scholarly journals GCK-MODY diabetes course in persons over 18 years of age: prospective observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
A. K. Ovsyannikova ◽  
E. V. Shakhtshneider ◽  
D. E. Ivanoshchuk ◽  
M. I. Voevoda ◽  
O. D. Rymar
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Most young patients with hyperglycemia have type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes but up to 10% of all cases of the disease occur in MODY (Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young). Published abstracts show features of the debut, laboratory and genetic characteristics of MODY in the Russian population. However there is a small amount of data on the clinical course of this nosology in the Russian Federation.Aim: To investigate the characteristics of the 3-year course of GCK-MODY diagnosed after 18 years.Materials and methods: 85 probands and 46 relatives of the first and second degrees of kinship with a clinical diagnosis of GCK-MODY were examined: biochemical and hormonal blood tests, ultrasound, molecular genetic studies. Patients were invited for a follow-up visit 3 years after verification of the pathogenic mutations associated with GCK-MODY. Examination, biochemical and hormonalanalyzes , ultrasound were done in second visit.Results: The diagnosis GCK-MODY was verified by a molecular genetic study in 25 probands (29.4%). In 33 of 46 (71.7%) relatives of patients with GCK-MODY were diagnosed identical mutations. In 31 patients with GCK-MODY diagnosed after 18 years, a dynamic observation was performed for three years. Most patients over 18 years of age did not have clinical manifestations of carbohydrate metabolism disorders when diagnosing GCK-MODY and follow up visit. Skin rashes and allergic reactions prevailed among concomitant pathologies. Patients with GCK-MODY had preserved β-cell secretion, HbA1c targets were achieved. Low fasting hyperglycemia prevailed which persisted even after treatment correction. Among the characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism, biochemical, lipid and hormonal parameters during GCK-MODY verification and after three years of observation no significant differences were obtained, which indicates a stable course of the disease. Half of the patients achieved normoglycemia by rational nutrition, two people with GCK-MODY within three years after determining the diagnosis were transferred from insulin therapy to oral glucose-lowering drugs. Among oral glucose-lowering drugs prior to GCK-MODY verification most patients used metformin, 3 years later — dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors.Conclusion. The results of a three-year follow-up of a group of patients with GCK-MODY demonstrate a non-progressive course of this type of diabetes with stable indicators of carbohydrate metabolism and low fasting hyperglycemia that persists after 3 years of observation. With the verification of GCK-MODY and the achievement of the target values of glycated hemoglobin and postprandial glycaemia by rational nutrition, even if a low level of fasting hyperglycemia is determined, the prescription of oral glucose-lowering drugs is not indicated in most cases.

scholarly journals MODY in Siberia – molecular genetics and clinical characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Alla Konstantinovna Ovsyannikova ◽  
Oksana Dmitrievna Rymar ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shakhtshneider ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Voropaeva ◽  
Dinara Evgenevna Ivanoshchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents ◽  
Monogenic Forms Of Diabetes

The diagnosis of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) has high clinical significance in young patients (no absolute need for exogenous insulin; normoglycaemia in most patients achieved by dieting or taking oral hypoglycaemic agents) and their relatives (high probability of first-degree relatives being carriers of mutations, which requires a thorough collection of family history and determination of the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism). Aim. This study aimed was to determine the clinical characteristics of different subtypes of MODY in a Siberian region. Materials and Methods. We performed an examination, biochemical and hormonal blood tests, ultrasound and molecular genetic testing of 20 patients with a clinical diagnosis of MODY. Results. Four subtypes of MODY were verified: MODY2 in 11 patients, MODY3 in two, MODY8 in one and MODY12 in two. Eleven patients (69%) exhibited no clinical manifestations of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and one patient showed weight loss during early stage of the disease. Comorbidities included dyslipidemia, thyroid gland disorders and arterial hypertension. One patient (6%) exhibited diabetic nephropathy; two (13%), diabetic retinopathy and three (19%), peripheral neuropathy of lower legs. All patients achieved the target carbohydrate metabolism; the level of C-peptide was within the reference range. Conclusion. Four different subtypes of MODY (2, 3, 8, 12) were diagnosed in the present study, which differed in their clinical characteristics, presence of complications and treatment strategies. Our knowledge of monogenic forms of diabetes is expanding with the development in molecular genetics, but several aspects related to them require further study.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of rare pathogenic variants of the CFTR gene in Russian patients with cystic fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Voronkova ◽  
Yu. L. Melyanovskaya ◽  
N. V. Petrova ◽  
T. A. Adyan ◽  
E. K. Zhekaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cftr Gene ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Missense Variants ◽  
Pathogenic Variants

