Retrospective cohort studies on the lung cancer secondary care diagnostic pathway: factors that influence waiting time intervals and patient experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Barbara Page
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Diagnostic Pathway ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Beta-blocker and survival in patients with lung cancer: A meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245773
Author(s):  
Zhen Lei ◽  
Weiyi Yang ◽  
Ying Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Background Beta-blocker (BB) is suggested to have anticancer efficacy. However, the potential influence of BB use on overall survival (OS) in patients with lung cancer remains undetermined. We aimed to evaluate the above relationship in an updated meta-analysis. Methods Observational studies comparing OS between users and non-users of BB with lung cancer were identified by search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library. A random-effect model was used to pool the results. Results Ten retrospective cohort studies with 30870 patients were included. Overall, BB use was not associated with significantly improved OS in lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98 to 1.06, p = 0.33) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 29%). Stratified analyses showed similar results in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer, in studies with BB use before and after the diagnosis of lung cancer, and in studies with or without adjustment of smoking. Use of BB was associated with improved OS in patients with stage III lung cancer (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.98, p = 0.02) and in patients that did not receive surgery resection (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.96, p = 0.02), while use of non-selective BB was associated with worse OS (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.28, p = 0.03). Conclusions This meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies does not support a significant association between BB use and improved OS in lung cancer.

Assessing the Feasibility of Retrospective Cohort Studies

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Steenland ◽  
Leslie Stayner ◽  
Alice Greife
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Management of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy After Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Whether to, When to, and How to Restart an Anticoagulation Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1000-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kido ◽  
Michael J. Scalese
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Objective: To evaluate current clinical evidence for management of oral anticoagulation therapy after gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) with an emphasis on whether to, when to, and how to resume an anticoagulation therapy. Data Sources: Relevant articles from MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were identified from 1946 through May 20, 2017, using the keywords: gastrointestinal hemorrhage or gastrointestinal bleeding and antithrombotic therapy or anticoagulation therapy or warfarin or dabigatran or rivaroxaban or apixaban or edoxaban.Study Selection and Data Extraction: All English-language studies assessing management of oral anticoagulation therapy after GIB were evaluated. Data Synthesis: A total of 9 studies were identified. Four retrospective cohort studies showed that resuming anticoagulation therapy was associated with significantly lower rate of thromboembolism (TE) in the general population. Meta-analyses and prospective cohort studies also supported this finding. Two retrospective cohort studies indicated an increase in GIB when anticoagulation reinitiation occurred in less than 7 days without a decrease in TE. Resuming therapy between 7 and 15 days did not demonstrate a significant increase in GIB or TE. A large retrospective study showed that apixaban was associated with the significantly lowest risk of GIB compared with both rivaroxaban and dabigatran. Conclusion: Anticoagulation therapy resumption is recommended, with resumption being considered between 7 and 14 days following GIB regardless of the therapy chosen. Data for warfarin management after GIB should be applied with caution to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) because of the quicker onset and experimental nature of reversal agents. Apixaban may be a preferred option when restarting a DOAC therapy.

scholarly journals Incidence of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation is altered by timing of allograft implantation

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S Cunningham ◽  
Robert Maidstone ◽  
Hannah J Durrington ◽  
Rajamayier V Venkateswaran ◽  
Marcelo Cypel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Organ Preservation ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Circadian Regulation ◽  
Primary Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Graft Dysfunction ◽  
Donor Lung ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Clock Protein

The importance of circadian factors in managing patients is poorly understood. We present two retrospective cohort studies showing that lungs reperfused between 4 and 8 AM have a higher incidence (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21; p=0.01) of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) in the first 72 hours after transplantation. Cooling of the donor lung, occurring during organ preservation, shifts the donor circadian clock causing desynchrony with the recipient. The clock protein REV-ERBα directly regulates PGD biomarkers explaining this circadian regulation while also allowing them to be manipulated with synthetic REV-ERB ligands.

scholarly journals Retrospective cohort studies of repeat donors reveal donor‐dependent variability in the recovery of transfused platelets

Transfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1837-1845
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Stefely ◽  
Michael Gailey ◽  
Michael Knudson ◽  
Larry J. Dumont ◽  
Thomas J. Raife ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Maternal Exposure to Alcohol and Low Birthweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 333-347
Author(s):  
Priscilla Perez da Silva Pereira ◽  
Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo Da Mata ◽  
Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo ◽  
Roberta Borges Silva ◽  
Maurício Gomes Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies

Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal exposure to alcohol and low birthweight (LBW). Methods The literature search was performed in January 2017 using the following electronic databases: Medline, Embase, LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINHAL, Proquest, and PsychInfo. The search strategy used the following terms: alcohol drinking, binge drinking, alcohol-related disorders, alcoholism, alcohol addiction/use/abuse/consumption, light/moderate/social/low drinking, low birthweight, case-control studies, retrospective studies, and cohort studies. No restrictions regarding language or publication date were considered. The literature search yielded 2,383 articles, and after screening and eligibility assessment, 39 articles were included in the systematic review, and 38 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results Maternal alcohol consumption was associated with LBW among retrospective cohort studies (relative risk [RR] = 1.37; 95%CI [confidence interval]:1.10–1.77; I2 = 98.4%; p < 0.01). Prospective cohort studies (RR = 1.11; 95%CI: 0.98–1.25; I2 = 81.5%; p < 0.01), and case-control studies (odds ration [OR] = 1.16; 95%CI: 0.68–1.97; I2 = 61.2%; p = 0.05) showed no association between alcohol and LBW. No publication bias was identified, and the meta-regression showed that the sample size influenced the high heterogeneity among retrospective cohort studies. The subgroup analysis showed differences in association between groups when compared by sample size, type of adjustment, or crude measures and publication year. Conclusions We have not found an association between alcohol consumption during gestation and LBW in the analysis in all of the subgroups. In addition, we have found a high heterogeneity between the primary studies, which is related to methodological differences in the conduction of these studies.

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