Evaluation of fixed dose combination of glimepiride and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of Russian observational study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Natalya Vladislavovna Zaytseva ◽  
Ivona Renata Jarek-Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Metformin Therapy ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Aim. To investigate the efficacy and safety of combined glimepiride and metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and methods. A multi-centre, open-label, prospective, observational study was conducted. A total of 1200 patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin, glimepiride or combination of metformin + glimepiride were enrolled. Change in serum glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial blood glucose (PPG) levels; weight; waist circumference and hypoglycemic episodes were evaluated. Results. Baseline HbA1c levels (8.24% ? 0.42%) were significantly reduced after 12 weeks of treatment (7.48% ? 0.48%) and at the end of the study. (6.88% ? 0.56%). Target HbA1c levels (?7%) were achieved in 65.1% of patients at the final visit at 24 weeks. FPG and PPG levels decreased by 1.45 ? 1.14 mmol/l and 2.17 ? 1.27 mmol/l respectively (p < 0.001). No severe hypoglycemic events were reported. Body mass index reduced by 0.85 ? 1.28 kg/m2 (p < 0.001). Conclusion. . Combined glimepiride and metformin therapy significantly improved long-term glycemic control in patients with T2DM during the period of 24 weeks. without additional risk of hypoglycemic events or weight gain.

scholarly journals The Effects of Almonds on Gut Microbiota, Glycometabolism, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3377
Author(s):  
Omorogieva Ojo ◽  
Xiao-Hua Wang ◽  
Osarhumwese Osaretin Ojo ◽  
Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose

The use of nutritional interventions for managing diabetes is one of the effective strategies aimed at reducing the global prevalence of the condition, which is on the rise. Almonds are the most consumed tree nut and they are known to be rich sources of protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, essential minerals, and dietary fibre. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of almonds on gut microbiota, glycometabolism, and inflammatory parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA). EBSCOhost, which encompasses the Health Sciences Research Databases; Google Scholar; EMBASE; and the reference lists of articles were searched based on population, intervention, control, outcome, and study (PICOS) framework. Searches were carried out from database inception until 1 August 2021 based on medical subject headings (MesH) and synonyms. The meta-analysis was carried out with the Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software. Results: Nine randomised studies were included in the systematic review and eight were used for the meta-analysis. The results would suggest that almond-based diets have significant effects in promoting the growth of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota. Furthermore, the meta-analysis showed that almond-based diets were effective in significantly lowering (p < 0.05) glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and body mass index (BMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it was also found that the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) in relation to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Tumour necrosis factor α, TNF-α), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA–IR), and fasting insulin. The biological mechanisms responsible for the outcomes observed in this review in relation to reduction in HbA1c and BMI may be based on the nutrient composition of almonds and the biological effects, including the high fibre content and the low glycaemic index profile. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis have shown that almond-based diets may be effective in promoting short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and lowering glycated haemoglobin and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with control. However, the effects of almonds were not significant (p > 0.05) with respect to fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and TNF-α), GLP-1, HOMA–IR, and fasting insulin.

scholarly journals Metformin adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes and its association with glycated haemoglobin levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Chepulis ◽  
Christopher Mayo ◽  
Brittany Morison ◽  
Rawiri Keenan ◽  
Chunhuan Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Medication Possession Ratio ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Prescription ◽  
System Issue ◽  
Dispensing Data ◽  
Hba1c Levels

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONMetformin is the initial medication of choice for most patients with type 2 diabetes. Non-adherence results in poorer glycaemic control and increased risk of complications. AIMThe aim of this study was to characterise metformin adherence and association with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODSPrescription and dispensing data were used for this study. Primary care clinical and demographic data were collected from 10 general practices (October 2016–March 2018) and linked to pharmaceutical dispensing information. Metformin adherence was initially measured by calculating the proportion of patients who had optimal medication cover for at least 80% of days (defined as a medication possession ratio (MPR) of ≥0.8), calculated using dispensing data. Prescription adherence was assessed by comparing prescription and dispensing data. The association between non-adherence (MPR &lt;0.8) and HbA1c levels was also assessed. RESULTSOf the 1595 patients with ≥2 metformin prescriptions, the mean MPR was 0.87. Fewer Māori had an MPR ≥0.8 than New Zealand European (63.8% vs. 81.2%). Similarly, Māori received fewer metformin prescriptions (P=0.02), although prescription adherence did not differ by ethnicity. Prescription adherence was lower in younger patients (P=0.002). Mean HbA1c levels were reduced by 4.8 and 5.0mmol/mol, respectively, in all and Māori patients with an MPR ≥0.8. Total prescription adherence reduced HbA1c by 3.2mmol/mol (all P&lt;0.01). DISCUSSIONEthnic disparity exists for metformin prescribing, leading to an overall reduction in metformin coverage for Māori patients. This needs to be explored further, including understanding whether this is a patient preference or health system issue.

