Physiological determinants of genotypic variation in sugarcane transpiration efficiency under different environmental conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sijesh Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency

scholarly journals The Impact of Different Environmental Conditions during Vegetative Propagation on Growth, Survival, and Biochemical Characteristics in Populus Hybrids in Clonal Field Trial

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 892
Author(s):  
Valda Gudynaitė-Franckevičienė ◽  
Alfas Pliūra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Growing Conditions

To have a cleaner environment, good well-being, and improve the health of citizens it is necessary to expand green urban and suburban areas using productive and adapted material of tree species. The quality of urban greenery, resistance to negative climate change factors and pollution, as well as efficiency of short-rotation forestry in suburban areas, depends primarily on the selection of hybrids and clones, suitable for the local environmental conditions. We postulate that ecogenetic response, phenotypic plasticity, and genotypic variation of hybrid poplars (Populus L.) grown in plantations are affected not only by the peculiarities of hybrids and clones, but also by environmental conditions of their vegetative propagation. The aim of the present study was to estimate growth and biochemical responses, the phenotypic plasticity, genotypic variation of adaptive traits, and genetically regulated adaptability of Populus hybrids in field trials which may be predisposed by the simulated contrasting temperature conditions at their vegetative propagation phase. The research was performed with the 20 cultivars and experimental clones of one intraspecific cross and four different interspecific hybrids of poplars propagated under six contrasting temperature regimes in phytotron. The results suggest that certain environmental conditions during vegetative propagation not only have a short-term effect on tree viability and growth, but also can help to adapt to climate change conditions and grow successfully in the long-term. It was found that tree growth and biochemical traits (the chlorophyll A and B, pigments content and the chlorophyll A/B ratio) of hybrid poplar clones grown in field trials, as well as their traits’ genetic parameters, were affected by the rooting-growing conditions during vegetative propagation phase. Hybrids P. balsamifera × P. trichocarpa, and P. trichocarpa × P. trichocarpa have shown the most substantial changes of biochemical traits across vegetative propagation treatments in field trial. Rooting-growing conditions during vegetative propagation had also an impact on coefficients of genotypic variation and heritability in hybrid poplar clones when grown in field trials.

Genotypic Variation in Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Transpiration Efficiency in Wheat. Leaf Gas Exchange and Whole Plant Studies

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Condon ◽  
GD Farquhar ◽  
RA Richards
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency ◽  
Layer Resistance ◽  
Boundary Layer Resistance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Canopy Water

The relationship between carbon isotope discrimination, Δ, measured in plant dry matter and the ratio of intercellular to atmospheric partial pressures of CO2, pi/pa, in leaves was examined in two glasshouse experiments using 14 wheat genotypes selected on the basis of variation in Δ of dry matter. Genotypic variation in Δ was similar in both experiments, with an average range of 1.8 x 10-3. Variation in pi/pa was significant but the range in pi/pa was relatively small, averaging 0.075. In both experiments, Δ measured in dry matter and pi/pa measured in flag leaves were positively correlated. Variation among genotypes in pi/pa was attributed, approximately equally, to variation in leaf conductance and in photosynthetic capacity. The relationship between plant transpiration efficiency, W* (the amount of above-ground dry matter produced per unit water transpired) and � was also examined. There was a negative correlation between W * and Δ; under well watered conditions and under gradually increasing terminal water stress. The relationship between W* of stressed plants and Δ measured in well watered plants was also negative. These results indicate that genotypic variation in Δ measured in dry matter should provide a reasonable measure of genotypic variation in long-term mean leaf pi/pa in wheat. Further, selection for improved plant transpiration efficiency in wheat under both well watered and terminally water- stressed conditions should be possible based on Δ measured in well watered plants. The extent to which such selection will be effective in improving transpiration efficiency at the field canopy level may depend on the influence of boundary layer resistance on transpirationsal water loss. Under well watered conditions and at full canopy closure, the influence of boundary layer resistance on canopy water loss may be relatively large and stomatal control of water loss may be limited. Under water stress, stomatal control of canopy water loss will be greater.

Genotypic variation in whole-plant transpiration efficiency in sorghum only partly aligns with variation in stomatal conductance

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Geetika ◽  
Erik J. van Oosterom ◽  
Barbara George-Jaeggli ◽  
Miranda Y. Mortlock ◽  
Kurt S. Deifel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency ◽  
Plant Transpiration ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Whole Plant

Water scarcity can limit sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) production in dryland agriculture, but increased whole-plant transpiration efficiency (TEwp, biomass production per unit of water transpired) can enhance grain yield in such conditions. The objectives of this study were to quantify variation in TEwp for 27 sorghum genotypes and explore the linkages of this variation to responses of the underpinning leaf-level processes to environmental conditions. Individual plants were grown in large lysimeters in two well-watered experiments. Whole-plant transpiration per unit of green leaf area (TGLA) was monitored continuously and stomatal conductance and maximum photosynthetic capacity were measured during sunny conditions on recently expanded leaves. Leaf chlorophyll measurements of the upper five leaves of the main shoot were conducted during early grain filling. TEwp was determined at harvest. The results showed that diurnal patterns in TGLA were determined by vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and by the response of whole-plant conductance to radiation and VPD. Significant genotypic variation in the response of TGLA to VPD occurred and was related to genotypic differences in stomatal conductance. However, variation in TGLA explained only part of the variation in TEwp, with some of the residual variation explained by leaf chlorophyll readings, which were a reflection of photosynthetic capacity. Genotypes with different genetic background often differed in TEwp, TGLA and leaf chlorophyll, indicating potential differences in photosynthetic capacity among these groups. Observed differences in TEwp and its component traits can affect adaptation to drought stress.

