scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL ADEQUACY AND ORAL NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION IN OLDER COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
L. McKeever ◽  
I.C. Farrar ◽  
S. Sulo ◽  
J. Partridge ◽  
P. Sheean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Inadequate Dietary Intake ◽  
Hispanic White

Background: Older adults (65 years and older) comprise a high-risk group that are susceptible to the development of malnutrition. Dietary intake and diet quality represent key modifiable risk factors to help prevent and to treat declines in nutrition status, with oral nutritional supplements (ONS) often being a cost-effective therapy for many to increase protein and caloric intake. The DETERMINE Checklist offers a series of questions capable of mapping the initial landscape of contextual factors that influence the dietary patterns of the at-risk populations. Objectives: To examine independent predictors of inadequate dietary intake and poor diet quality amongst a multi-ethnic sample of urban community-dwelling older adults in an effort to identify target groups of participants that could benefit most from an ONS intervention. Design: Cross-sectional. Participants: Chicago, Illinois, United States urban residents greater than 55 years of age who self-reported to be non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Hispanic. Methods: Telephone surveys were conducted to obtain basic demographic information. The DETERMINE Checklist was administered to (1) characterize participants’ nutritional risk, and (2) identify participants with inadequate intake and/or poor diet quality. Predictors of inadequate intake, defined as any participant who reported either to eat less than two meals per day and/or poor diet quality, defined as any participant who reported to eat few fruits, vegetables or dairy were used to identify groups of participants who could benefit most from ONS consumption. Mantel-Hanzel chi square, Breslow-day tests, and logistic regressions were conducted. Results: 1001 ethnically diverse participants were interviewed (37% non-Hispanic White, 37% non-Hispanic Black, and 26% Hispanic). Respondents were predominantly female (69%) with a mean age of 66.9 (± 6.4) years. The majority were found to be at either moderate or high nutrition risk (78.7%). Domains of the DETERMINE Checklist that predicted either inadequate dietary intake or poor diet quality included social isolation, lower levels of educational attainment, food insecurity, limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), polypharmacy, or three or more alcoholic drinks per day. Of the participants who met the criteria as those who would benefit from ONS, less than 50% had reported consuming ONS in the past six months. Conclusion: Older community-dwelling adults living in an urban setting, especially those with social isolation, lower levels of education, food insecurity, limitations with ADLs, polypharmacy, and those reporting heavy alcohol intake represent a population who could benefit from consuming ONS. Efforts should be made towards further understanding these contextual factors and providing nutrition education along with an ONS intervention that could be beneficial to supplement dietary inadequacies in this population.

Dietary Intake of Older Adults in the Kingston Area

2003 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Dewolfe ◽  
Kristine Millan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Diet Score

The objectives of this research were to describe the dietary intake and identify risk factors for poor dietary intake in communitydwelling older adults living in the Kingston, Frontenac, and Lennox & Addington Health Unit area. Dietary intake information was collected from a convenience sample of 105 relatively healthy, active older adults (84 women, 21 men) using 24-hour recalls from three non-consecutive days. Risk factors for poor dietary intake were identified through a structured interview. Multiple linear regression was used to generate a model to predict dietary intake, which was measured using a diet score based on Canada’s Food Guide to Healthy Eating. Group averages reflected reasonable diet quality, but some subjects had very low nutrient intakes, particularly of zinc and vitamins B6, B12, and C. On average, women had a lower-than-recommended intake from all food groups, while men consumed adequate amounts of all food groups except milk products. Higher scores indicated better overall diet quality, and the following were significant predictors of a high diet score: “almost always” preparing one’s own meals, food “almost always” or “sometimes/never” tasting good, eating lunch every day, and taking fewer prescription medications. This model requires validation with a larger and more diverse population of community-dwelling older adults.

CN05: Prospective Associations of Poor Diet Quality with Incident Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Health ABC Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. S2-S3
Author(s):  
L.M. Hengeveld ◽  
H.A.H. Wijnhoven ◽  
M.R. Olthof ◽  
I.A. Brouwer ◽  
E.M. Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Food Insecurity, Food Environments, and Disparities in Diet Quality and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 498-498
Author(s):  
Yeon Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Poor Diet

Abstract Food insecurity is a public health concern that is associated with poor diet and obesity. Poor food environments with low access to healthy, affordable food may amplify the negative impact of food insecurity on diet and obesity. This study aims to investigate whether food insecurity and food environments are jointly associated with an increased risk of poor diet quality and obesity. We used data from a nationally representative sample of 6,395 older adults in the Health and Retirement Study Health Care and Nutrition Survey and the National Neighborhood Data Archive. Weighted regression models were estimated to examine the relationship between food insecurity and food environments with diet quality and obesity. Both food insecurity and poor food environment were associated with lower healthy eating index scores, indicating poorer quality diet. Food insecure older adults were more likely to be obese than food secure older adults and poor food environments exacerbate the negative impact of food insecurity on obesity risk. However, there was no statistical difference in obesity risk by food environment among food secure respondents. Findings from this study highlight the negative impact of limited access to healthy food due to financial difficulties and/or poor food environments on diet quality and obesity risk. Providing financial or nutritional supports along with efforts to promote healthy food environment may reduce disparities in diet quality and obesity. Special support should be provided to food insecure older adults with poor food environment, those at the greatest risk of poor diet quality and obesity.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and poor diet quality are associated with reduced quality of life in older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna C. Russell ◽  
Victoria M. Flood ◽  
Heather Yeatman ◽  
Jie Jin Wang ◽  
Paul Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Poor Diet

