scholarly journals Modularity of Pressing Tools for Screw Press Producing Solid Biofuels

10.14311/1558 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Matúš ◽  
Peter Križan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Screw Press ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This paper focuses on the development of the newly-patented structure of a screw briquetting machine for compacting biomass into a solid biofuel. The design of the machine is based on the results of a comprehensive study of the complicated process of biomass compaction. The patented structure meets two main goals: the elimination of axial forces, leading to increased lifetime of the bearings, and the new modular design of a pressing chamber and tools with their geometry based on the application of a mathematical model.

scholarly journals Development of double screw press and method of controlling the parameters of the briquetting process

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 050-058
Author(s):  
Miloš Matúš ◽  
Peter Križan ◽  
Ľubomír Šooš ◽  
Juraj Beniak
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Screw Press ◽  
Densification Process ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Biomass Densification ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
And Control

Paper is focused on development of new patented construction of screw briquetting machine for compacting biomass into the solid biofuel. Developed machine design is based on achieved results of comprehensive research of the complicated process of biomass densification. Patented construction provides two main goals: the elimination of axial forces, which causes increasing of bearings lifetime, and a new modular design of pressing chamber and tools with geometry based on application of the mathematical model. Research of the biomass densification pointed to the need for modular design of densification machine, where it is possible to control all significant parameters of the densification process. The goal of this paper is to present a new patented design of screw press, which satisfies all requirements for modularity and control of the parameters. It allows optimizing this process for different types of raw materials and achieving high quality production. Results of experimental research of densification process then allow the engineering design of the production machine tailor-made to the customer, while being able to minimize investment, energy and operating costs. The developed design of screw press is unique in its modularity and high reliability.

Optimization Design for Luffing Mechanism of Portal Slewing Crane

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Zhong Hua Luo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Optimization Result ◽  
Mechanism Optimization ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Minimum Amplitude ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This paper conducts a comprehensive study on the optimization design for luffing mechanism of portal slewing crane. First, displacement formulae are derived of crampon hinge point of the luffing mechanism. Secondly, mathematical model is established for luffing mechanism optimization design of portal slewing crane, according to the mechanism characteristics, and, with an aim of making crampon hinge end point to move horizontally, and of satisfying the value of maximum and minimum amplitude, and of saving material, etc. Finally, program of optimization design is compiled for the luffing mechanism of portal slewing crane. The luffing mechanism of M4022 portal slewing crane is optimized, and the optimization result is satisfactory. This paper makes it possible to obtain not only each rod length and cross-section area, but also obtain the counterbalance weight and the each rod maximum force of the luffing mechanism.

scholarly journals МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ КОМБІНОВАНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЕЛЕКТРОЖИВЛЕННЯ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ОБ’ЄКТУ З БАГАТОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИМ ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЛЬНИМ АГРЕГАТОМ ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ БАТАРЕЇ

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. О. Шавьолкін ◽  
Є. Ю. Становський ◽  
М. О. Підгайний
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Converter Unit ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The development of a detailed mathematical model of the system "network - multifunctional converter  unit  with  a  photovoltaic  battery  -  load",  which  will  allow  for  a  comprehensive  study  of  the processes in the system with an assessment of the efficiency of the unit.

scholarly journals Countering reproducibility issues in mathematical models with software engineering techniques: A case study using a one-dimensional mathematical model of the atrioventricular node

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254749
Author(s):  
Christopher Schölzel ◽  
Valeria Blesius ◽  
Gernot Ernst ◽  
Alexander Goesmann ◽  
Andreas Dominik
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Atrioventricular Node ◽  
Unit Testing ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Model Code

One should assume that in silico experiments in systems biology are less susceptible to reproducibility issues than their wet-lab counterparts, because they are free from natural biological variations and their environment can be fully controlled. However, recent studies show that only half of the published mathematical models of biological systems can be reproduced without substantial effort. In this article we examine the potential causes for failed or cumbersome reproductions in a case study of a one-dimensional mathematical model of the atrioventricular node, which took us four months to reproduce. The model demonstrates that even otherwise rigorous studies can be hard to reproduce due to missing information, errors in equations and parameters, a lack in available data files, non-executable code, missing or incomplete experiment protocols, and missing rationales behind equations. Many of these issues seem similar to problems that have been solved in software engineering using techniques such as unit testing, regression tests, continuous integration, version control, archival services, and a thorough modular design with extensive documentation. Applying these techniques, we reimplement the examined model using the modeling language Modelica. The resulting workflow is independent of the model and can be translated to SBML, CellML, and other languages. It guarantees methods reproducibility by executing automated tests in a virtual machine on a server that is physically separated from the development environment. Additionally, it facilitates results reproducibility, because the model is more understandable and because the complete model code, experiment protocols, and simulation data are published and can be accessed in the exact version that was used in this article. We found the additional design and documentation effort well justified, even just considering the immediate benefits during development such as easier and faster debugging, increased understandability of equations, and a reduced requirement for looking up details from the literature.

scholarly journals Aspects of non-grain part harvesting for corn and sunflower as solid biofuels

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Adamchuk, V. ◽  
Kuzmenko, V. ◽  
Kuzmych, A. ◽  
Maksimenko, V.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
Final Choice ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators

Purpose. Identification of promising technologies for harvesting the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which provide for the controlled collection of quality products in accordance with the needs. Methods. Analysis of common technological processes of harvesting straw and stem feed, the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower harvest, the synthesis of options for harvesting individual parts of the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crop and evaluating them by the possible harvest, experimental determination of the full harvest for a particular process. Results. Synthesized and analyzed options for harvesting the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which can be used in modern agricultural production. The analysis of the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower harvest was carried out. The proportion of the non-cereal part of the corn and sunflower crops, which can be collected with various harvesting options, has been established. Experimental studies have been carried out of individual operations of collecting the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crops. Conclusions. Harvesting the stem mass in a compacted form (rolls, bales) for energy needs is more appropriate than in loose form. Farms that grow corn and sunflower choose the technology of harvesting the non-cereal part of the crop, depending on the area of sowing of crops and needs in the stem mass. The investigated options for harvesting the non-cereal part of the crop provide a complete collection of the stem mass from 3.5 to 85.4%. The final choice of the option of harvesting raw materials is determined not only by the completeness of the collection of raw materials, but also by its technical and economic indicators. Keywords: non-cereal part of corn and sunflower harvest, technology of harvesting non-cereal part, solid biofuel.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE OF SPHERICAL SHELL / SFERINIO KEVALO SAUGOS RIBINIO BŪVIO ANALIZĖ

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Ulitinas ◽  
Stanislovas Kalanta ◽  
Juozas Atkočiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Limit Load ◽  
Mathematical Programming Problem ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Ultimate Limit

The article presents ultimate limit state analysis and limit load problem of a symmetrically loaded flat spherical shell. Physical parameters (modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio), shape, dimensions of the construction, load and its adding position and orientation are known. The mathematical model of the problem is formulated by technically computing the shells theory. The bending moments and axial forces are described by the second and the first degree polynomials. The element's differential statics equations, describing the balance between the internal and external forces, are replaced with algebraic equilibrium equations presented by the Bubnov-Galerkin method. The mathematical model and the calculation algorithm of the internal forces and displacements in the shell analysis problem are developed and formulated using statics and geometry equations. The construction is divided into countable elements, which are composed into a computational network. It is necessary to take into account not only the geometric shape of the structure, but also the distribution of load when the computational network of spherical shell is composed. The spherical shells are considered in the cylindrical (ρ,φ,z) co-ordinate system. The begining of the coordinate system is the construction center. The internal forces and the displacements are independent of j coordinates, when the load is symmetrical, so it is enough to investigate only one radial of the shell. The circular shell elements are connected by boundary nodes in the main nodes of the discrete model. The second-order circular element with three nodal (calculation) points in the one radial is used for discretization (Fig. 1). The mathematical model of elastic-plastic problem is a nonlinear mathematical programming problem. Elastic internal forces S e and displacements u e are calculated by mathematical model (10)–(11). The values of internal forces and displacement of the main nodes are shown in Fig. 5. The values of nodal displacements are given up to the factor pR 0 / E, while the values of the internal forces are given up to the factor pR 0. The problem of limit load parameter p is calculated by mathematical model (15)–(16). The strength conditions are tested at all elements nodes. The value of limit load is p=2, 568 N 0/R 0. The Internal forces diagrams are shown Fig. 7. They are a corresponded plastic decomposition of flat spherical shell. Santrauka Darbe pateikiama simetriškai apkrauto lėkšto sferinio kevalo saugos ribinio būvio analizė. Konstrukcijos fizikiniai parametrai, forma, matmenys, apkrova ir jos pridėjimo vieta ir kryptis yra žinomi. Nagrinėjamas tamprusis ir idealiai tamprus plastinis kevalas, pasitelkiant ekstreminį energetinį principą randami tikrieji įtempių ir deformacijų būviai. Tampraus būvio analizės uždavinio matematinis modelis formuluojamas taikant virtualių jėgų principą, o ribinės apkrovos nustatymo uždavinio matematinis modelis formuluojamas kaip netiesinis matematinio programavimo uždavinys.

scholarly journals Biomass valorisation of Arundo donax L., Miscanthus × giganteus and Sida hermaphrodita for biofuel production

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajana Krička ◽  
Ana Matin ◽  
Nikola Bilandžija ◽  
Vanja Jurišić ◽  
Alan Antonović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Biomass Valorisation ◽  
Lower Heating ◽  
The Eu

Abstract In the context of the growing demand for biomass, which is being encouraged by the EU directives on the promotion of the use of renewable energy, recent investigations have been increasingly focused on fast-growing energy crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the energy properties of three types of agricultural energy crops: Arundo donax L., Miscanthus × giganteus and Sida hermaphrodita. This investigation looked into the content of non-combustible and combustible matter, higher and lower heating values, lignocellulose content, and biomass macro-elements. The results indicate that the energy values of these crops are comparable, while their lignocellulose content shows significant variations. Thus, Arundo donax L. can best be utilised as solid biofuel due to its highest lignin content, while Miscanthus × giganteus and Sida hermaphrodita L. can be used for both liquid and solid biofuels production. As far as Arundo donax L. is concerned, a higher ash level should be taken into consideration.

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