FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS AND ADIPOKINES IN HIV-INFECTED OLDER ADULTS

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
K.N. SHAH ◽  
Z. MAJEED ◽  
H. YANG ◽  
J.J. GUIDO ◽  
T.N. HILTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

Background: There is a significant increase in the number of HIV-infected older adults (HOA). This population may experience functional decline at a much younger age. Little is known about the relationship between functional limitations and systemic adipokines in HOA. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between functional limitations and systemic adipokine levels in HOA population. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Academic hospital-based infectious disease clinic. Participants: The study investigated community-dwelling HIV-infected adults >50 years old and compared this group with age, gender and BMI comparable healthy controls. Measurements: We measured functional status, body composition and plasma concentrations of adipokines. Results: Fifty-four HOA were studied (mean: age 57 years, BMI 29 kg/m2, CD4 604, duration of HIV 17 years) and compared with thirty-two age, gender and BMI comparable healthy controls. The HOA group showed significantly higher functional limitations compared to the age, gender and BMI comparable controls (p<0.05). Levels of adipokines were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). Multiple regression analyses indicated that adiponectin and visfatin were significantly correlated with several physical function measures after controlling for age, sex, and metabolic comorbidities. Adiponectin was negatively correlated with functional limitations, and this relationship was stronger in the control group compared to the HOA group. Conversely, visfatin was positively correlated with functional limitations only in the HOA group. Conclusion: HOA have significant functional limitations and alteration in adipokine levels compared to controls. Adiponectin and visfatin were associated with functional limitations. Visfatin was a correlate of physical function only in the HOA group. Prospective longitudinal studies could provide further insight on the role of adipokines in HIV-related functional decline.

Clustering of Domain-Specific Sedentary Behaviors and Their Association With Physical Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-714
Author(s):  
Seigo Mitsutake ◽  
Ai Shibata ◽  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Shiho Amagasa ◽  
Hiroyuki Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: The present study examined the cluster of domain-specific sedentary behaviors (SBs) and their associations with physical function among community-dwelling older adults to identify the target groups that require intervention for SBs. Methods: A total of 314 older adults who participated in a population-based cross-sectional survey and an on-site functional assessment in Matsudo City in Chiba participated in this study. Participants were asked to report the daily average of 6 domain-specific SBs. To identify the cluster of domain-specific SBs, hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using the Ward method. Analysis of covariance adjusted for sociodemographic factors, exercise habit, chronic disease, and total SB time was performed to examine the associations between each cluster and physical functional status. Results: The average age of the participants was 74.5 (5.2) years. The 4 clusters identified were leisure cluster, low cluster, work and personal computer use cluster, and television viewing cluster. The analysis of covariance adjusted for covariates showed that grip strength (P = .01), maximum walking speed (P = .03), and 1-leg standing time (P = .03) were significantly poorer in the television viewing cluster than other clusters. Conclusions: It has been concluded that the television viewing group identified as a high-risk group of physical functional decline; therefore, interventions targeting this group are needed to prevent physical functional decline.

scholarly journals Limitations in Physical Activities and Loneliness: The Role of Guilt for Perceiving Oneself as a Burden

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 457-457
Author(s):  
María del Sequeros Chaparro ◽  
Isabel Cabrera ◽  
Carlos Vara-García ◽  
José Adrián Fernandes-Pires ◽  
Samara Barrera-Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Loneliness is a prevalent problem associated with negative health consequences for older adults, such as greater cognitive decline. Limitations to perform physical activities have been associated with greater loneliness in older adults. This association could be moderated by maladaptive social cognition or feelings, such as guilt associated with perceiving oneself as a burden. The objective of this study was to analyze the moderating effect of guilt associated with perceiving oneself as a burden in the relationship between limitations in physical activities and loneliness. Participants were 195 community-dwelling people 60 years or older not showing explicit cognitive or functional limitations that prevent activities of daily life, but who may present limitations in some physical activities (e.g., walking a kilometer or more). A linear regression analysis was conducted for testing the interaction between limitations in physical activities and guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden in loneliness, controlling for gender and age. The interaction between limitations in physical activities and guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden was the only significant predictor of loneliness and the model explained 18.30% of the variance. Limitations in physical activities influenced loneliness when people have high levels of guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden. This study suggests that guilt for perceiving oneself as a burden may play an important role in the association between limitations in some physical activities and loneliness.

scholarly journals Hospitalization-Associated Change in Gait Speed and Risk of Functional Limitations for Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1657-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Duan-Porter ◽  
Tien N Vo ◽  
Kristen Ullman ◽  
Lisa Langsetmo ◽  
Elsa S Strotmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Hospitalization-associated functional decline is a common problem for older adults, but it is unclear how hospitalizations affect physical performance measures such as gait speed. We sought to determine hospitalization-associated change in gait speed and likelihood of new limitations in mobility and activities of daily living (ADLs). Methods We used longitudinal data over 5 years from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, a prospective cohort of black and white community-dwelling men and women, aged 70–79 years, who had no limitations in mobility (difficulty walking 1/4 mile or climbing 10 steps) or ADLs (transferring, bathing, dressing, and eating) at baseline. Gait speed, and new self-reported limitations in mobility and ADLs were assessed annually. Selected participants (n = 2,963) had no limitations at the beginning of each 1-year interval. Hospitalizations were self-reported every 6 months and verified with medical record data. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine hospitalization-associated change in gait speed and odds of new limitations over each 1-year interval. Fully adjusted models included demographics, hospitalization within the past year, health conditions, symptoms, body mass index, and health-related behaviors. Results In fully adjusted models, any hospitalization was associated with decrease in gait speed (−0.04 m/s; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.05 to −0.03) and higher odds of new limitations in mobility or ADLs (odds ratio = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.70–2.28), and separately with increased odds of new mobility limitation (odds ratio = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.90–2.60) and new ADL limitations (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.53–2.21). Multiple hospitalizations within a year were associated with gait speed decline (−0.06 m/s; 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.04) and greater odds of new limitations in mobility or ADLs (odds ratio = 2.96, 95% CI: 2.23–3.95). Conclusions Functionally independent older adults experienced hospitalization-associated declines in gait speed and new limitations in mobility and ADLs.

