scholarly journals Frailty Predicts an Increased Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease with Risk Competition by Mortality among 165,461 Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ter Chao ◽  
Jui Wang ◽  
Jenq-Wen Huang ◽  
Ding-Cheng Chan ◽  
Kuo-Liong Chien
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Immunity and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: translating mechanisms to biomarkers and treatment targets

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (4) ◽  
pp. F716-F731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimund Pichler ◽  
Maryam Afkarian ◽  
Brad P. Dieter ◽  
Katherine R. Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Increasing incidences of obesity and diabetes have made diabetic kidney disease (DKD) the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite current pharmacological treatments, including strategies for optimizing glycemic control and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, DKD still makes up almost one-half of all cases of end-stage renal disease in the United States. Compelling and mounting evidence has clearly demonstrated that immunity and inflammation play a paramount role in the pathogenesis of DKD. This article reviews the involvement of the immune system in DKD and identifies important roles of key immune and inflammatory mediators. One of the most recently identified biomarkers is serum amyloid A, which appears to be relatively specific for DKD. Novel and evolving treatment approaches target protein kinases, transcription factors, chemokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors, advanced glycation end-products, and other inflammatory molecules. This is the beginning of a new era in the understanding and treatment of DKD, and we may have finally reached a tipping point in our fight against the growing burden of DKD.

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