scholarly journals Analysis of Last Development Results for High Voltage Circuit-breakers Using New G3 Gas

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Robin-Jouan ◽  
K. Bousoltane ◽  
Y. Kieffel ◽  
J. Y. Trepanier ◽  
R. Camarero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chemical Behavior ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Environmental Friendly

Among many alternative gases proposed to replace SF6 as insulating gas, g<sup>3</sup> (green gas for grid), fluoronitril based component officially introduced at CIGRE 2014, can be now used for insulation projects and new environmental friendly circuit breakers. This gas mixture g<sup>3</sup>, presents a reduction of the global warming potential by 98% compared to SF<sub>6</sub> gas and shows quite good dielectric withstand capability. Many new investigations about thermal and chemical behavior have been done and are precised in this paper. Last switching test campaigns will be presented for 145 kV applications. Simulation tools should be updated to be applicable to these projects. Developments and comparisons with last test results will be analyzed.

scholarly journals Evaluate shock capturing capability with the numerical methods in OpenFOAM

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1255-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadboni Khodadadi ◽  
Mohammad Malekbala ◽  
Azadboni Khodadadi
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Shock Capturing ◽  
Open Architecture ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Boundary Layer Interaction ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Basic Approaches

Simulations for both multiphase flows and supersonic single phased flows are well known, however the combination is a less investigated area of research, as the two basic approaches of CFD, the pressure and the density based approach, each describe one of the phases in a better way than the other one. In this paper, we systematically investigate the solver quality of the open source CFD code OpenFOAM in handling transonic flow phenomena that typically occur inside the breaking chamber of high voltage circuit breakers, during contact separation. The solver quality is then compared with that of chosen commercial CFD tools. The main advantage of OpenFOAM is that, contrary to most of the commercial simulation tools, it is license fee free and allows access to the source code. This means that complicated multi physics phenomena inside the arcing chamber can be directly modeled into the code by users, which opens an opportunity to remove limitations of commercial CFD tools. Particularly, the shock capturing capability of OpenFOAM will be evaluated for the transonic internal flow which typically occurs in high voltage circuit breakers. Overall, Open-FOAM shows acceptable shock capturing capabilities in the performed verification and validation studies, with the solver quality comparable to some of the tested commercial CFD tools. There is still room for further solver quality improvements in OpenFOAM by implementing better shock capturing schemes such as a density-based flux-difference-splitting scheme or by writing better physical modeling of the shock/boundary layer interaction into the open architecture of OpenFOAM.

scholarly journals Ablation-assisted current interruption in medium voltage switchgear – Development and prospect

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Taxt
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Current Interruption ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Medium Voltage Switchgear

<p>SF6-gas is widely used in medium and high voltage<br />switchgear today because of its excellent insulation and<br />current interruption capabilities. However, due to its<br />high global warming potential, there is a political<br />pressure to replace it wherever possible, resulting in a<br />need for new solutions in the design of compact lowcost<br />switchgear. An evident response is to review and<br />further develop the technologies that were promising<br />before the entry of SF6. One of these was the application<br />of gas-emitting insulation materials, in a process of<br />ablation.<br />This paper reviews the range of commercial breaker<br />designs that have taken advantage of ablation in the<br />interruption process from the 1930s until today. The<br />main designs and developments are outlined and some<br />important parameters are explained, such as the steady<br />state ablation-dominated arc, arc quenching and<br />dielectric recovery in the presence of ablation material.<br />The ratings of the mentioned products, as well as more<br />recent experiments, indicate that there is a design limit<br />for simple ablation-assisted breakers at around 20 kV,<br />but the reasons for the apparent limit are not thoroughly<br />studied or explained.<br />Reviving the knowledge of ablation breakers, and<br />combining this with new knowledge and new tools<br />could prove valuable to the development of SF6-free<br />MV switchgear.</p>

Method to improve the repeatability of dynamic contact resistance measurement test results for high-voltage circuit breakers

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Cheng ◽  
Wensheng Gao ◽  
Dongbo Zhao ◽  
Yulong Huang ◽  
Weidong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Resistance Measurement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Circuit Breakers

scholarly journals Modelling and Simulation of SF6 High-Voltage Circuit-Breakers - an Overview on Basics and Application of CFD Arc Simulation Tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
F. Reichert ◽  
A. Petchanka ◽  
P. Freton ◽  
J. J. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Circuit Switching ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Complete Process

The paper gives an overview on the basics of CFD arc simulation tools with respect to the simulation of the fluid mechanical processes in the interrupter unit of SF<sub>6</sub> high-voltage circuit-breakers at no-load and short-circuit switching-off processes. On the example of SF<sub>6</sub> self-blast circuit-breakers the complete process from the analysis of the switching-off process to the creation of a modular simulation model consisting of several sub models is illustrated. Details to the modelling in the particular sub modules and to the implementation are given. The capability of a CFD arc simulation tool based on the program package ANSYS/FLUENT is demonstrated on the basis of selected simulation results. Furthermore case examples for the application of the presented CFD arc simulation tool in the development process of high-voltage circuit-breakers are given.

scholarly journals Recent Development of Two Alternative Gases to SF6 for High Voltage Electrical Power Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5051
Author(s):  
John Owens ◽  
Ang Xiao ◽  
Jason Bonk ◽  
Michael DeLorme ◽  
Agnes Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Dielectric Medium ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Atmospheric Lifetime ◽  
Very High ◽  
Environmental Challenge

For many years, SF6 has been the preferred dielectric medium in electrical power applications, particularly in high voltage gas-insulated equipment. However, with the recognition that SF6 has an extremely long atmospheric lifetime and very high global warming potential, governments have pursued emission reductions from gas-filled equipment. The electrical power industry has responded to this environmental challenge applying SF6-free technologies to an expanding range of applications which have traditionally used SF6, including gas-insulated switchgear, gas-insulated circuit breakers and gas-insulated lines or bus bars. Some of these SF6-free solutions include gas mixtures containing fluorinated compounds that have low climate impact, among them, a fluoronitrile and a fluoroketone developed as 3M™ Novec™ 4710 Insulating Gas and 3M™ Novec™ 5110 Insulating Gas, respectively. Both fluoronitrile and fluoroketone mixtures are successfully used in gas-insulated equipment currently operating on the grid where they reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 99% versus SF6. This paper reviews these leading components of alternative-gas mixtures with updates on the performance, safety and environmental profiles in electrical power applications.

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