scholarly journals Comparison of Intravenous Lignocaine and Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Propofol Injection Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 935-940
Author(s):  
Akoijam Nikhil Singh ◽  
Amol P. Singam
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Sympatholytic Action

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of prior intravenous dexmedetomidine with intravenous lignocaine as pre-treatment for prevention of propofol injection pain. METHODS In this prospective, randomised and double blinded clinical study, a total of 200 patients aged between 18 and 70 years of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I or II posted for elective surgery under general anaesthesia utilising propofol as the inducing agent, were randomly allocated into two groups of 100 patients each, using computer generated random number tables. Group I received intravenous lignocaine 0.2 mg / Kg and group II received intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg / Kg respectively prior to administration of propofol (2 mg / Kg) for induction during general anaesthesia. Pain during propofol administration was assessed for each patient using the McCririck and Hunter scale. Peri-operative haemodynamic changes and side effects were noted. Data was analysed using chi-square test and a P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 200 patients (100 patients in lignocaine group and 100 patients in dexmedetomidine group) were studied. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) diminution in pain score was discovered to be higher in group II (dexmedetomidine) as compared to group I (lignocaine). 80 % in the dexmedetomidine group had no pain compared to 62 % of the patients in the lignocaine group which is statistically significant. Dexmedetomidine also had a more remarkable effect on the heart rate (10 minutes after intubation) compared to lignocaine, with P = 0.054 which is statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous dexmedetomidine is a superior pre-medication compared to intravenous lignocaine in the prevention of pain following propofol administration. It also has additional properties of sedation, analgesia, anxiolysis and sympatholytic action making it a better alternative for the anaesthesiologist and the patient. KEY WORDS Analgesia, Anxiolysis, Pre-Treatment, General Anaesthesia, Sedation, Sympatholytic Action

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of propofol injection pain in adults: a prospective randomized double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqin Zhu ◽  
Songlin Jia ◽  
Yajun Xu ◽  
Zhirong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Propofol injection pain (PIP) is common and may decrease patient comfort. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of PIP. Methods 235 patients, who scheduled for elective surgery, aged 18-80 years and ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I or II, were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 47 each). All patients were induced through the dor­sal hand vein or antecubital vein. The five groups were given the following medication intravenously: saline (Group I), lidocaine 20 mg (Group II), lidocaine 40 mg (Group III), dezocine 2 mg (Group IV) and dezocine 4 mg (Group V). Twenty seconds later all patients received a propofol infusion and were asked to grade pain or discomfort in the hand or forearm according to a four-point scale until anesthesia. Results Three groups showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group I: Group III (OR (Odds ratio): 0.39 (0.16, 0.93)); Group IV (OR: 0.21 (0.09, 0.51)) and Group V (OR: 0.12 (0.05, 0.30)). Group IV showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.32 (0.13, 0.77)). Group V showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.15 (0.06, 0.39)) or Group III (OR: 0.30 (0.13, 0.72)). Conclusion Dezocine is a novel agent to alleviate PIP and appears to be more effective than lidocaine.

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of propofol injection pain in adults: a prospective randomized double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqin Zhu ◽  
Songlin Jia ◽  
Yajun Xu ◽  
Zhirong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Propofol injection pain (PIP) is common and may decrease patient comfort. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dezocine with lidocaine on prevention of PIP.Methods 235 patients, who scheduled for elective surgery, aged 18–80 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I or II, were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 47 each). All patients were induced through the dor­sal hand vein or antecubital vein. The five groups were given the following medication intravenously: saline (Group I), lidocaine 20 mg (Group II), lidocaine 40 mg (Group III), dezocine 2 mg (Group IV) and dezocine 4 mg (Group V). Twenty seconds later all patients received a propofol infusion and were asked to grade pain or discomfort in the hand or forearm according to a four-point scale until anesthesia.Results Three groups showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group I: Group III (OR [Odds ratio]: 0.39 (0.16, 0.93)); Group IV (OR: 0.21 (0.09, 0.51)) and Group V (OR: 0.12 (0.05, 0.30)). Group IV showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.32 (0.13, 0.77)). Group V showed a significantly lower incidence of total PIP than Group II (OR: 0.15 (0.06, 0.39)) or Group III (OR: 0.30 (0.13, 0.72)).Conclusion Dezocine is a novel agent to alleviate PIP and appears to some extent to be more effective than lidocaine.