scholarly journals Once daily versus twice daily Linagliptin effect on glycemic levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus- an observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4403
Author(s):  
Riyaz Mohammed ◽  
Mohammed Azfar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: DPP-4 is widely distributed in endothelial cells, pancreas, uterus, liver, salivary glands, lymph node, spleen, and thymus. DPP-4 regulates glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, and glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide (GIP) which leads to glucose homeostasis via enhancing insulin secretion and suppression of glucagon, which results in control of post-prandial and fasting hyperglycemia.Methods: These 40 patients who were enrolled as per the inclusion criteria of receiving metformin dosage of 2 gram per day in established type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with no comorbidities. these patients were divided randomly into two groups comprising of 20 patients each, group A received linagliptin 5 mg per day in addition to metformin 1gm twice daily whereas group B received linagliptin 5 mg per day in a fixed dose (Linagliptin + metformin) of 2.5/1000 twice daily.Results: In the present observational study, the mean age in group A was 46.7±9.4 compared to 51.65±9.9 in group B, p >0.05, mean BMI in group A was 27.8±1.1 compared to 27.28±0.93 in group B p >0.05, Mean FBS in group A was 157.9±24.1 compared to 146.2±21.8 in group B p >0.05, Mean PPBS in group A was 245.8±32.7 compared to 246.2±39.3 in group B p >0.05 and Mean HbA1c in group A was 7.67±0.58 compared to 7.6±0.5 in group B p >0.05. Group A patients were initiated on once daily linagliptin, there was a significant reduction in FBS, PPBS and HbA1c at the end of 6 months p <0.001. Similarly, Group B patients who were initiated on twice daily linagliptin also showed a significant reduction in FBS, PPBS and HbA1c at the end of 6 months p <0.001.Conclusions: The addition of linagliptin to metformin treatment was effective and well tolerated in patients with type 2 diabetes. Linagliptin add-on to metformin during the early course of treatment helps in delaying the exhaustion of pancreatic islet function. Plasma concentrations of linagliptin decline in at least a biphasic manner with a long terminal half-life (>100 hours), related to the saturable binding of linagliptin to DPP-4. The prolonged elimination phase does not contribute to the accumulation of the drug. Addition of linagliptin to metformin has shown a significant reduction in FBS, PPBS and HbA1c.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of glimepiride as initial treatment in Russian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeevich Ametov ◽  
Fatima Totrazovna Abaeva
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Baseline Hba1c ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Attending Physician

Aim.  To investigate the efficacy and safety of glimepiride as initial mono-therapy in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM). Materials and Methods. This is a multi-center, open-label prospective observational study. 245 treatment-naive T2DM patients, who had not achieved glycemic goals on lifestyle therapy during first 12 weeks after the diagnosis, were enrolled in this study. Anti-diabetes treatment was initiated with glimepiride and continued during the 6-month follow-up period. Prescription of the initial dose (1 mg per day) and further dose adjustments were carried out by the attending physician in accordance with the glimepiride data sheet. Dynamics of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPPG), weight and waist circumference, as well as the incidence of hypoglycemia were the evaluated parameters. Results. The baseline HbA1c (mean: 7.9?0.5%; female: 7.8?0.4% ; male: 8.0?0.6%) was significantly reduced at week 12 (mean 7.2?0.6%, p

scholarly journals Coping strategies in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes patients using insulin: the relationship with emotional well-being and glycaemic control

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Motovilin ◽  
Shishkova Y. Andreevna ◽  
Elena V. Surkova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background. Over the long disease course of diabetes mellitus (DM), with its demands in terms of everyday self-management of the disease, individual psychological characteristics may be associated with both emotional well-being (WB) and glycaemic control. The former includes various types of coping strategies (CSs) of the patients, which comprise the common ways for patients to overcome difficult situations.Aim. To study the relationships between CS and both glycaemic control and emotional WB in patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with insulin.Materials and methods. The study included 84 patients with T1D and 56 patients with insulin-treated T2D [age, 22.5 ± 3.3 and 61.0 ± 8.9 years; men/women, 29/55 and 11/45; duration of DM, 11.9 ± 5.36 and 11.6 ± 6.2 years and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), 9.1% ± 2.2% and 9.0% ± 1.4%, respectively]. The HbA1c levels were determined in all patients. The Strategic Approach to Coping Scale constructed by S. Hobfoll was used to study CS, and emotional WB was assessed based on the severity of anxiety and depression. Further, we used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory developed by C.D. Spielberger and adapted by Y.L. Khanin and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Only Russian validated versions of the questionnaires were used in the study.Results. In both groups of patients, ‘Assertive (Persistent) Actions’ was positively associated with emotional WB. In patients with T2D, WB increases when using ‘Cautious Action’ and ‘Social Joining’. The deterioration of emotional WB was associated with ‘Aggressive Actions’ in both groups of patients. In patients with T1D, negative WB was also associated with ‘Avoidance’, while in patients with T2D, negative WB was associated with ‘Instinctive Actions’. In patients with T1D, ‘Instinctive Action’ was associated with higher HbA1c levels. In patients with T2D, ‘Cautious Action’, ‘Avoidance’ and ‘Antisocial Action’ were associated with lower HbA1c levels.Conclusion. In patients with T1D and T2D, CSs are associated with both emotional WB and glycaemic control. Emotional WB and lower HbA1c levels are associated with ‘Assertive Action’, ‘Cautious Action’, ‘Avoidance’ and ‘Asocial Action’. Negative WB and higher HbA1c levels are associated with ‘Aggressive Action’ and ‘Instinctive Action’.

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