scholarly journals Gross Features of Human Placentae in Normal and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1008-1013
Author(s):  
Molly A. J ◽  
Usha Devi K.B.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Past History ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Placenta is a multifunctional fetomaternal organ that plays an important role during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is reflected on placenta both macroscopically and microscopically as enlargement of placenta, abnormalities in villi and degenerative changes. METHODS This is a cross sectional study conducted among two groups, normal group and GDM group, to compare the gross features of GDM placentae in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. RESULTS The study was conducted on 65 normal and 65 GDM placentae. There was an increased incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the age group > 25 years with a mean age of 26.38 ± 3.84 years. Multiparous women have been found to be more prone to gestational diabetes mellitus. Past history of abortions and intrauterine death (IUD) was more in GDM group as compared to normal group. Incidence of lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) was also more in GDM group. Weight, diameter and number of maternal cotyledons of placentae were significantly increased in GDM. The predominant shape of placenta in both groups was round, next to that was oval. Only 3 placentae showed irregular shape and that was from GDM group. Most common type of attachment of umbilical cord was eccentric in both groups. Next to that was central and marginal respectively. Only one placenta was furcate and that belonged to GDM group. Fetal membrane was translucent in all normal and GDM placentae. Mean birth weight of the baby of GDM mothers was significantly increased. Mean fetoplacental weight ratio was significantly decreased in GDM group as compared to normal group. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, GDM placentae showed significant changes in gross features. Meticulous gross examination of a placenta prior to histologic sectioning enhances microscopic interpretation. By increasing our understanding of the placenta, it may be possible to prevent and treat placental abnormalities related to GDM, thus ensuring lifelong health of the child and the mother. Hence, the present work would provide vital information to both obstetricians and neonatologists. KEY WORDS Placenta, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Morphology of Placenta

scholarly journals Association between maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: an analytical cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Seabra ◽  
Cláudia Saunders ◽  
Patrícia de Carvalho Padilha ◽  
Lenita Zajdenverg ◽  
Letícia Barbosa Gabriel da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Maternal Glucose Levels ◽  
Maternal Glucose

scholarly journals Comparison of Venous and Capillary Sampling in Oral Glucose Testing for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Diagnostic Accuracy Cross-Sectional Study Using Accu-Chek Inform II

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Sofia Nevander ◽  
Eva Landberg ◽  
Marie Blomberg ◽  
Bertil Ekman ◽  
Caroline Lilliecreutz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Sampling

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication with negative impacts on mother and child. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether plasma glucose cutoffs for GDM diagnosis based on venous sampling can be replaced by cutoffs based on capillary sampling. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at an antenatal care clinic including 175 pregnant women undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Duplicate samples were collected by capillary and venous puncture while fasting and 1 h and 2 h after an OGTT. Both samples were analyzed on Accu-Chek Inform II. The cutoffs for a GDM diagnosis using capillary samples were corrected from 5.1 to 5.3 mmol/L for the fasting sample, from 10.0 to 11.1 mmol/L for the 1 h sample, and from 8.5 to 9.4 mmol/L for the 2-h sample using half of the dataset. Applying these cutoffs to the remaining dataset resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.0%, 95.0%, and 90.3%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83%, an negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%, and a positive negative likelihood ratio (LHR) of 16.4 using capillary sampling for the GDM diagnosis at fasting and 2-h after. Corrected cutoffs and capillary samples can be used for the diagnosis of GDM with maintained diagnostic accuracy using Accu-Chek Inform II.