Frequency of Post Dural Puncture Headache with Quincke 25g and Quincke 27g Spinal Needle after Spinal Anaesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3116-3118
Author(s):  
Gulsher . ◽  
Riffat Zahid ◽  
Syed Mehmood Ali ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Shahzad ◽  
Amer Latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Dural Puncture ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Dural Puncture Headache ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To compare the frequency of post dural puncture headache with Quincke 25G and Quincke 27G of spinal needles for spinal anesthesia. Design of the Study: It’s a Randomized control trial. Study Settings: This study was carried out Department of anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 29-08-2020 to 01-03-2021. Material and Methods: In this prospective study 100 patients were enrolled who were decided to undergo spinal anesthesia. Two groups were made by randomization. In patients of group I, anesthesia was administered by using 25G quincke needle while 27G quincke needle was used for patients in group II. Evaluation of patients was with regard to development of postoperative PDPH within 3-days. Groups were compared by using Chi-square test and a P-value<0.05 was taken statistically significant. Results of the Study: PDHD was seen in 14 (28%) patients in group I and in 4 (8%) patients in group II. Statistically, the difference between the two groups was significant (p<0.05).. Conclusion: Due to less frequency of PDPH with 27G needle, it should be given preference for applying spinal anesthesia over 25G needle. Keywords: Spinal anesthesia, post dural puncture headache; quincle needle.

Comparison between Sniffing Position and 25 Degree Backup Position in View of Glottis During Direct Laryngoscopy and Intubation - A Study from Mangalore, Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (41) ◽  
pp. 3573-3577
Author(s):  
AKhil Rao U.K. ◽  
Athira Soman ◽  
Anuradha Yadav ◽  
Yashwant R. ◽  
Sucheth Sharat
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Direct Laryngoscopy ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Group I ◽  
Head Positioning ◽  
Difficulty Scale ◽  
Group Ii

BACKGROUND Endotracheal intubation for the purpose of providing anaesthesia was first described by William Mc Ewan. Jackson1 stressed the importance of anterior flexion of the lower cervical spine, in addition to obvious extension of the atlanto-occipital joint. Sniffing position has been commonly advocated as a standard head positioning for direct laryngoscopy which is achieved by flexion of the neck on chest and extension of the head at the atlanto-occipital joint. Present study was designed to evaluate the glottis view and ease of intubation achieved with direct laryngoscopy in the sniffing position with that of 25 degree backup position in a study group of 100 patients divided in 2 groups of 50 each. METHODS This study is a controlled comparative study. Controlled trial in 50 consecutive patients in each group [Group I and Group II] was conducted on patients who underwent elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Inclusion Criteria - General anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, Aged 18 to 60 years, American society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grades I and II. Exclusion Criteria - Patients with body mass index more than 30 kg/m2. 1. Bucked teeth. 2. Restricted neck movement. 3. Inter-incisor gap less than 35 mm. 4. Thyro-mental distance less than 6 mm. 5. Patients with risk of regurgitation and aspiration. 6. Pharyngeal pathology. 7. Limitation of anterior and posterior movement of mandible 8. Pregnant patients Groups wereGroup I – Sniffing position Group II– 25 degree back up position RESULTS The glottis visualization was assessed by Cormack Lehane grading which revealed that glottis view was better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. CONCLUSIONS In our prospective randomized study in a series of 50 patients undergoing general anaesthesia in SIMS & RC, intubation difficulty scale (IDS) score was better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. It implies glottis view is better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. KEYWORDS Sniffing Position, 25 Degree Backup Position, Laryngoscopy