The variety of clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis is driven by the diversity of the CFTR gene nucleotide sequence. Descriptions of the clinical manifestations in patients with the newly identified genetic variants are of particular interest.The aim of this study was to describe clinical manifestations of the disease with the newly identified genetic variants.Methods. Data from Registry of patients with cystic fibrosis in the Russian Federation (2018) were used. The data review included three steps — the search for frequent mutations, Sanger sequencing, and the search for extensive rearrangements by MLPA. 38 pathogenic variants were identified that were not previously described in the international CFTR2 database. We selected and analyzed full case histories of 15 patients with 10 of those 38 pathogenic variants: p.Tyr84*, G1047S, 3321delG, c.583delC, CFTRdele13,14del18, CFTRdele19-22, c.2619+1G>A, c.743+2T>A, p.Glu1433Gly, and CFTRdel4-8del10-11.Results. A nonsense variant p.Tyr84* was found in 5 patients (0.08 %). Two missense variants c.3139G>A were found in 2 siblings (0.03 %). The c.4298A>G was found in 1 patient. Other variants were detected in a single patient (0.02 %) each. They included two variants of a deletion with a shift of the reading frame 3321delG and c.583delC, two splicing disorders c.2619+1G>A and c.743+2T>A, three extended rearrangements CFTRdele19-22, CFTRdele13,14del18, and CFTRdel4-8del10-11. The last two variants include 2 rearrangements on one allele, which cause the severe course in two young children. 8 of the 10 variants are accompanied by pancreatic insufficiency (PI). Among patients with p.Tyr84*, one had ABPA, one had liver transplantation, and all had Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Nasal polyps were diagnosed in 2 patients with p.Tyr84*, 1 with G1047S, 1 with CFTRdel4-8del10-11, and 1 patient with 3321delG, who also had osteoporosis and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). 2 patients with PI with 3321delG and CFTRdel4-8del10-11 genetic variants, and 1 with PI with p.Glu1433Gly genetic variant had severe protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Conclusion. Clinical manifestations of previously undescribed CFTR genetic variants were described. 5/10 genetic variants should be attributed to class I, 3/10 – to class 7 of the function classification of pathogenic CFTR gene variants associated with transcription and translation disruptions. Class of the identified missense variants c.3139G>A and c.4298A>G has not been established and requires further functional, cultural, and molecular genetic studies.

Molecular and genetic features of primary hyperparathyroidism in young patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta O. Mamedova ◽  
Natalya G. Mokrysheva ◽  
Ekaterina A. Pigarova ◽  
Iya A. Voronkova ◽  
Sergey N. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Men1 Gene ◽  
Ion Torrent Pgm ◽  
Genetic Features

When primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is diagnosed in a young patient in the absence of other clinical manifestations differential diagnosis between a sporadic form of PHPT and PHPT as the first manifestation of one of hereditary syndromes may be challenging. Diagnosis of sporadic or hereditary PHPT determines the extent of surgical intervention, a strategy for further observation and treatment, and the need for examination and treatment of first-degree relatives. Aim of the study — to determine genetic characteristics of PHPT with manifestation at a young age (<40 years old) with clinically sporadic PHPT and familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP).Material and methods. 40 patients with manifestation of PHPT at the age younger than 40 years, 4 of which with FIHP, were included in the study. In 11 patients Sanger sequencing of MEN1 gene was performed (ABI 3130 Genetic Analyser, «Applied Biosystems», USA). 37 patients underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) (Ion Torrent PGM, Thermo Fisher Scientific — Life Technologies, USA) using a panel of candidate genes (MEN1, CASR, CDC73, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CDKN1C, CDKN2A, CDKN2C, CDKN2D). Results. In 3 (7,5%) patients (1 of which with FIHP) we revealed germline heterozygous mutations in MEN1 gene: in exon 9 p.D418N, exon 3 p.R176Q, intron 3 с.654+1G>A. In 4 (4/40, 10%) patients we revealed germline heterozygous mutations in CDC73 gene: 3 nonsense mutations in patients with parathyroid carcinoma — in exon 3 p.R91X, exon 6 p.Q166X, exon 7 p.R229X, and 1 missense mutation in a patient with parathyroid hyperplasia in exon 8 p.R263C. Conclusions. In the majority of cases (75%) PHPT in young patients without positive family history is sporadic. Search for germline mutations in the genes, leading to development of hereditary forms of PHPT (first of all in MEN1 and CDC73), is appropriate in young patients with positive family history, or when positive family history may be suspected, and in patients with parathyroid carcinoma. In the majority (75%) of FIHP cases search for other, probably yet unknown, genes is necessary.

