scholarly journals Impact of Seasonal Variation in Association with Other Factors on Vitamin D Status among Mangalorean Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 589-594
Author(s):  
Tirthal Rai ◽  
Mayur Rai ◽  
Janice Dsa ◽  
Srinidhi Rai ◽  
Sushith P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Endocrine Society

BACKGROUND India has plenty of sunshine, yet people here are deprived of vitamin D – ‘sunshine vitamin’. According to endocrine society of India, vitamin D levels of < 20 ng / mL is considered to be vitamin D deficiency. The objective of the study was to evaluate seasonal variation of vitamin D and give an insight on risk factors such as age, gender, diet, body mass index, occupation, skin complexion and body surface area exposure on vitamin D level. METHODS The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Mangalore on 109 apparently healthy individuals. The same cohort of subjects was followed for two seasons - summer and winter. Serum was collected and analysed for 25-OH vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous. Skin color was assessed according to the Fitzpatrick classification, questionnaire was given to assess the approximate time limit of sun exposure in a day along with the exposed areas to sunlight and anthropometric parameters such as height and weight were measured using standard guidelines. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Comparison of mean vitamin D along with the factors influencing them in both seasons was done using paired t test. Inferential statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. Pearson correlation test was also done. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS Mean vitamin D was higher in summer (15.14 ± 5.62) as compared to winter (14.42 ± 5.38) irrespective of the risk factors. Vitamin D deficiency was highest in older age group (83.9 %), females (84.6 %), overweight (100 %), vegetarians (92.3 %), office workers (91.2 %), both complexions and those exposed with < 1.5 hours of sunlight (97.2 %). Vitamin D deficiency was also more prevalent in those with lesser exposed body surface area. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency was statistically most common in winter than summer. It was seen correlating with majority of the risk factors, except skin complexion and among the confounding factors. The key for vitamin D production in this population was maximum body surface area exposure (face, hand, leg and feet) to sunlight for more than 2.5 hours, yet these subjects were vitamin D deficient. However, they did not manifest with any skeletal or extra-skeletal morbidity. Thus, concluding that a reliable cut off value for reference range of vitamin D should be set in this population in order to abstain from excess vitamin D treatment. KEY WORDS Sunshine Vitamin, Vitamin D Deficiency, Mangalore, Skin Colour, Sunlight Exposure, Body Surface Area, Summer, Winter

Size of the exposed body surface area, skin erythema and body mass index predict skin production of vitamin D

2015 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amra Osmancevic ◽  
Martin Gillstedt ◽  
Kerstin Landin-Wilhelmsen ◽  
Ann-Marie Wennberg Larkö ◽  
Olle Larkö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Skin Erythema

Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area and Their Associations with Outcomes in Stage II and III Colon Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Alipour ◽  
Hagen F. Kennecke ◽  
Ryan Woods ◽  
Howard J. Lim ◽  
Caroline Speers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Stage Ii

scholarly journals Body surface area is a predictor of coronary artery calcium, whereas body mass index is not

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sion K. Roy ◽  
Irfan Zeb ◽  
Jigar Kadakia ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Matthew J. Budoff
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium

Left ventricular mass by echocardiographic measures in children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir K. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

AbstractBackgroundRecent evidence in adults suggests that left ventricular mass measured as left ventricular mass/height1.7 predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality better than the two widely used indices, left ventricular mass/body surface area and left ventricular mass/height2.7. Standards of left ventricular mass/height1.7 have not been reported in children, for whom, owing to lack of significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, body mass index has traditionally been used as a potential cardiovascular risk factor.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 692 clinically normal children aged 1 day to 18 years underwent detailed echocardiographic assessment to assess whether any of the left ventricular mass indices – left ventricular mass/height1.7, left ventricular mass/body surface area, and left ventricular mass/height2.7 – are associated with obesity as measured by body mass index. Correlations, t-tests, and linear regressions were used for statistical testing.ResultsLeft ventricular mass/height1.7 was better correlated (R2 = 0.36) with body mass index than left ventricular mass/body surface area (R2 = 0.179) and left ventricular mass/height2.7 (R2 = 0.006), although all three dependent variables show a significant correlation (p < 0.035). In addition, a higher percentage of obese patients were noted to have elevated left ventricular mass as measured by left ventricular mass/height1.7 than by the other two methods.ConclusionsLeft ventricular mass/height1.7 is a reliable indicator of obesity-associated left ventricular hypertrophy. Left ventricular mass/height1.7 can be used conveniently during transitions from youth to adults for long-term follow-up. These findings support the importance of including left ventricular mass/height1.7 in future studies of cardiovascular risks and preventive strategies in children and adolescents.