scholarly journals Clinical outcome of right ventricle outflow tract management for repair of Tetralogy of Fallot with three contemporary surgical strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Waqar ◽  
M. Zubair Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Kamran Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Operative Mortality ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Surgical Strategies ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: To compare the early operative outcome of TOF repair with three contemporary repair strategies of RVOTO repair i.e. TAP, Mono-cusp construction (MC) in TAP and pulmonary valve repair. Methods: Study is performed at Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore from May 2016 to April 2020. Retrospective analysis of data was performed for patient who underwent TOF repair by three different strategies of RVOT repairs during TOF surgery based on z scoring for pulmonary valve annulus. Group-I underwent trans-annular patch repair, while Group-II and III underwent Mono-cusp repair with autologous pericardium and pulmonary valve repair respectively. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson Chi-Square (PCS) statistics were used to compare the three groups for numeric and categorical variables respectively. Post-hoc t-test and Bonferroni correction were performed for numeric data to compare two groups with each other. Chi-square test was used to perform comparison between groups for categorial variables. Results: ANOVA for aortic cross clamp time, total CPB time, Post-operative mechanical ventilation time, ICU stay and hospital stay showed statistical difference among all three group with p-value less than 0.05 however post hoc T-test showed this variation is limited to post-operative mechanical ventilation only when groups compared with each other. PCS showed there was difference for incidence of difficult weaning from CPB when all three groups compared while there was no difference in operative mortality with p-value of 0.15. However, Group-II comparison with Group-I showed that weaning from CPB was superior in-Group-II with p-value of 0.016. Group-III showed the best statistics for all operative outcome variables among all three groups. Comparison of incidence of post-operative moderate pulmonary regurgitation before discharge between Group-II and Group-III showed significant difference with p-value of 0.0052. Conclusion: PV repair strategy should be employed for RVOT repair of TOF whenever feasible. MC repair showed fewer hours of postoperative mechanical ventilation and higher incidence of easy weaning from CPB when compared to TAP, however its impacts over ICU stay, Hospital stay and operative mortality is not profound in our TOF repair population. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3961 How to cite this:Waqar T, Ansari MZA, Khan K. Clinical outcome of right ventricle outflow tract management for repair of Tetralogy of Fallot with three contemporary surgical strategies. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3961 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Antibodies detectable by counterimmunoelectrophoresis against Bacteroides antigens in serum of patients with inflammatory bowel disease

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
C J Helphingstine ◽  
D J Hentges ◽  
B J Campbell ◽  
J Butt ◽  
J T Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Passive Hemagglutination ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Group Ii

Heat-extracted antigens from seven species of Bacteroides were used in passive hemagglutination and counterimmunoelectrophoretic tests. Sera from 87 normal persons (group I) and 15 patients with ulcerative colitis (group II) were of low and equal reactivity in passive hemagglutination tests; all positive tests were eliminated by 2-mercaptoethanol reduction of the sera. When these same sera were tested by counterimmunoelectrophoresis with six of the Bacteroides antigens, no significant difference in the percentage of positive reactions was noted. However, using the chi-square test, the seventh antigen, prepared from Bacteroides vulgatus, successfully distinguished the two populations at the 0.025 level. Counterimmunoelectrophoretic tests with the B. vulgatus antigen also provided a means to separate the patients in group II with active disease from those in remission at a P value of 0.01. All the sera from 12 patients with defined Crohn's disease activity indexes reacted with the B. vulgatus antigen in counterimmunoelectrophoretic tests. Reduction and alkylation of patient sera with 2-mercaptoethanol and iodoacetamide removed detectable antibody in 78% of the samples, which suggested a dominant role of immunoglobulin M in the response to Bacteroides antigens.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study on Importance of CRP as a Predictor and To Analyse the Effectiveness of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Neonatal Sepsis at Secondary Care Hospital of Tiruppur

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandhakumar Jothivel ◽  
Sabitha V. P. ◽  
Sharon Jacob ◽  
S. Sonapreethi ◽  
Teres Siby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Early diagnosis of sepsis in a neonate is often difficult because symptoms and signs are usually non-specific. A study was conducted to evaluate C-reactive protein (CRP) as a screening tool and the effectiveness of antibiotics in the treatment of neonatal sepsis. This retrospective study was conducted at NICU, Government District Headquarters Hospital, Tiruppur from December 2016 to June 2017, on total of 120 neonatal sepsis patients. Patients of Group I received Ampicillin + Gentamicin, Group II received Ampicillin + Gentamicin followed by Cefotaxime + Amikacin, Group III received Cefotaxime + Amikacin, Group IV received Ampicillin + Gentamicin followed by Piptaz followed by Amikacin + Ciprofloxacin and Group V received, Ampicillin + Gentamicin followed by Piptaz then by Amikacin + Meropenem and then by Ciprofloxacin. Chi-square test two side p-value and ONE WAY ANOVA followed by Tukey-Krammer Multiple Comparison Test is used for statistical analysis. Among study subjects, 18 (15%) and 102 (85%) had negative and positive CRP respectively. According to blood culture studies, 15 cases were culture positive, with the following organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae (53.33%), Escherichia coli (20%), Staphylococcus aureus (20%) and Proteus marbilis (6.66%). Group II is an appropriate choice for empirical therapy of neonatal sepsis and was 46.96% of 66 patients. Group I, which is considered as First Line treatment was 33.33% of 66 patients.