scholarly journals Pediatric Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcomas: A Review

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kumar ◽  
Manmohan Singh ◽  
Mehar C. Sharma ◽  
Sameer Bakshi ◽  
Bhawani S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Treatment Failure Rate ◽  
Alive With Disease ◽  
Pubmed Search

Sclerosing RMS (SRMS) is a recently described subtype of RMS that has not yet been included in any of the classification systems for RMSs. We did pubmed search using keywords “sclerosing, and rhabdomyosarcomas” and included all pediatric cases (age ≤ 18 years) of SRMSs in this review. We also included our case of an eleven-year-old male child with skull base SRMS and discuss the clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic characteristics of these patients. Till now, only 20 pediatric cases of SRMSs have been described in the literature. Pediatric SRMS more commonly affects males at a mean age of 9 years. Extremeties and head/neck regions were most commonly affected. Follow-up details were available for 16 patients with mean follow-up of 25.3 months. Treatment failure rate was 43.75%. Overall amongst these 16 patients, 10 were alive without disease, 4 were alive with disease, and two died. Thus, overall and disease-free survival amongst these 16 patients were 87.5% and 62.5%, respectively. The literature regarding clinical behaviour and outcome of pediatric patients with SRMSs is patchy. Detailed molecular/genetic analysis and clinicopathological characterization with longer follow-ups of more cases may throw some light on this possibly new subtype of RMS.

scholarly journals Clinical and pathological features of urothelial carcinoma in pediatric practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Startsev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Kondratiev ◽  
A.E. Balashov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Journal Citation Reports

Introduction. This review of the literature presents the results of the analysis of studies on the etiology, pathogenesis, methods of diagnosis and treatment of urothelial carcinoma in persons under 20 years of age. Worldwide, the number of such patients is small, and special programs of treatment and diagnostic measures, as well as molecular genetic panels for these patients have not yet been developed. Materials. Relevant publications indexed in PubMed, Web of Sciences Core Collection, and Journal Citation Reports were searched. Data on risk factors and molecular-genetic changes that contribute to malignancy of the urinary epithelium, early clinical manifestations, as well as features of radiation, endoscopic, morphological diagnostics and treatment of this class of tumors are analyzed. Results. Risk factors for urothelial carcinoma in patients younger than 20 years and older age groups are similar, however, there is a smaller role of occupational factors in young patients. Differences in the molecular subtype of tumors were found in these age groups with a predominance of urothelium-like subtype A among young patients, which leads to a more favorable prognosis of the disease and a lower rate of recurrence in individuals under 20 years of age. The main method of treatment of these neoplasms in both age groups remains transurethral resection of the bladder (TURMP), which allows radical removal of the tumor. Adjuvant treatment involving intra – bubble or systemic chemo-or immunotherapy in the postoperative period is indicated when detecting tumors with a high malignant potential, due to the risk of its metastasis and the high probability of the need for organ-carrying surgery. In clinical practice, recommendations developed for the treatment of cancer patients in the older age group are used, since there are no special guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of younger patients. Conclusions. The development of methods for the timely diagnosis, treatment and Rehabilitation of children's patients with verified bladder tumors by representatives of the medical community (oncologists, oncologists, pediatricians) remains an urgent task in the near future.