Body mass index and body surface area in scleroderma patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. e164-e165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wcisło-Dziadecka ◽  
A. Kaźmierczak ◽  
M. Zbiciak-Nylec ◽  
Z. Brzoza ◽  
L. Brzezińska-Wcisło
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface

scholarly journals Impact of Age, Body Surface Area, and Body Mass Index on Pegaspargase Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics: A Report from the DFCI ALL Consortium

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 3396-3396
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Paolino ◽  
Yael Flamand ◽  
Kristen E. Stevenson ◽  
Victoria Koch ◽  
Uma H. Athale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Induction Dose ◽  
Post Induction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: Increased toxicity with pegaspargase (PEG) in older and higher body mass index (BMI) patients (pts) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has recently led to dose capping practices. We assessed the influence of age, body surface area (BSA), and BMI on PEG-related toxicity and pharmacokinetics from two consecutive DFCI ALL Consortium trials without dose capping. Methods: Patient (pts) aged 1 to &lt;19 years (DFCI 05-001) or 1 to &lt;22 years (DFCI 11-001) with newly diagnosed ALL were eligible for enrollment. Those who received PEG (2500 IU/m 2) were included in this analysis. Pts received 1 dose of IV PEG on day 7 of Induction and every 2 weeks for 15 doses post-induction. Serum asparaginase activity (SAA), considered therapeutic at &gt;0.1 IU/mL, was assessed 4, 11, 18, and 25 days after the Induction dose and nadir SAA was assessed before each Post-Induction dose. Asparaginase-related toxicities were prospectively assessed and graded by CTCAE version 3.0 (DFCI 05-001) or 4.0 (DFCI 11-001). Asparaginase toxicity for this analysis was defined as ≥1 of the following: pancreatitis, thrombosis, ≥grade 4 hyperbilirubinemia, ≥grade 4 hypertriglyceridemia. Allergy was analyzed separately (due to presumed dose independence). Height and weight at diagnosis were used for analyses. BMI categories were assigned using standard percentile ranges based on gender specific 2000 CDC growth charts. BSA was calculated using the Mosteller formula. Univariate analyses evaluated the relationship of age, BMI, and BSA with asparaginase toxicity. Comparisons of toxicity across BMI and BSA categories were performed using a Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Categorical comparisons for dichotomized BMI and BSA utilized a Fisher's exact test or chi square test. The relationships between BMI and BSA with toxicity were explored using multivariable models. Results: Between 4/2005-12/2011 802 pts enrolled on DFCI 05-001 and between 6/2012-6/2015 240 pts enrolled on DFCI 11-001. Both trials included random assignment of asparaginase formulation. In total 911 patients received pegaspargase during Induction and 351 during Post-Induction. During Induction, pts ≥15 years of age had higher asparaginase toxicity rates (17.1% vs 6.2%, p=0.0003) (Figure 1a). Toxicity differed significantly across BSA categories (&lt;1.5 m 2, 1.5 to &lt;2.0 m 2, ≥2.0 m 2, p= 0.007) with increased toxicity in those with BSA ≥2.0m 2 (22.7% vs. 6.8% for those &lt;2.0 m 2, p = 0.016) (Figure 1b). Age was highly correlated with BSA (Pearson r = 0.93, p &lt;0.0001). There was numerically higher toxicity in the BMI category of overweight vs. those underweight or normal weight (11.3% vs 6.5%) however this did not extend to the obese category, and overall, increasing BMI was not associated with statistically higher toxicity (p= 0.13, Figure 1c). Post-Induction, age ≥15 years was associated with increased asparaginase toxicity (57.1% vs 21%, p&lt;0.0001) (Figure 1d). Toxicity differed significantly across BSA categories (p&lt;0.0001) but was similar between BMI categories (p=0.19, Figure 1e-f). The impact of BSA was observed when dichotomized at thresholds of 1.5m 2 (54% vs. 19%, p&lt;0.0001) and 2.0m 2 (70% vs. 23%, p=0.003) (Figure 1e). Considering only those ≥10 years of age, trends for BSA/BMI and toxicity were similar. There was no significant association between BMI or BSA and allergy. In multivariable analysis, BSA was a significant predictor of Post-Induction toxicity (OR 4.21, p&lt;0.0001). Age was significant in the univariate setting (OR 1.14, p&lt;0.0001) however due to high correlation with BSA, was not included with BSA in the multivariable model. Post-Induction, median nadir SAA levels were ≥0.1IU/mL for all BSA and age categories. Median SAA was similar or lower at all time-points for those ≥15 years of age compared with younger children. Median SAA for pts with BSA ≥1.5m 2 were similar or lower compared to those with BSA &lt;1.5m 2 (Figure 2a-d). Conclusion: Age ≥15 years and BSA ≥2m 2 were each associated with significantly increased asparaginase toxicity. Older patients and those with higher BSA had similar or lower median SAA levels at all time-points. These results suggest that the differential toxicity seen in older patients and those with higher BSA is not explained by these patients having higher SAA levels. Prospective exploration of interventions to decrease toxicity in older patients and those with high BSA are needed. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Neuberg: Madrigal Pharmaceuticals: Other: Stock ownership; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Silverman: Takeda, Servier, Syndax, Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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