scholarly journals Changes of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein level and analysis of its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiying Feng ◽  
Jie You ◽  
Guixia Chen ◽  
Hongli Su ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Previous studies have discovered that zinc-α2-glycoprotein is related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. The aim of the study is to explore the change of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein(ZAG) and its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods Eighty newly diagnosed GDM patients were enrolled in study group, and 80 normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The differences of baseline data between the two groups were compared, and the change of serum ZAG level and its relationship with related indexes was analyzed. Results Compared to control group, the level of serum ZAG in the study group decreased [(43.94 ± 14.51)mg/L vs. (62.57 ± 19.05)mg/L, P < 0.001]. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation) analysis showed that serum ZAG level was negatively correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and TG (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with HDL(P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that HDL, FINS, HOMA-IR were independent factors of serum ZAG(P < 0.001). Conclusion The level of serum ZAG in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus decreased, and HDL, FINS and HOMA-IR are the influencing factors in study group. Trial registration: The study registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(Chi CTR2000028811).

scholarly journals THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Inaniya ◽  
B S Meena ◽  
Mohan Lal Meena ◽  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Shalini Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The present study aimed to study the demographic profile women with gestational diabetes mellitus Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Results: Mean age of patients was 27.68 ± 4.4 Yrs. Most of the study subjects in GDM group (54.7%) were Hindu. Study subjects in GDM group were almost equally from rural (50.7%).Most of the study subjects in both GDM group (88%) were housewives. Habit of smoking was found in only 6.7% females in GDM group. Habit of alcohol was found in 4% females in GDM group. Family history of diabetes was seen more in females with GDM (17.3%). Conclusion: This study concluded that the socio demographic factors influence the occurrence of GDM. Keywords: GDM, Age, Gravida

scholarly journals Daily branch chained amino acid intakes and the risk of obesity among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Yang ◽  
Weiqin Li ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Huikun Liu ◽  
Leishen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Daily Energy

Abstract Background Some studies have found that branched amino acid (BCAA) is associated with the risk of obesity among general population, however, not all the results were consistent. The present study aimed to investigate the association of daily BCAA intakes with the risk of postpartum overweight and abdominal obesity among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 1263 women with prior GDM at 1–5 years post-delivery. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of daily dietary intakes of BCAAs with the risk of overweight and abdominal obesity. Results The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) across quartiles of daily BCAA intakes were 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.97), 1.00 (reference), 1.21 (95% CI 0.88–1.68), and 1.31 (95% CI 0.95–1.81) for general overweight, and 1.38 (95% CI 0.99–1.90), 1.00, 1.19 (95% CI 0.86–1.64), and 1.43 (95% CI 1.04–1.98) for abdominal obesity, respectively. Only women with the lowest quartile of daily BCAA intakes significantly increased the risks of general overweight (OR 1.49; 95 %CI 1.06–2.09) and abdominal obesity (OR 1.50; 95 %CI 1.08–2.11) compared with women at quartile 2 of daily BCAA intakes after further adjustment of daily energy intake. Conclusions The present study indicated U-shaped associations between daily BCAA intakes and the risk of general overweight and abdominal obesity among women with prior GDM.

Association of Maternal Serum Zinc, Copper and Magnesium Levels, Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain Patterns With the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Third-trimester Pregnant Women: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Gholizadeh ◽  
Tohid Rouzitalab ◽  
Saeid Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Elnaz Daneshzad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gestational Weight

Abstract Background: This study sought to evaluate the association between selected micronutrients (zinc, copper, and magnesium), pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain during pregnancy with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus third-trimester pregnant women Urmia, Iran. Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study included 400 pregnant women. The nutritional, demographic, clinical data, and fasting blood samples (selected micronutrients and blood glucose) were evaluated. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests. Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 18%. The OR for GDM was (OR: 0.329; 95% CI: 0.156-0.696) in normal-weight compared to mothers who were obese before pregnancy. Normal serum zinc concentration was associated with 0.413-fold lower rates of developing GDM (95% CI: 0.227-0.750). Magnesium supplementation was inversely associated with the risk of GDM (OR: 0.986; 95% CI: 0.979-0.994). Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain was significantly associated with developing GDM in lean and obese women before pregnancy, respectively (p=0.01, p=0.003). Conclusions: Gestational diabetes is highly prevalent in Urmia, and it is likely related to excessive serum zinc concentrations, elevated pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational weight gain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document