scholarly journals Modeling by Petri Nets

10.14311/676 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kubátová
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Digital System ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coloured Petri Net ◽  
Dining Philosophers

One specific model of a digital system in different types of Petri nets is presented. The formal definitions of the basic (black-and-white) Petri net, a place/transition net (P/T net), an arc-constant coloured Petri net (ac-CPN) and a coloured Petri net (CPN) are presented and explained on the basis of this example. Real models of dining philosophers, a producer-consumer system and railway tracks are described.

Synthesis of Macro Petri Nets into FPGA with Distributed Memories

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Bukowiec ◽  
Marian Adamski
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
State Machine ◽  
Logic Circuit ◽  
Digital System ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
New Method ◽  
Combinational Circuit ◽  
Distributed Memories

Abstract In this paper a new method of Petri net array-based synthesis is proposed. The method is based on decomposition of colored interpreted macro Petri net into state machine subnets. Each state machine subnet is determined by one color. During the decomposition process macroplaces are expanded or replaced by doublers of macroplace. Such decomposition leads to parallel implementation of a digital system. The structured encoding of places is done by using minimal numbers of bits. Colored microoperations, which are assigned to places, are written into distributed and flexible memories. It leads to realization of a logic circuit in a two-level concurrent structure, where the combinational circuit of the first level is responsible for firing transitions, and the second level memories are used for generation of microoperations. Such an approach allows balanced usage of different kinds of resources available in modern FPGAs

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF DESIGN ITERATIONS ON COUPLED PARAMETERS IN DESIGN TEAMWORK USING MULTIPLE DOMAIN MATRIX AND COLOURED PETRI NETS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 617-626
Author(s):  
J. Juranić ◽  
N. Pavković ◽  
D. Jurinić
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Design Parameter ◽  
Coloured Petri Nets ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Coloured Petri Net ◽  
Degree Of Coupling ◽  
Parameter Relations ◽  
Multiple Domain

AbstractA new way of structuring and interpretation of multiple domain matrix is proposed as the basis for categorisation of design parameter relations complexity. Depending on the kind and the degree of coupling of the parameters, the developed methodology activates the appropriate coloured Petri net (CPN) models for semi-automatic support of communication between the members of the design team. The proposed extension of MDM combined with CPN is a novel approach to predicting and managing communication patterns necessary during teamwork coordination on critical interfaces between product components.

scholarly journals Discovering Object-centric Petri Nets

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Wil M.P. van der Aalst ◽  
Alessandro Berti
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Multiple Products ◽  
Event Logs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Relationships

Techniques to discover Petri nets from event data assume precisely one case identifier per event. These case identifiers are used to correlate events, and the resulting discovered Petri net aims to describe the life-cycle of individual cases. In reality, there is not one possible case notion, but multiple intertwined case notions. For example, events may refer to mixtures of orders, items, packages, customers, and products. A package may refer to multiple items, multiple products, one order, and one customer. Therefore, we need to assume that each event refers to a collection of objects, each having a type (instead of a single case identifier). Such object-centric event logs are closer to data in real-life information systems. From an object-centric event log, we want to discover an object-centric Petri net with places that correspond to object types and transitions that may consume and produce collections of objects of different types. Object-centric Petri nets visualize the complex relationships among objects from different types. This paper discusses a novel process discovery approach implemented in PM4Py. As will be demonstrated, it is indeed feasible to discover holistic process models that can be used to drill-down into specific viewpoints if needed.

Introduction of Petri Nets

2016 ◽  
pp. 145-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Yamaguchi ◽  
Mohd Anuaruddin Bin Ahmadon ◽  
Qi-Wei Ge
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
Basic Concepts

This chapter gives an introduction of Petri nets, its applications and security challenges. Petri nets are a graphical and mathematical modeling tool available to many systems. Once a system is modeled as a Petri net, the behavior of the system can be simulated by using tokens on the Petri net. Petri nets' abundant techniques can be used to solve many problems associated with the modeled system. This chapter gives formal definitions, properties and analysis methods of Petri nets, and gives several examples to illustrate some basic concepts and successful application areas of Petri nets. Then this chapter presents Petri nets based challenges to security such as Intrusion Detection System, security policy design and analysis, and cryptography tool.

scholarly journals Discovering Object-centric Petri Nets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wil M.P. van der Aalst ◽  
Alessandro Berti
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Multiple Products ◽  
Event Logs ◽  
Event Log ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complex Relationships

Techniques to discover Petri nets from event data assume precisely one case identifier per event. These case identifiers are used to correlate events, and the resulting discovered Petri net aims to describe the life-cycle of individual cases. In reality, there is not one possible case notion, but multiple intertwined case notions. For example, events may refer to mixtures of orders, items, packages, customers, and products. A package may refer to multiple items, multiple products, one order, and one customer. Therefore, we need to assume that each event refers to a collection of objects, each having a type (instead of a single case identifier). Such object-centric event logs are closer to data in real-life information systems. From an object-centric event log, we want to discover an object-centric Petri net with places that correspond to object types and transitions that may consume and produce collections of objects of different types. Object-centric Petri nets visualize the complex relationships among objects from different types. This paper discusses a novel process discovery approach implemented in PM4Py. As will be demonstrated, it is indeed feasible to discover holistic process models that can be used to drill-down into specific viewpoints if needed.