Malnutrition, low diet quality and its risk factors among older adults with low socio-economic status: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
N. S. Nazri ◽  
D. Vanoh ◽  
S. K. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Poor Diet

Abstract Low socio-economic status (SES) is often associated with various health-related problems. Therefore, the present paper aims to review the available literature to identify the prevalence of malnutrition, prevalence of poor diet quality and its associated risk factors among older adults with low SES. A literature search was performed using four databases, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer and Science Direct. The search terms used were ‘diet quality’, ‘nutritional status’, ‘dietary intake’, ‘overweight’, ‘obesity’, ‘underweight’, ‘older people’ and ‘low socioeconomic status (SES)’. The overall prevalence of undernutrition among older adults with low SES worldwide was in the range of 28·9 to 48 %, while overnutrition was reported to be between 8·1 to 28·2 %. In Asia, the prevalence of undernourished older adults ranged from 3 to 64·9 %, while 2·5 to 32·8 % were overnourished. Most of the studies (60 %) included in the present review used BMI as the tool to identify malnutrition, but none of the nutritional screening tools were considered to be the ‘gold standard’. For dietary assessment, FFQ and multiple 24 h dietary recall improved the estimation of individual dietary intake. Risk factors for poor diet quality included financial hardship, functional limitation, sex, place of residence, smoking and oral health. Poor nutritional status, especially lack of good-quality diet, and thinness are prevalent among older adults with low SES. Hence, it is important to establish nutrition-related programmes and intervention studies among this group of individuals for improving their health status and quality of life.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina Miyawaki ◽  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

scholarly journals COVID-19 lockdown has altered the dynamics between affective symptoms and social isolation among older adults: results from a longitudinal network analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Yu ◽  
Rathi Mahendran
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Correlation Networks ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractThe COVID-19 lockdown has drastically limited social interactions and brought about a climate of fear and uncertainty. These circumstances not only increased affective symptoms and social isolation among community dwelling older adults but also alter the dynamics between them. Using network analyses, we study the changes in these dynamics before and during the lockdown. Community-dwelling older adults (N = 419) completed questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety, and social isolation, before the COVID-19 pandemic, as part of a cohort study, and during the lockdown period. The total scores of these questionnaires were compared across time. For the network analyses, partial correlation networks were constructed using items in the questionnaires as nodes, separately at both timepoints. Changes in edges, as well as nodal and bridge centrality were examined across time. Depression and anxiety symptoms, and social isolation had significantly increased during the lockdown. Significant changes were observed across time on several edges. Greater connectivity between the affective and social isolation nodes at lockdown was observed. Depression symptoms have become more tightly coupled across individuals, and so were the anxiety symptoms. Depression symptoms have also become slightly decoupled from those of anxiety. These changing network dynamics reflect the greater influence of social isolation on affective symptoms across individuals and an increased vulnerability to affective disorders. These findings provide novel perspectives and translational implications on the changing mental health context amidst a COVID-19 pandemic situation.

scholarly journals The Association Between Personality and Homebound Status in Older Adults: Results From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina E Miyawaki ◽  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Personality is associated with predictors of homebound status like frailty, incident falls, and depression. It has been rarely investigated whether personality predicts homebound status among older adults. Using the combining cross-sectional data of the Year 2013 and Year 2014 data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), this study examined the association between personality traits and homebound status in a sample of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older (N=2,788). Homebound status (non-homebound, semi-homebound, and homebound) was determined by the frequency, difficulty, and help of outdoor mobility. Personality traits, including conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and neuroticism were assessed using the 10-item Midlife Development Inventory on a rating scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (a lot). Each personality trait was included as a predictor in an ordinal logistic regression model to examine its association with homebound status after adjusting demographic and health-related covariates. The sample was on average 79±7.53 years old, non-Hispanic White (72.0%), female (58.6%), living alone (35.4%) or with spouse/partner only (37.4%). Seventy-four percent, 18%, and 8% of participants were non-homebound, semi-homebound, and homebound, respectively. Homebound participants tended to be less-educated older females. The average scores of conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and neuroticism were 3.19±0.75, 3.57±0.56, 2.81±0.83, 3.13±0.75, and 2.22±0.86, respectively. Among these five personality traits, high conscientiousness (OR=1.34, p<0.001) and extraversion (OR=1.16, p=.03) were associated with a reduced likelihood of being homebound. These findings provided a basis for potential personality assessment to identify and protect individuals with high homebound risk.

scholarly journals Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7067
Author(s):  
Esther García-Esquinas ◽  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Iago Gine-Vázquez ◽  
José A. Carnicero ◽  
Asier Mañas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If another lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should specially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions.

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