scholarly journals Role of minimal antibiotic therapy and routine long term post-operative therapy in elective surgery: an evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet S. Divan ◽  
Mahendra K. Dhuware ◽  
Manoj K. Bharti ◽  
Nitesh K. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Operative Therapy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Incision ◽  
Conventional Dose ◽  
Minimal Dose ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Antibacterial drugs are powerful agents to prevent infections but excess use of antibiotics led to increase of resistance towards the antibiotics used and thus has risen the expense in medical support.Methods: A total of 250 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided randomly into 2 groups, each containing 125 patients. Group I patients received. Three dosage of injectable ceftriaxone 1 gram intravenous peri-operatively, first dose twelve hour before surgery and second dose half hour before surgical incision and third dose twelve hours after surgery. Group II patients were given injectable ceftriaxone 1 gram intravenous peri-operatively, first dose twelve hour before surgery and second dose half hour before surgical incision and then followed by injection (conventional dose) ceftriaxone 1 gram/day I.V twice daily for the first 5-7 days post-operatively. Using Southampton wound grading system. The wound was inspected on the 3rd, 5th and 7th postoperative day days post operatively.Results: In group I, 15 (12%) cases had grade 2 SSI and in group II, 11 (8.8%) cases had grade 2 SSI. There was no statistical significance: p value is 0.83 and c2 0.048.Conclusions: A minimal dose antibiotic prophylaxis is equally efficient and has added advantage of reducing the duration of hospital stay and cost of medicines for the patients. Hence minimal dose antibiotic is better than a routine long term antibiotics therapy.

scholarly journals Study of knowledge, attitude and practice of self medication among health care workers at MC Gann Teaching District hospital of Shivamogga, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedavathi Hanumaiah ◽  
Harini Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
P Value ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Group I ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Healthcare workers gain adequate knowledge related to medications used in treating illness from their work experiences which influences self medication practices.Methods: The present study was conducted in N=150 healthcare workers, divided into 2 groups with group I (nursing staff) and group II (paramedical staff) with 75 participants in each group. Data related to self medication was obtained from a pretested validated semi structured questionnaire either in Kannada or English. The responses were compared between each group with chi square test. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. All statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 16.Results: The mean age (mean±SD) of the participants in group I and group II is 31.79±8.309 and 34.15 (±8.168) respectively with p =0.081. The prevalence of self medication was 100% in both the groups. Both the groups knowledge related to the definition of self medication was similar (group I 63 (84.0%) and group II 62 (82.7%) p = 0.900). Group I believes that self medication is entirely safe compared to group II which was statistically significant (group I 66 (88.7%) and group II 46 (61.3%) p=0.029). Most common drugs used for self medication was NSAIDS (non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) in both the groups being 75 (100%). Antibiotics was used by 26 (2.66%) in group I and 14 (18.66%) in group II.Conclusions: Self medication practice is highly prevalent in the healthcare workers, who also influence the other populations to practice self medication. Practicing responsible self medication is more appreciable.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Management of Middle Ear Atelectasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa S Tawfik
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Endoscopic Management ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Endoscopic Cartilage Tympanoplasty

Objective: To determine the contribution of otoendoscopy in the surgical management of atelectatic ear to improve clinical and audiological results. Methods and Materials: Thirty eight ears in 24 patients with middle ear atelectasis and intact ossicular chain were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group I included 27 ears who were underwent endoscopic T- tube insertion and Group II included 11ears who were underwent endoscopic cartilage tympanoplasty. Assessment of hearing was performed for all cases preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis used: The analysis of the data was carried out using the IBM SPSS 20.0 statistical package software. Data were expressed as mean and standard deviation for quantitative measures in addition to both number and percentage for categorized data. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were used to compare categorical variables. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: There is significant postoperative improvement of ABG averages reported in the two studied groups with mean hearing gain of 21.67±7.97dB in group I and 19.72±5.3 dB in group II. Conclusion: At three months, there was significant statistical difference concerning different audiological parameters among the two groups.

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