A Functional Genomics Approach to Vaccine Development Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the Role MmpL13 Plays in Tuberculosis Infection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Strong
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection

scholarly journals Effectiveness of BCG Vaccination Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Adults: A Cross-sectional Analysis of a UK-Based Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea L Katelaris ◽  
Charlotte Jackson ◽  
Jo Southern ◽  
Rishi K Gupta ◽  
Francis Drobniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background BCG appears to reduce acquisition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children, measured using interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs). We explored whether BCG vaccination continues to be associated with decreased prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection in adults. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from adult contacts of tuberculosis cases participating in a UK cohort study. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) of BCG, ascertained based on presence of a scar or vaccination history, against latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), measured via IGRA, was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. The effects of age at BCG and time since vaccination were also explored. Results Of 3453 recent tuberculosis contacts, 27.5% had LTBI. There was strong evidence of an association between BCG and LTBI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval, .56–.87; P = .0017) yielding a VE of 30%. VE declined with time since vaccination but there was evidence that LTBI prevalence was lower amongst vaccinated individuals even >20 years after vaccination, compared with nonvaccinated participants. Conclusions BCG is associated with lower prevalence of LTBI in adult contacts of tuberculosis. These results contribute to growing evidence that suggests BCG may protect against M. tuberculosis infection as well as disease. This has implications for immunization programs, vaccine development, and tuberculosis control efforts worldwide. Clinical trials registration NCT01162265.

scholarly journals Deletion of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidases alters the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Virulence ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1227-1238
Author(s):  
Nathan Scott Kieswetter ◽  
Mumin Ozturk ◽  
Shelby-Sara Jones ◽  
Sibusiso Senzani ◽  
Melissa Dalcina Chengalroyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection
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