scholarly journals Clinical and genetic characteristics of ponto-cerebellar hypoplasia caused by mutations in the TSEN54 gene (OMIM: 277470)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
E. I. Dadali ◽  
I. A. Akimova ◽  
N. A. Semenova ◽  
D. M. Guseva ◽  
O. A. Shchagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Detection Of Mutations ◽  
Compound Heterozygous State

Introduction. The description of the clinical and genetic characteristics of eight patients with autosomal-recessive variant pontocerebellar hypoplasia due to mutations in the TSEN54 gene.Purpose. Description of clinical and genetic characteristics of Russian patients with type 2A and type 4 of pontocerebellar hypoplasia.Materials and methods. The diagnosis of pontocerebellar hypoplasia was established on the basis of the specific features of clinical manifestations and detection of mutations in the gene TSEN54 based on the analysis of the results of exome sequencing. Results. 8 patients with pontocerebellar hypoplasia caused by mutations in the TSEN54 gene were identified. Discussion. Based on the features of clinical manifestations and severity of the disease in 5 patients diagnosed pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2A, and in 3 patients – type 4. In patients with type 2A of pontocerebellar hypoplasia discovered mutation c. 919G>T (p.Ala307Ser)  in a homozygous state. Patients with type 4 of pontocerebellar hypoplasia this mutation is detected in the compound heterozygous state with c.670_671delAA (p.Lys224fs) and c.1264C>T (p.Gln422fs).Conclusion. The obtained results allow us to conclude that, as well as in European populations, the mutation c.919G>T (p. Ala307Ser) is a major in Russian patients with pontocerebellar hypoplasia 2A and 4 types, which account for about half of all cases of this disease group. The search for this mutation should be the first stage of molecular genetic diagnosis in patients with clinical and magnetic resonance signs of pontocerebellar hypoplasia.

scholarly journals Dynamics of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in women with menopausal metabolic syndrome, receiving glucose-lowering therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
A. V. Starodubova ◽  
O. A. Kislyak ◽  
M. N. Matyukhina
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Pharmaceutical Therapy ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To assess the tolerability and the impact of various glucose-lowering medications on carbohydrate and lipid profile and anthropometric parameters in women with menopausal metabolic syndrome (MMS). Material and methods. The baseline examination included 122 women in early postmenopause. Thirty three patients with MS, carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, and/or insulin resistance (IR) were included in the 12-week open comparative study. Group I (n=15) received acarbose (150 mg/d) for 12 weeks, while Group II (n=18) was administered metformin (850 mg/d) for 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks later, anthropometry, oral glucose tolerance test with insulin and C-peptide level measurement, and lipid profile assessment were performed. Results. Acarbose therapy was associated with a reduction in body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting insulin, post-load insulin, post-load C-peptide, and HOMA-IR index. However, no significant improvement in lipid metabolism parameters was observed in the acarbose group. Metformin treatment was linked to a significant reduction in BW, WC, glycated hemoglobin, post-load glucose, C-peptide, and insulin, as well as to an increase in post-load Caro index. Conclusion. Women with MMS, carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, and/or IR, require not only non-pharmaceutical lifestyle modification, but also glucose-lowering pharmaceutical therapy with acarbose or metformin. In particular, it should be considered that metformin, but not acarbose, reduces the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides.

scholarly journals New Pathogenic Viruses of Natural Foci in Primorye Isolated over the 80-Year History of the Institute: A Review of Virological Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
GN Leonova ◽  
SI Belikov ◽  
IG Kondratov
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Far East ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
Powassan Virus ◽  
Far Eastern

