scholarly journals Influence of Silica Fumes on Compressive Strength and Wear Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement in Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1457-1462
Author(s):  
Anand Meganadhan ◽  
Kavitha Sanjeev ◽  
Mahalaxmi Sekar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Porous Set ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Ionomer Cement ◽  
Scanning Electron

BACKGROUND Glass ionomer cements (GIC) are an interesting restorative option due to their biocompatibility. However, it has limitations that challenge its survival in oral environment due its porous set matrix influencing the properties of the cement. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the addition of varying concentrations of silica fumes (SF) on the properties of GIC by field emission scanning electron microscopy [FESEM] and energy-dispersive spectroscopy [EDX]. The final set matrix of GIC remains porous, compromising the mechanical properties, limiting its extended use clinically. Incorporation of silica fumes, a pozzolan, as an additive in GIC serves as a potential filler by increasing its compressive strength and reducing wear properties. METHODS The cement was divided into 5 groups based on the absence or presence of varying concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 %) of silica fumes; conventional glass ionomer group (CG) (I) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 silica fumes incorporated glass ionomer cement (SG) (II, III, IV & V) respectively. Compressive strength and wear resistance were subjected to Universal Testing Machine and Pin on Tribometer respectively. The microstructure and the elemental composition of prepared specimens of all the groups were evaluated using FESEM and EDX. Data obtained was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V22.0 (IBM, USA) followed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey test (P < 0.05). RESULTS Except 0.5SG, increased compressive strength and decreased wear of glass ionomer material was observed as the concentration of silica fumes increased. Of all the concentrations, 2SG had significantly increased compressive strength (221.62 ± 22.84 MPa) compared to CG (167.38 ± 36.94 MPa) (P < 0.05). Significantly increased resistance to wear was noted in 2SG (11.80 ± 2.58 µm) compared to CG (20.40 ± 2.07 µm) (P < 0.05). The set matrix of silica fumes modified GIC showed minimal / absence of pores with dispersion of crystalline particles as the concentration of SF increased. EDX revealed similar constitution of minerals but, varied with increased concentration of silica fumes. CONCLUSIONS 2 % silica fumes incorporated glass ionomer cement (2SG) enhanced the properties of conventional glass ionomer cement. KEY WORDS Compressive Strength, EDX, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Glass Ionomer Cement, Silica Fumes, Pozzolan

scholarly journals Compressive strength of glass ionomer cements using different specimen dimensions

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Mallmann ◽  
Jane Clei Oliveira Ataíde ◽  
Rosa Amoedo ◽  
Paulo Vicente Rocha ◽  
Letícia Borges Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength of two glass ionomer cements, a conventional one (Vitro Fil® - DFL) and a resin-modified material (Vitro Fil LC® - DFL), using two test specimen dimensions: One with 6 mm in height and 4 mm in diameter and the other with 12 mm in height and 6 mm in diameter, according to the ISO 7489:1986 specification and the ANSI/ADA Specification No. 66 for Dental Glass Ionomer Cement, respectively. Ten specimens were fabricated with each material and for each size, in a total of 40 specimens. They were stored in distilled water for 24 hours and then subjected to a compressive strength test in a universal testing machine (EMIC), at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (5%). Mean compressive strength values (MPa) were: 54.00 ± 6.6 and 105.10 ± 17.3 for the 12 mm x 6 mm sample using Vitro Fil and Vitro Fil LC, respectively, and 46.00 ± 3.8 and 91.10 ± 8.2 for the 6 mm x 4 mm sample using Vitro Fil and Vitro Fil LC, respectively. The resin-modified glass ionomer cement obtained the best results, irrespective of specimen dimensions. For both glass ionomer materials, the 12 mm x 6 mm matrix led to higher compressive strength results than the 6 mm x 4 mm matrix. A higher variability in results was observed when the glass ionomer cements were used in the larger matrices.

Does Addition of Propolis to Glass Ionomer Cement Alter its Physicomechanical Properties? An in Vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Subramaniam ◽  
KL Girish Babu ◽  
G Neeraja ◽  
S Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Propolis is a natural resinous substance produced by honey bees. The antimicrobial effects of glass ionomer cement have been shown to improve with the addition of propolis; however its effect on the physicomechanical properties of the cement is not known. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength and solubility of conventional restorative glass ionomer cement following the addition of propolis. Study design: Twenty half cylindrical samples were prepared with conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the control group. Another twenty samples were prepared with propolis added to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the experimental group. The compressive strength was assessed using universal testing machine. To assess solubility, the samples were immersed in deionised water at room temperature, for 7 days. The solubility was measured as a difference in the weight of the sample; prior to immersion and following immersion at the end of each day. Results: The control group had a significantly higher mean compressive strength of 146.26 Mpa as compared to the experimental group (135.06 Mpa). The solubility between the groups was significant. Conclusion: In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

