scholarly journals Modal Logic - a Tool for Design Process Formalisation

10.14311/464 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Jelínek
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modal Logic S4

In this paper we show the possibility to formalize the design process by means of one type of non-standard logic - modal logic [1]. The type chosen for this study is modal logic S4. The reason for this choice is the ability of this formalism to describe modeling of the individual discrete steps of design, respecting necessity or possibility types of design knowledge.

Bringing Ergonomics to the Design of a Behavioural Care Unit

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Jacqueline B. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The application of ergonomics is important when considering the built environment. In order to create an environment where form follows function, a detailed understanding of the tasks performed by the individuals who will live and work in the facility is required. Early involvement in the project is key to maximizing the benefit of ergonomics. At Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Canada, this early intervention was embraced during the design process of a behavioural care unit for aggressive patients. The ergonomist was involved in three phases of design; user needs analysis, block schematics and detailed design. The user needs and characteristics were established using a combination of focus groups, interviews, direct observation, task analysis and critique of current working environments. The challenge was to present the information to the design team in a useful manner. The format chosen was a modification of Userfit (Poulson 1996) that outlined the various characteristics of the patient group and the design consequences with “what does this mean for me” statements. During the block schematics phase an iterative design process was used to ensure that the ergonomic principles and the user needs were incorporated into the design. Ergonomic input was used in determining the room sizes and layout and to ensure work processes were considered. Simple mock-ups and anthropometric data assisted in illustrating the need for design changes. Examples that highlight the areas of greatest impact of ergonomic intervention include the patient bathrooms, showers and tub room. Significant changes were made to the design to improve the safety of the work and living space of the end users. One of the greatest challenges was having an appreciation for the individual goals of the team members. Ensuring there was adequate space for equipment and staff often resulted in recommendations for increased space. This in turn would increase the cost of the project. The architect and, later in the project, the engineer had goals of bringing the project in on budget. The final design was very much a team effort and truly die result of an iterative process. The sum of the individual contributions could not match the combined efforts. It was only through the ergonomic contributions in this early design phase that the needs of the staff, patients and families could be so well represented. The success of the iterative process provides the foundation for bringing ergonomics considerations into the early design stages of future projects.

QUANTIFIED MODAL LOGIC ON THE RATIONAL LINE

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP KREMER
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Real Line ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Topological Semantics ◽  
Cantor Space ◽  
Quantified Modal Logic ◽  
Propositional Modal Logic ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modal Logic S4 ◽  
Rational Line

AbstractIn the topological semantics for propositional modal logic, S4 is known to be complete for the class of all topological spaces, for the rational line, for Cantor space, and for the real line. In the topological semantics for quantified modal logic, QS4 is known to be complete for the class of all topological spaces, and for the family of subspaces of the irrational line. The main result of the current paper is that QS4 is complete, indeed strongly complete, for the rational line.

scholarly journals The drawing in the design process: a study in the work of Andrea Palladio

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Maria Stumpp ◽  
Claudio Calovi Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Andrea Palladio ◽  
Alternative Representation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

The development of design activity uses technical suports that allow the architect to record the evolution of your idea or communication with it. Historically, the support that has been used is the graphical representation, which, as a intelligence technology, joins with the creative and cognitive processes of the individual, allowing communication with their imagination and also to all individuals involved in projecting. The representations graphically materialized, calls drawing,  are important in the practice of architecture because they represent the evolution of the design process. The drawing means the way in which design is conducted, tested, controlled and ultimately appears performed. In this context the drawings of the Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio play a special role in the history of architecture, because it makes clear how he understood and thought the architecture. At that time, the graphical representation of the space acquired an importance that had not previously, incorporating a greater number of alternative representation, highlighting the aesthetic concerns and the current building techniques. A lot of drawings produced by Palladio, shows how he was deeply convinced of eloquence and priority of images to understand the architecture, more than any other form of discursive explanation. In this sense, this work investigates the drawings of Palladio as a tool at the process of design solutions translation. The reading of the project through the design has been used to study designs and architectural objects or certain styles or specific authorship of an architect. Here the method is used for reading the project of Villa Pisani in Bagnolo (1542). Using two and three dimensional drawings, represented by plan, section and volumetry, it is intended to make explicit certain aspects underlying the architectural work, as questions of proportion and symmetry. It is expected that, at the work of Palladio, this method allows to compare and understand drawings, in order to analyze mutations and replications and  search of new meanings, readings and interpretations.

scholarly journals PUSAT MODE DI KOTA PONTIANAK DENGAN KONSEP CITY WALK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Rhisma Aulia Ahmad ◽  
Irwin Irwin ◽  
Yudi Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Fashion Design ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Initial Idea ◽  
The Many

The people of West Kalimantan Province have a great interest in fashion. This can be seen from the many facilities available to meet the needs of fashion and the emergence of young designers in the fashion sector, especially in Pontianak City. This of course must be balanced with education about the basics of fashion design knowledge and techniques in order to produce higher quality designers, and supported by marketing and promotion facilities to develop the creativity of fashion actors. The Fashion Center is an alternative to making all fashion activities carried out in one location, related to commercial activities, promotion, education and production to accommodate a place for fashion actors to work as well as interesting creations for visitors, especially in the Pontianak City area. The design process of the Fashion Center uses the J.C. Jones, who starts with an idea that is equipped with information, is then analyzed to produce concepts that match the initial idea and then evaluated. The concept in the design is semi-outdoor with interconnected spatial arrangement and placement of circulation paths. Provision of green open space around the circulation path.

