Construction of Super Saturated Design Using Hadamard Matrix and Its E(S2) Optimality

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 829-834
Author(s):  
Salawu Saheed
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Hadamard Matrix ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Supersaturated Design ◽  
Saturated Design

Supersaturated design is essentially a fractional factorial design in which the number of potential effects is greater than the number of runs. In this paper, a super-saturated design is constructed using half fraction of Hadamard matrix of order N. A Hadamard matrix of order N, can investigate up to N 2 factors in N/2 runs. Result is shown in N = 16. The extension to larger N is adaptable.

Optimization of PES Nanocomposite Membrane Preparation Using Statistical Analysis and Experimental Design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Orooji ◽  
Fatemeh Noorisafa ◽  
Nahid Imami ◽  
Amir R. Chaharmahali
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Nanocomposite Membrane ◽  
Membrane Preparation ◽  
Membrane Fabrication

<p>Using experimental design and statistical analysis (½ Fractional Factorial Design), this study investigates the effect of different parameters in the membrane fabrication on the performance of nanocomposite PES/TiO<sub>2</sub> membrane. </p>

scholarly journals Fabrication of a Silicide Thermoelectric Module Employing Fractional Factorial Design Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim S. Graff ◽  
Raphael Schuler ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
Gustavo Castillo-Hernandez ◽  
Gunstein Skomedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Taguchi Methods ◽  
Dimensional Parameter ◽  
Cu Metallization ◽  
Manganese Silicide ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThermoelectric modules can be used in waste heat harvesting, sensing, and cooling applications. Here, we report on the fabrication and performance of a four-leg module based on abundant silicide materials. While previously optimized Mg2Si0.3Sn0.675Bi0.025 is used as the n-type leg, we employ a fractional factorial design based on the Taguchi methods mapping out a four-dimensional parameter space among Mnx-εMoεSi1.75−δGeδ higher manganese silicide compositions for the p-type material. The module is assembled using a scalable fabrication process, using a Cu metallization layer and a Pb-based soldering paste. The maximum power output density of 53 μW cm–2 is achieved at a hot-side temperature of 250 °C and a temperature difference of 100 °C. This low thermoelectric output is related to the high contact resistance between the thermoelectric materials and the metallic contacts, underlining the importance of improved metallization schemes for thermoelectric module assembly.

scholarly journals Producing Magnetic Nanocomposites from Paper Sludge for the Adsorptive Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water—A Fractional Factorial Design

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Luciana S. Rocha ◽  
Érika M. L. Sousa ◽  
María V. Gil ◽  
João A. B. P. Oliveira ◽  
Marta Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Iron Salts

In view of a simple after-use separation, the potentiality of producing magnetic activated carbon (MAC) by intercalation of ferromagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles in the framework of a powder activated carbon (PAC) produced from primary paper sludge was explored in this work. The synthesis conditions to produce cost effective and efficient MACs for the adsorptive removal of pharmaceuticals (amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and diclofenac) from aqueous media were evaluated. For this purpose, a fractional factorial design (FFD) was applied to assess the effect of the most significant variables (Fe3+ to Fe2+ salts ratio, PAC to iron salts ratio, temperature, and pH), on the following responses concerning the resulting MACs: Specific surface area (SBET), saturation magnetization (Ms), and adsorption percentage of amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and diclofenac. The statistical analysis revealed that the PAC to iron salts mass ratio was the main factor affecting the considered responses. A quadratic linear regression model A = f(SBET, Ms) was adjusted to the FFD data, allowing to differentiate four of the eighteen MACs produced. These MACs were distinguished by being easily recovered from aqueous phase using a permanent magnet (Ms of 22–27 emu g−1), and their high SBET (741–795 m2 g−1) were responsible for individual adsorption percentages ranging between 61% and 84% using small MAC doses (35 mg L−1).

Optimization of Magnesium Separation and Extraction from Boron Slurry Using Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 366-369
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Rong Fu ◽  
Ming Yang Qian ◽  
Zhu Min Wang ◽  
Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Effective Factors

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the soaking Mg leaching ratio from the boron slurry screened by 25 fractional factorial design. Five effective factors such as H2SO4 concentrations, reaction time, reaction temperature and stir velocity were tested by using 25 fractional factorial design criterion and three effective factors H2SO4 concentrations, reaction time and reaction temperature showed significant effect(P2SO4 concentrations of 0.29mol/l, reaction time of 90 min and reaction temperature of 50°C. Three runs of additional confirmation experiments were conducted. The mixture magnesium leaching value was 58.20%.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Pollutants from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated and Non-Activated Oak Shells: Parametric and Fractional Factorial Design Study. Part II. Removal of Phenol and Dyes

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Sameer Al-Asheh ◽  
Fawzi Banat ◽  
Rana Saeidi ◽  
Salam Abu Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph

As in Part I, non-activated (natural) and chemically activated oak shells were evaluated for their ability to remove phenol and Methylene Blue (as a typical dye component) from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of contact time, sorbent concentration, phenol concentration and the pH of the solution on the sorption process. Activated oak shells adsorbed more phenol than natural oak shells under the same conditions. A decrease in sorbent concentration or an increase in phenol concentration or solution pH resulted in an increase in phenol uptake by the oak shells. The uptake of Methylene Blue increased with decreasing sorbent concentration and with an increase in the dye concentration, but decreased significantly with solution pH. According to the fractional factorial design technique, the sorbent type employed (natural or activated) had the most significant influence on phenol or Methylene Blue uptake followed by sorbent concentration and then sorbate concentration. Interaction amongst the different operating variables played an important role in the uptake of phenol or Methylene Blue dye by the adsorbent considered.

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