scholarly journals Factors associated with functional loss among community-dwelling Mexican older adults

Biomédica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-556
Author(s):  
Nicolás Castellanos-Perilla ◽  
Miguel Germán Borda ◽  
Álvaro Fernández-Quilez ◽  
Vera Aarsland ◽  
Hogne Soennesyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Functional status decline is related to many negative outcomes.Objective: To explore the relationship of sociodemographic, medical, and psychological factors with the incidence of functional status decline in Mexican older adults.Materials and methods: Data from the 2012 and 2015 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) survey were analyzed. Participants with previous functional status decline at baseline were excluded. We assessed functional status decline individually with activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADLs) in an individual way.Results: Age was associated with functional limitations in ADL. Being male had an association with limitations for IADL. A poor financial situation and lower education related to higher limitations for ADL. Furthermore, pain, comorbidities, and depression were found to be independently associated with limitations in ADL. IADL limitation was associated with age, poor education, comorbidities, and depression, as well as cognitive impairment.Conclusions: We found that factors such as age, financial status, educational level, pain, and the number of comorbidities were associated with the incidence of functional status decline. Pain had a greater association in the 3-year functional ADL decline incidence when compared with cognitive impairment. Studying functional decline by domains allowed us to find more detailed information to identify factors susceptible to intervention with the aim to reduce the incidence of functional status decline and dependence.

scholarly journals Fat Modulates the Relationship between Sarcopenia and Physical Function in Nonobese Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Diana I. Brixner ◽  
Sameer Ghate ◽  
Paul LaStayo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

It is intuitive to think that sarcopenia should be associated with declines in physical function though recent evidence questions this assertion. This study investigated the relationship between absolute and relative sarcopenia, with physical performance in 202 nonobese (mean BMI=26.6 kg/ht2) community-dwelling older (mean age =73.8±5.9years) adults. While absolute sarcopenia (appendicular skeletal mass (ASM)/ht2) was either not associated, or weakly associated with physical performance, relative sarcopenia (ASM/kg) demonstrated moderate (r=0.31tor=0.51,P<0.01) relationships with performance outcomes in both males and females. Knee extension strength (r=0.27) and leg extension power (r=0.41) were both related to absolute sarcopenia (P<0.001) in females and not in males. Strength and power were associated with relative sarcopenia in both sexes (fromr=0.47tor=0.67, P<0.001). The ratio of lean mass to total body mass, that is, relative sarcopenia, is an important consideration relative to physical function in older adults even in the absence of obesity. Stratifying these individuals into equal tertiles of total body fat revealed a trend of diminished regression coefficients across each incrementally higher fat grouping for performance measures, providing further evidence that total body fat modulates the relationship between sarcopenia and physical function.

scholarly journals What is the Relationship between Functional Limitations, Pain, and Self-Perceptions of Aging?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 607-608
Author(s):  
Jillian Minahan ◽  
Ashley Blasi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Self-perceptions of aging (SPA) influences health and mortality during older adulthood (e.g., Kotter-Grühn et al., 2009; Sargent-Cox et al., 2012). Westerhof and Wurm (2015) found that increasing functional limitations (FL) worsened older adults’ SPA. Additional research is needed to identify other factors that influence SPA. Although pain is common among older adults and is a frequent cause of disability (e.g., Brooks et al., 2019), it has not been examined as a factor influencing SPA. Pain is often misperceived as an inevitable part of aging because of widely held negative stereotypes about aging (Thielke et al., 2012). The experience of pain may activate internalized negative stereotypes about aging, which may worsen SPA. Thus, this study investigated: 1) the relationship between chronic and recent pain, FL, and SPA, and 2) the interactive effect of FL and pain on SPA within a sample of community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older. This study included 5,126 participants from the 2014 wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Controlling for covariates, chronic pain (β = .09, p &lt; .001) and recent pain (β = .12, p &lt; .001) were associated with negative SPA and were stronger than FL (β = .04, p &lt; .01). There was also a small interaction between FL and recent pain on SPA (β = -.03, p &lt; .01) such that the negative impact of FL on SPA was stronger among individuals who reported low pain. These findings highlight the importance of pain in older adults’ evaluation of their own aging.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF URINARY INCONTINENCE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DECLINED COGNITIVE AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: A REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Resshaya Roobini Murukesu ◽  
Suzana Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

In this review we aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its association with declined cognitive and physical function among community dwelling older adults.  Literature review was performed using multiple online databases including MEDLINE, Science Direct and Wiley Online Library from June 2000 to April 2017. Hand searching of bibliographies of relevant studies was also carried out. The studies included of those conducted from within the last 17 years; assessed and compared according to population characteristics, definition of urinary incontinence, prevalence and its association with cognitive and physical functional decline. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria of this review. Prevalence rates of UI among community dwelling older adults ranged from 10% to 53% (median 32%). Physical functional decline in terms of mobility, locomotion and activities of daily living interruptions were found to be correlated with UI. Although limited, the existing evidence also showed an association between declined cognitive function and UI.

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