Comparative evaluation of compressive strength of esthetic restorative materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Dr. Sazan Sherdil Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the compressive strength ofconventional glass ionomer cement with resin modified glass ionomer, compomer andmicrohybrid composite. A total of 40 specimens of esthetic restorative materials werefabricated using customized cylindrical teflon mould measuring 6mm height and 4mmdiameter and were grouped with ten specimens in each group, Group I: Conventionalglass ionomer cement (Fuji II). Group II: Resin modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC).Group III: Compomer (Dyract AP) and Group IV: Microhybrid composite resin(Tetric Ceram).They were covered with Mylar strip and were cured using LED lightcuring unit. Compressive strength was evaluated using Universal testing machine. Theresult showed that there were a significant difference among the groups in whichTetric Ceram showed highest compressive strength and Fuji II showed the leastcompressive strength

scholarly journals Comparison of Microhardness and Compressive Strength of Alkasite and Conventional Restorative Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
Kunho Lee ◽  
Jongsoo Kim ◽  
Jisun Shin ◽  
Miran Han
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Microhardness Test ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The aim of this study was to compare compressive strength and microhardness of recently introduced alkasite restorative materials with glass ionomer cement and flowable composite resin.For each material, 20 samples were prepared respectively for compressive strength and Vickers microhardness test. The compressive strength was measured with universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. And microhardness was measured using Vickers Micro hardness testing machine under 500 g load and 10 seconds dwelling time at 1 hour, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 35 days.The compressive strength was highest in composite resin, followed by alkasite, and glass ionomer cement. In microhardness test, composite resin, which had no change throughout experimental periods, showed highest microhardness in 1 hour, 1 day, and 7 days measurement. The glass ionomer cement showed increase in microhardness for 7 days and no difference was found with composite resin after 14 days measurement. For alkasite, maximum microhardness was measured on 14 days, but showed gradual decrease.

scholarly journals Influence of photobio-modulation with an Er,Cr: YSGG laser on dentin adhesion bonded with bioactive and resin-modified glass ionomer cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 228080001988069
Author(s):  
Fahad Alkhudhairy ◽  
Mustafa Naseem ◽  
Zeeshan H Ahmad ◽  
Abrar N Alnooh ◽  
Fahim Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Ionomer Cement ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of bioactive cement (BAC) in comparison to conventional dual cure resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) with Er,Cr:YSGG laser (ECL) dentin photo biomodulation. Methods: One hundred and twenty extracted human molars were allocated in eight groups ( n = 15) based on surface conditioning and cement type. Specimens of groups 2 and 6 were conditioned with ECL whereas, groups 3 and 7 were treated with ECL + ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). Specimens in groups 4 and 8 were surface conditioned by ECL + EDTA + Tetric-N-Bond, and groups 1 and 5 were considered as control (non-surface treated). Cement build-ups were performed on the surface-treated dentin with BAC (groups 1–4) and RMGIC (groups 5–8). A universal testing machine was used to measure the SBS and the mode of failure was evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed using an analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test, at a significance level of p < 0.001. Results: The highest SBS values were observed in group 8, ECL + EDTA + Tetric-N-Bond + RMGIC (21.54 ± 3.524 MPa) and the lowest SBS values were displayed by group 1, with no surface treatment and BAC application (11.99 ± 0.821 MPa). The majority of failures were found to be mixed in lased dentin-treated dentin surfaces. BAC when bonded to dentin surfaces conditioned with ECL showed lower SBS in comparison to RMGIC. Conclusion: Conditioning of dentin with ECL and a bonding agent (Tetric-N-bond) improved bond strength scores for BAC and RMGIC. Use of EDTA improved bond strength values when bonded to BAC and RMGIC; however, this improvement was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate on porosity and compressive strength of a glass ionomer cement

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Mafra MARTI ◽  
Elcilaine Rizzato AZEVEDO ◽  
Margareth da MATA ◽  
Elisa Maria Aparecida GIRO ◽  
Angela Cristina Cilense ZUANON
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Ionomer Cement

INTRODUCTION:For presenting wide antibacterial activity, chlorhexidine (CHX) has been extensively used in dentistry and can be easily incorporated into the glass ionomer cement (GIC) and consequently released into the oral cavity.AIM: The aim of this study was porosity and compression strength of a GIC, that was added to different concentrations of CHX.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Specimens were prepared with GIC (Ketac Molar Esaymix) and divided into 4 groups according to the concentration of CHX: control, 0.5% and 1% and 2% (n = 10). For analysis of pores specimens were fractured with the aid of hammer and chisel surgical, so that the fracture was performed in the center of the specimens, dividing it in half and images were obtained from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyzed in Image J software. The compressive strength test was conducted in a mechanical testing machine (EMIC - Equipment and Testing Systems Ltd., Joseph of the Pines, PR, Brazil). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, Tukey test. Significance level of 5%.RESULT: No statistically significant changes between the study groups was observed both for the number of pores as well as for the compressive strength.CONCLUSION: The use of GIC associated with CHX gluconate 1% and 2% is the best option to be used in dental practice.