Background: The discovery of a new viral disease called tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in the Far East in 1937 triggered the thematic virology research on the Eurasian continent. The purpose of our study was to conduct a virological and epidemiological monitoring of tick-borne viral infections in the Primorsky Krai over an 80-year period. Materials and methods: Several hundreds of strains belonging to the viruses of the TBE complex (Flaviviridae family) and other families have been isolated; their biological, antigenic and molecular genetic characteristics have been studied. Results: The most complete picture of the Far Eastern population of the TBE virus was obtained in the 1990s based on whole genome sequencing of 50 TBEV strains isolated from patients with different clinical manifestations of the disease and from ixodid ticks. It was established that all the strains belong to the same Far Eastern subtype of TBEV with three clusters (Oshima-, Sofjin-, and Senzhang-). In 1972, the Powassan virus was first isolated from Haemaphisalis longicornis ticks on the Eurasian continent. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genome characteristics of the Spassk-9, Nadezdinsk-1991 and Partizansk-2006 strains, as well as the characteristics of five fragments of other Powassan virus strains, indicated that they all belong to the Powassan virus lineage I. The first comparative description of three strains Primorye-155-77, Primorye-20-79 and Primorye-185-91 of the Louping ill virus was given. A comprehensive study of the isolated Ozernoe strain of a deceased female patient enabled identification of the first clinical case of the lyssavirus disease in the Asian part of Russia. This strain is genetically close and has a common ancestor with the Irkut strain and is attributed to pathogens of the genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae. Conclusion: Isolation of a highly pathogenic lyssavirus and several viruses of the TBE complex indicates the importance of such virology surveillance and proves the necessity of its continuation.

Successful discontinuation of insulin treatment after gestational diabetes is shown to be a case of MODY due to a glucokinase mutation

Open Medicine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Indrajit Talapatra ◽  
Shyam Kalavalapalli ◽  
Jonathan Robinson ◽  
Sian Ellard ◽  
David Tymms
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Glucokinase Mutation

AbstractWe describe a woman who first presented with gestational diabetes at 26 weeks gestation and was managed with insulin. Following delivery of a healthy baby she had an abnormal OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) 6 weeks post partum and was managed with diet. In her second pregnancy she was diagnosed with gestational diabetes at 10 weeks and required insulin. Following delivery she was again managed on diet alone. Four years later, during her third pregnancy, she was managed with insulin from the outset. She remained on insulin post partum and for several years. Later her two younger children, aged 11 years and 7 years, were found to have GCK mutation causing MODY (Maturity Onset Diabetes Of the Young) subtype glucokinase. Following this she underwent molecular genetic testing and was also shown to have the GCK mutation. She was gradually taken off insulin and is now managed on diet alone with excellent glycaemic control. Her two children are under regular follow up care and on no medication for diabetes.

scholarly journals Clinical And Biochemical Outcomes Of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A467-A467
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Nanik Ram ◽  
Sajjad Ali Khan ◽  
Zafar Aleem Suchal ◽  
Muhammad Mustansir Mehdi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Lowering

Abstract Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors are a group of oral medications that work independently of insulin working as anti-diabetics by enhancing the excretion of glucose. The purpose of our study was to assess the improvement in terms of HbA1c, weight, blood pressure and BMI and the hepatics and renal effect in terms of SGPT and Creatinine in patients already on three oral glucose lowering agents when SGLT-2 inhibitor was added to their medications. Methods: This retrospective, real world, single center study included 99 patients (mean age [Standard Deviation]: 53.8 [9.63] years) with poorly control type 2 diabetes. Data was recorded at three times, before the addition of SGLT-2 inhibitor and then at 3 and 6 month follow up after the drug had been added in patient’s medications. Physical parameters namely weight, BMI and blood pressure were recorded in the clinic while HbA1c, SGPT and Creatinine were checked by laboratory. Results: Improvement was seen in all parameters at both 3 and 6 month follow up interval. The reduction in HbA1c was statistically significant (P-value &lt; 0.001) with (Mean Reduction [Standard Deviation)) 0.81[1.02] % at 3 months and 1.07[1.11] % at 6 months. Weight was also significantly reduced (P-value &lt; 0.001) with (MR [SD]) 1.83[2.32] kg at 3 and 4.02[6.04] kg at 6 months. Statistically significant reduction (P-value &lt; 0.001) in BMI was also seen with 0.69[0.95] kgm-2 at 3 months and 2.13[3.41] kgm-2 at 6 months of follow up. The systolic blood pressure showed significant reduction (P-value &lt; 0.05) of 5.9[15.76] mmHg at 3 months and 6.37[18.33] mmHg at 6 months. The creatinine and SGPT values of the patient showed minimal variation over the course of these 6 months of follow up. Conclusion: Our study showed that SGPT-2 can be reliably used in patients in which diabetes is not being controlled by other glucose lowering agents and is safe for use in patients in which hepatic and renal function needs to be preserved. Keywords: SGLT-2 inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pakistan

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