A New Defect in Polyethylene Single Crystals

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
E. L. Thomas ◽  
S. L. Sass
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Screw Dislocation ◽  
Small Distance ◽  
Dipole Model ◽  
Dislocation Dipole ◽  
Chain Folding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Polymer Crystal ◽  
Different Types

In polyethylene single crystals pairs of black and white lines spaced 700-3,000Å apart, parallel to the [100] and [010] directions, have been identified as microsector boundaries. A microsector is formed when the plane of chain folding changes over a small distance within a polymer crystal. In order for the different types of folds to accommodate at the boundary between the 2 fold domains, a staggering along the chain direction and a rotation of the chains in the plane of the boundary occurs. The black-white contrast from a microsector boundary can be explained in terms of these chain rotations. We demonstrate that microsectors can terminate within the crystal and interpret the observed terminal strain contrast in terms of a screw dislocation dipole model.

Isolation and Diagnosis of Fungi from Samples of Spices in the City of Nasiriya

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The City ◽  
Isolated Species

Examination of (35) samples of spices obtained from local markets for the purposes of isolating and diagnosing fungi growing on them. Anine isolates belonging to 13 different types of fungi were diagnosed by the standard dilution method with three replications, and it has been observed that the most samples from which the fungi were isolated is ginger. It was found that the most isolated species of fungi are Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Rizupes spp. A rare colony of fungi was observed, which indicates contamination of the spices under study with the fungus. The present study aims to identify the potential risks of the presence of fungi in spices and what may result from mycotoxins that may be the cause of many chronic diseases as a result of using these spices in large quantities. The study recommends limiting the use of contaminated spices, especially ginger, in preparing food and its uses, in addition to other types such as cloves, black and white pepper, and other types of spices found in the local markets, especially the expired ones.

Constrained Petri Nets. Part II: Generalizations and extensions

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 333-374
Author(s):  
H.J.M. Goeman ◽  
L.P.J. Groenewegen ◽  
H.C.M. Kleijn ◽  
G. Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
General Constraints ◽  
Context Free ◽  
Boolean Expressions

This paper continues the investigation froll1 [Goeman et al.] concerning the use of sets of places of a Petri net as additional (to input places) constraints for granting concession. Now interpretations of more general constraints are considered and expressed as Boolean expressions. This gives rise to various classes of constrained Petri nets. These are compared in the language theoretical framework introduced in [Goeman et al.]. An upperbound for the language defining power is found in the class of context-free programmed languages.

An Axiomatic Characterization of a Class of Petri Nets

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-491
Author(s):  
Waldemar Korczynski
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Axiomatic Characterization ◽  
Algebraic Characterization

In this paper an algebraic characterization of a class of Petri nets is given. The nets are characterized by a kind of algebras, which can be considered as a generalization of the concept of the case graph of a (marked) Petri net.

The Quantitative Assessment of Domino Effects Based on Stochastic Petri Nets

2008 ◽  
Vol 44-46 ◽  
pp. 537-544
Author(s):  
Shi Yi Bao ◽  
Jian Xin Zhu ◽  
Li J. Wang ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Zeng Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Petri Nets ◽  
State Space ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Stochastic Petri Nets ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Domino Effect ◽  
State Space Explosion ◽  
Stochastic Petri Net ◽  
Chemical Industrial Park

The quantitative analysis of “domino” effects is one of the main aspects of hazard assessment in chemical industrial park. This paper demonstrates the application of heterogeneous stochastic Petri net modeling techniques to the quantitative assessment of the probabilities of domino effects of major accidents in chemical industrial park. First, five events are included in the domino effect models of major accidents: pool fire, explosion, boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion (BLEVE) giving rise to a fragment, jet fire and delayed explosion of a vapour cloud. Then, the domino effect models are converted into Generalized Stochastic Petri net (GSPN) in which the probability of the domino effect is calculated automatically. The Stochastic Petri nets’ models, which are state-space based ones, increase the modeling flexibility but create the state-space explosion problems. Finally, in order to alleviate the state-space explosion problems of GSPN models, this paper employs Stochastic Wellformed Net (SWN), a particular class of High-Level (colored) SPN. To conduct a case study on a chemical industrial park, the probability of domino effects of major accidents is calculated by using the GSPN model and SWN model in this paper.

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