The Effect of Incorporating Lithium Fluoride on the Compressive Strength and Diametric Tensile Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 508-512
Author(s):  
Ammar A. Mustafa ◽  
Khalid A. S. Al-Khateeb ◽  
Ahmad Faris Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lithium Fluoride ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Experimental Glass ◽  
Diametral Tensile Strength ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Experimental glass ionomer cement was prepared for the purpose of this study. Twenty disk specimens (16mm diameter x 10mm height) of test-GIC were prepared for the diametral tensile strength (DTS) test and twenty cylindrical specimens (6 mm diameter x 16mm height) were prepared for the compressive strength (CS) test. Specimens were stored in an artificial saliva at 37º C and (50±10%) of relative humidity in an incubator until testing. Five specimens of each GIC were submitted to CS and DTS test in each period, namely 1 hour, 24 hours, 7 days and 28 days. The specimens were tested in a Universal Testing Machine (Instron 1122, Instron corp., High Wycombe, U.K.) at a crosshead speed of 1.0mm/min for CS and 0.5mm/min for the DTS test until failure occurred. The results have revealed that incorporation of lithium fluoride in the formula of the test GIC might impart an increase in the mechanical properties of the GICs

scholarly journals Compressive Strength of Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Modified with TiO2 Nano-Powder and Marine-Derived HAp Micro-Powder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4964
Author(s):  
Ana Ivanišević ◽  
Valentina Brzović Rajić ◽  
Ana Pilipović ◽  
Matej Par ◽  
Hrvoje Ivanković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Ionomer Cement

The aim of this research was to investigate the compressive strength (CS), breaking strength (BS), and compressive modulus (CM) of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with TiO2 nano particles, marine-derived hydroxyapatite (md-HAp) microparticles (<45 µm), and a combination of TiO2 NP and md-HAp particles. The materials used in the study were conventional GIC Fuji IX GP Extra (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), TiO2 powder P25 (Degussa, Essen, Germany), and HAp synthesized from cuttlefish bone and ground in a mortar to obtain md-HAp powder. md-HAp was characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. There were four groups of GIC samples: (i) Fuji IX control group, (ii) powder modified with 3 wt% TiO2, (iii) powder modified with 3 wt% HAp, and (iv) powder modified with 1.5 wt% TiO2 + 1.5 wt% HAp. Measurements were performed in a universal testing machine, and CS, BS, and CM were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. CS, BS, and CM differed significantly between the Fuji IX control group and all experimental groups while differences between the experimental groups were not statistically significant. The addition of TiO2 NP, md-HAp micro-sized particles, and a combination of TiO2 and md-HAp reduced the CS, BS, and CM of conventional GICs when mixed at the powder/liquid (p/l) ratio recommended by the manufacturer.

scholarly journals Saliva buatan meningkatkan kekuatan tekan semen ionomer kaca tipe II yang direndam dalam minuman isotonik (Artificial saliva increases the compressive strength of glass ionomer cement type II soaked in isotonic drinks)

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Juliatri Juliatri ◽  
D.H.C. Pangemanan ◽  
Dwi Cahya Fitriyana
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Immersion of glass ionomer cement (GIC) type II in acid drink like isotonic drink could reduce its compressive strength.This is due to the matrix degradation process of GIC in acid condition. However, there is artificial saliva that canneutralize this condition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of artificial saliva on compressive strengthof glass ionomer cement type II immersed in isotonic drink. The GICspecimens of 6 x 6 x 12 mm3beam were immersed for24 hours in distilled water, 24 hours in isotonic drink, 24 hours in isotonic drink continued with 72 hours in artificial saliva,48 hours in isotonic drink, and 48 hours in isotonic drink continued with 144 hours in artificial saliva. The compressivestrength was measured using Universal Testing Machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical analysis wasperformed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD test (=0.05) showed a significant difference of compressive strength(p<0,05). It was concluded that artificial saliva increases the compressive strength of GIC immersed in isotonic drink.

Does Addition of Propolis to Glass Ionomer Cement Alter its Physicomechanical Properties? An In Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Subramaniam ◽  
KL Girish Babu ◽  
G Neeraja ◽  
S Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Propolis is a natural resinous substance produced by honey bees. The antimicrobial effects of glass ionomer cement have been shown to improve with the addition of propolis; however its effect on the physicomechanical properties of the cement is not known. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength and solubility of conventional restorative glass ionomer cement following the addition of propolis. Study design: Twenty half cylindrical samples were prepared with conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the control group. Another twenty samples were prepared with propolis added to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement formed the experimental group. The compressive strength was assessed using universal testing machine. To assess solubility, the samples were immersed in deionised water at room temperature, for 7 days. The solubility was measured as a difference in the weight of the sample; prior to immersion and following immersion at the end of each day. Results: The control group had a significantly higher mean compressive strength of 146.26 Mpa as compared to the experimental group (135.06 Mpa). The solubility between the groups was significant. Conclusion: In comparison to the control group, incorporation of propolis to conventional restorative glass ionomer cement decreased the compressive strength significantly. The solubility of the cement in the experimental group increased significantly over 7day period as compared to the control group.

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