scholarly journals The concurrence of Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy with Cardiovascular Risk Factors; reliable predictors of Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

HORMONES ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Ioannidis ◽  
Melpomeni Peppa ◽  
Phivi Rontogianni ◽  
Michael Callifronas ◽  
Christos Papadimitriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease

scholarly journals Epidemiological Analysis of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors in 1,508 Indian Adults Stratified by Age and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 608-612
Author(s):  
Sunil S. Thanvi ◽  
Sunil K. Karna ◽  
Utsav B Patel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Gender

BACKGROUND Routine screening of healthy individuals for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors is important for identification of high-risk coronary artery disease (CAD) patients at early stage and to provide preventive care. Considering the high burden of CAD, such investigations are of significant importance in Indian context. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, adult individuals (18 – 68 years) were evaluated for pre-existing diseases, lipid profile, blood glucose profile, thyroid profile, haemoglobin (Hb) and vitamins D3 and B12 levels after obtaining informed consent. These variables were compared between patients stratified based on their gender and age (< 40, 40 – 60, > 60 years). RESULTS A total of 1,508 participants (mean age: 49 ± 11 years; 49.9 % females) were investigated. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, anaemia, vitamin D3 and B12 deficiencies, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism were observed in 31.2 %, 26.5 %, 32.0 %, 8.6 %, 35.3 %, 25.1 %, 21.0 % and 0.6 % of patients respectively. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia increased with ageing, while deficiencies of Hb, vitamin D3, and vitamin B12 as well as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were comparable across all age groups. Males were more prone to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia, while females were more prone to have Hb deficiency, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood sugar (FBS), vitamin D3, and vitamin B12 were elevated with increase in age, while Hb levels decreased. Males exhibited higher levels of TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), TC / HDL, LDL / HDL, FBS, and Hb, while females displayed higher levels of vitamin D3 and B12. CONCLUSIONS Our findings verify the role of age and gender on majority of cardiovascular risk factors. The high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is alarming and demands the need for appropriate health-care measures. KEYWORDS Age, Coronary Artery Disease, Gender, Risk Factor

Abstract 6133: Microvascular Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation in Patients without Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Recio-Mayoral ◽  
Justin C Mason ◽  
Juan C Kaski ◽  
Michael B Rubens ◽  
Olivier A Harari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Early Marker ◽  
Artery Disease

Premature coronary atherosclerosis, which is actually seen as an active inflammatory process, is an established complication of systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesized that exposure to chronic inflammation, even in the absence of classical cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), could result in coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), an early marker of coronary atherosclerosis. By means of positron emission tomography in combination with oxygen-15 labeled water, myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured at rest and during iv adenosine infusion (140 μg/kg/min) in 13 SLE and 12 RA patients (mean [±SD] age 44±10 years) without CVRF. All patients underwent coronary angiography using multi-slice (64 slices) computed tomography and only those with none or trivial coronary artery disease (<30% luminal stenosis) were included. A group of 25 age- and gender-matched controls were also studied. There were no differences between patients and controls regarding body-mass index, blood pressure and lipid parameters. RA and SLE patients showed similar mean disease duration (16±11 and 11±7 years, respectively; p=0.12). Resting MBF was similar in patients and controls (1.25±0.27 vs 1.15±0.24 ml/min/g, p=0.15). However, during adenosine stress patients had lower MBF compared with controls (2.94±0.83 vs 4.11±0.84 ml/min/g, p<0.001). As result, coronary flow reserve (CFR; adenosine/resting MBF) was significantly reduced in patients (2.44±0.78) compared with controls (3.81±1.07; p<0.001). Seven patients showed ischemic electrocardiographic changes during adenosine and had a more severe reduction in CFR (1.76±0.81) and more years of disease (21±7 years) compared with those patients without ischemic changes (CFR 2.49±0.54; p=0.006; duration of disease 14±5 years; p=0.03). CFR was inversely correlated with years of disease (r=−0.65, p<0.001), but not with corticosteroid cumulative dose (r=0.20, p=0.39). Chronic inflammation in the absence of traditional CVRF is characterized by severe CMD. This may represent an early marker of disease which precedes and contributes to premature coronary artery disease in patients with RA and SLE.

Abdominal aortic calcification is associated with morbidity of cardiovascular disease and Fib-4 index in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Togashi ◽  
Jun Shirakawa ◽  
Daisuke Miyashita ◽  
Mayu Kyohara ◽  
Tomoko Okuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Calcification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background: Little is known about the association between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients with diabetes. This study evaluated the cross-sectional association between AAC and CVD morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 285 inpatients with type 2 diabetes. The lateral view of an abdominal X-ray image obtained while each subject was in a standing position was examined, and the AAC score and AAC length, corresponding to the area of calcific deposits in the anterior and posterior aortic wall for the L1-4 and L1-5 regions, respectively, were measured. The associations between the AAC scores and lengths and the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebral infarction (CI), and peripheral artery disease (PAD) were then assessed. The correlation between the AAC grades and other clinical factors were also evaluated. Results: The degree of AAC was significantly correlated with a higher prevalence of CAD and CI but not PAD after adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors. The AAC score was inversely correlated with BMI, and both the AAC score and the AAC length were correlated with the Fib-4 index; these correlations persisted after adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors and BMI, although AAC was not associated with ultrasonography-diagnosed fatty liver. Conclusion: AAC is associated with CAD and CI morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes. AAC grading also predicts the Fib-4 index, a hepatic fibrosis marker, suggesting a novel potential predictor of liver disease that is independent of cardiovascular risk factors and obesity.

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