A Heritage Approach to Risk Based Design

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Fragola
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Aerospace Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mind's Eye ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Do So

Abstract Designers seldom, if ever, create designs “out of whole cloth”. They might begin with a clean piece of paper but their designs, no matter how creative or pioneering, must always embrace the technological heritage within which they are imbedded, at least to a degree. If they fail to do so they will almost certainly have great difficulty in being implemented, and even greater difficulty being successful. In this way the words “heritage” and “risk” have been linked, since time immemorial, in the design process and therefore in the designer’s mind’s eye. While this linkage is, in this sense, nothing new, the linkage has until recently been done heuristically and informally based upon the judgment and expertise of the individual designer, perhaps supplemented by the judgment and expertise of those peers of personal acquaintance. Recently, as an outgrowth of the broader application of probabilistic technology, a more formal and systematic link between design heritage and design risk has been attempted. While the number of actual applications are few, those that have been attempted seem to forecast that significant benefits might accrue from further development of the concept and its wider application especially in the case of the advanced technical designs so characteristic of aerospace systems. While the process of risk-based design is still in development, the individual steps in the process are beginning to evolve. These steps, which are listed in summary form in Figure 1 below, will be discussed in the presented paper as they apply to the design of a container to return samples from Mars.

Identifying Key Product Attributes and Their Importance Levels From Online Customer Reviews

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Product Reviews ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preference Analysis ◽  
Customer Reviews ◽  
Online Customer Reviews ◽  
Importance Ranking ◽  
The Individual

Identifying customer needs and preferences is one of the most important tasks in design process. Typically, a variation of interview based approaches is used to conduct need and preference analysis. In this paper, a new approach based on text mining online (internet based) customer reviews to supplement traditional methods of need and preference analysis is considered. The key idea underlying the proposed approach is to partition online customer generated product reviews into segments that evaluate the individual attributes of a product (e.g zoom capability and support of different image formats in a camcorder). Additionally, the proposed method also identifies the importance (ranking) that customers place on each product attributes. The method is demonstrated on 100 customer reviews submitted for camcorders on epinions.com over a two year period.

The Value of Prototyping: An Investigation of the Relationship Between the Costs of Prototyping, Perceived Value, and Design Outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Nelson ◽  
Jessica Menold
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Prototyping is an important part of the design process and has repeatedly been identified in prior work as an important tool for designers to test assumptions, communicate ideas, and develop design knowledge. Researchers, however, currently have a limited understanding of how the resources invested in a prototype influence designers’ decision-making and their perceptions of a prototype’s value. Prior work has shown that significant investment of time or money in a prototype can lead to undesirable effects such as design fixation, but the full impact of these factors on designers’ perceived value of the prototypes remains unclear. Likewise, it is unclear how prototype usage impacts the evolution of designer knowledge. To explore these relationships, a study was performed in a 16 week-long design project involving 32 teams of mechanical engineering students. Results suggest that effective prototyping uncovered new design knowledge and limited uncertainty early in the design process, allowing teams to spend more time testing and iterating later in the design process. High-performing teams also reported final prototypes as less valuable for gathering new knowledge than their peers. Importantly, the study did not find any significant relationships between the cost of a prototype in terms of money and time, and the perceived value of that prototype. Nor were any significant relationships found between costs and final design outcomes. This work underscores the need for better methods to evaluate the value of prototyping efforts.

Study on the Organization Model for the Design Process Modular of Complex Mechanical Product

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 2990-2994
Author(s):  
Jun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Directed Acyclic Graph ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Acyclic Graph ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Special Collections

In order to provide knowledge service more efficiently for complex mechanical product design, a knowledge organization model for complex mechanical product design knowledge based on the process modular approach was proposed. First, a general form, the knowledge instance, would be used to represent all forms of the knowledge for complex mechanical product design; then, based on the contents and features of the knowledge instances and the semantic relations in the domain ontology, the special collections of the knowledge instances which have related features would be composed to knowledge modules, and knowledge modules would be organized as a DAG(directed acyclic graph). The complex mechanical product design knowledge could be efficiently and completely queried based-on semantic according to the logical relationships expressed in the DAG.

Ego Involvement in the Systems Design Process

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Total System ◽  
Design Team ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Professional Goals ◽  
The Individual

Psychological interactions among members of a systems design team are frequently of major importance in the design process. Problems arise from specialized design interests as well as failure in systems discipline. Such problems can be resolved only by understanding the nature of the individual and his involvement in interpersonal design conflicts. Several areas may be considered for improving interpersonal relations in the systems design effort. Through increasing emphasis on significance of systems design, greater personal and professional involvement in the systems approach may be possible. Attention is required at the corporate-management organization level to orient individual engineering professional goals in terms of total system perspective. Indoctrination and discipline in systems philosophy and practices also require increased emphasis. Comprehensive design-team training might be considered as a means for improving the systems design process. Further study is suggested.

scholarly journals A User-Oriented Design Knowledge Reuse Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Hao ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Guoxin Wang ◽  
Lin Gong ◽  
Jianjun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Reuse ◽  
Knowledge Model ◽  
Design Knowledge Reuse ◽  
Unified Design

To promote the level of reusing the accumulated design knowledge in the company, we intend to develop a knowledge reuse model in this paper. First, the design knowledge is discussed, and a unified design knowledge model is proposed. Following that, we identify three design knowledge reuse patterns which contribute to the understanding of how designers reuse knowledge during the design process. Based on that, we propose a design knowledge reuse model. This model can provide design knowledge according to the design knowledge reuse patterns. The model also provides the ability to update itself according to the captured actions of the knowledge users. At last, the method is validated with a research cooperator on the hydropneumatic spring component.

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