Genotypic Variation of Osmotic Adjustment, Water-use and Transpiration Efficiency among Closely Related Wheat Lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingwu Xue ◽  
B. A. Stewart ◽  
Mark D. Lazar ◽  
Giovanni Piccinni ◽  
Clay D. Salisbury
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals Genotypic variation in a foundation tree ( Populus tremula L.) explains community structure of associated epiphytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 20140190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantel Davies ◽  
Christopher J. Ellis ◽  
Glenn R. Iason ◽  
Richard A. Ennos
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Foundation Species ◽  
Community Genetics ◽  
Epiphyte Community

Community genetics hypothesizes that within a foundation species, the genotype of an individual significantly influences the assemblage of dependent organisms. To assess whether these intra-specific genetic effects are ecologically important, it is required to compare their impact on dependent organisms with that attributable to environmental variation experienced over relevant spatial scales. We assessed bark epiphytes on 27 aspen ( Populus tremula L.) genotypes grown in a randomized experimental array at two contrasting sites spanning the environmental conditions from which the aspen genotypes were collected. We found that variation in aspen genotype significantly influenced bark epiphyte community composition, and to the same degree as environmental variation between the test sites. We conclude that maintaining genotypic diversity of foundation species may be crucial for conservation of associated biodiversity.

Genetic variation for leaf carbon isotope discrimination and its association with transpiration efficiency in canola (Brassica napus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Shek M. Hossain ◽  
Josette Masle ◽  
Andrew Easton ◽  
Malcolm N. Hunter ◽  
Ian D. Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency ◽  
Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Correlations

Drought is a major constraint to canola production around the world. There is potential for improving crop performance in dry environments by selecting for transpiration efficiency (TE). In this work we investigated TE by studying its genetic association with carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and other traits, e.g. specific leaf weight (SLW) and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD). Among the 106 canola genotypes – including open-pollinated, hybrid, inbred types and cytoplasmic variants – tested in the field and glasshouse there was significant genotypic variation for TE, Δ, plant total dry weight, SLW and SPAD. Strong negative correlations were observed between TE and Δ (–0.52 to –0.76). Negative correlations between Δ and SLW or SPAD (–0.43 to –0.78) and smaller but significant positive correlations between TE and SLW or SPAD (0.23 to 0.30) suggested that photosynthetic capacity was, in part, underpinning the variation in TE. A cytoplasmic contribution to genetic variation in TE or Δ in canola was also observed with Triazine tolerant types having low TE and high Δ. This study showed that Δ has great potential for selecting canola germplasm with improved TE.

scholarly journals Peanut genotypic variation in transpiration efficiency and decreased transpiration during progressive soil drying

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jyostna Devi ◽  
T.R. Sinclair ◽  
V. Vadez ◽  
L. Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency

scholarly journals Genotypic variation in transpiration efficiency due to differences in photosynthetic capacity among sugarcane-related clones

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2377-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjia Li ◽  
Phillip Jackson ◽  
Xin Lu ◽  
Chaohua Xu ◽  
Qing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Transpiration Efficiency

scholarly journals Ecogenetic plasticity and genetic variation in Populus hybrids under the impact of simulated climate change related stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valda Gudynaitė-Franckevičienė ◽  
Alfas Pliūra ◽  
Vytautas Suchockas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
The Impact

  To meet the needs of carbon sequestration and production of raw materials from renewable natural resources for the timber market of the European Union, it is necessary to expand forest plantation areas. The efficiency of short rotation forestry depends primarily on the selection of hybrids and clones, suitable for the local environmental conditions. We postulate that ecogenetic response, ecogenetic plasticity and genotypic variation of different hybrids of poplars (Populus L.) depend both on the type of stressors (spring frosts, summer drought, increased UV-B radiation, warm winters) and peculiarities of the cross-bred species as well as on their genetic preadaptations to native environmental conditions of their origin. The aim of the study was to estimate the ecogenetic plasticity, genotypic variation of adaptive traits and adaptability of Populus hybrids under simulated conditions of the expected climate change. The research was performed with the cultivars and experimental clones of three different intraspecific hybrids of poplars (P. nigra L., P. deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh, and P. trichocarpa Torr. & Gray.) and four interspecific hybrids of poplars (P. deltoides L. × P. nigra, P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa, P. maximowiczii A. Henry × P. trichocarpa, and P. balsamifera L. × P. trichocarpa). Simulated spring frosts and summer drought treatments had a substantial impact on growth of trees, but the hybrid and clone effects were also significant and showed that many hybrids and clones in general retain their features/differences under stressful environmental conditions. A strongly expressed hybrid and clone interactions with simulated frost and drought effects (genotype-environment interaction, G × E) and not strong B-type genetic correlations of the parameters of the same hybrids and clones across different treatments showed different ecogenetic response, plasticity and specific ecological preferences of the clones and hybrids. The sensitivity of hybrids to UV-B radiation varied and depended on the origin of their parental trees and this sensitivity partially reflected their susceptibility also to other stressors. Warm winters adversely effected the growth of some hybrids while others - P. nigra × P. nigra and P. trichocarpa × P. trichocarpa, which parents originated from the southern part of their natural distribution range have increased their growth. This treatment also resulted in reduction of the heritability and genotypic variation of growth traits

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document