Epigenetic and macrophysiological regulation of vegetative progeny crown morphogenesis of Siberian stone pine trees (Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Pinaceae) of different age

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
S. N. Velisevich ◽  
O. G. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Crown Shape ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Southern Taiga Subzone

The influence of epigenetic (associated with the ontogenetic meristem maturity) and macrophysiological(related to the rootstock influence) factors on the age-related variability of Siberian stone pine crown morphogenesis hasbeen studied. The objects of study are 6-year-old vegetative progeny of juvenile (3–5 years), immature (20–60 years),generative (200–350 years) and senile (350–700 years) trees of different age (grooving in southern taiga subzone, north ofthe Ob-Tomsk interfluve) grafted onto a common young stock. The prevailing trends in the formation of the grafts crownare revealed: the closer the donor tree is to the ontogenetic peak of growth, the more intensively its vegetative progenygrows and branches. The observed differences in growth and branching trends of grafts resulted in the formation of anage-specific crown shape: juveniles slowly grew but actively branched, immature actively grew and actively branched,generative actively grew, but worse branched, senile equally poorly grew and branched.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Siberian Stone Pine (Pinus Sibirica du Tour) in Southeastern West Siberian Plain

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaeva Svetlana A. ◽  
◽  
Velisevich Svetlana N. ◽  
Savchuk Dmitry A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour

scholarly journals 30-year cone production dynamics in Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) in the southern boreal zone: a causal interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Sergey Goroshkevich ◽  
Svetlana Velisevich ◽  
Aleksandr Popov ◽  
Oleg Khutornoy ◽  
Galina Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Effective Temperatures

Background and aims – Siberian stone pine is a keystone species for Siberia, and numerous studies have analyzed Siberian stone pine seeding dynamics in connection with the dynamics of weather conditions. However, all studies were based on observations before 1990. The aim of the study was to expand our knowledge about the balance of weather and climatic factors in the regulation of cone production to enable conclusions about the current reproductive function in Siberian stone pine.Material and methods – We monitored Siberian stone pine cone production in the southeastern region of the Western Siberian Plain, in association with climatic factors, over a period of 30 years. To analyze the relationship with weather conditions, we used the trait mature cone number per tree and weather data obtained from the weather station in Tomsk.Key results – During this period, cone production decreased by about one-third, mainly caused by the complete absence of high yields. The main factor negatively affecting cone production was late spring frost: severe frost occurring with a large accumulated sum of effective temperatures resulted in full cone loss, and light frost substantially reduced cone number. A less important but significant climatic factor was September temperature: as the temperature increased, the cone number decreased in the following year. Over the last 30 years, the sum of the effective temperatures at which the last spring frost occurs, as well as the average September temperature, increased considerably, resulting in reduced cone production.Conclusion – If the current climatic trend is maintained, and especially if it is strengthened, Siberian stone pine cone production in the southern boreal forest zone on the Western Siberian Plane is unlikely to provide for the effective renewal of the species.

scholarly journals Diversity of the hybrid forms between Siberian stone pine and Siberian dwarf pine

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
G. V. Vsilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Crown Structure ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) and Siberian dwarf pine (P. pumila) are Russian five-needle pines withdifferent life forms, namely upright tree and prostrate tree, respectively. Hybridization of the species was considered in thepaper from the point of view of the habitus of their natural hybrids. In early studies, it was always noted that the hybridswere intermediate in comparison with the parental species. Crown structure in hybrids are largely determined by twomain factors. These are deflection of the tree stem from the vertical axis and the selectivity of apical dominance. Hybridsgrowing in open places under full lighting conditions are characterized by strictly intermediate growth form. In a forestwhere there is no enough light, hybrid reaches for sun but gradually deviates to the side, which ultimately leads to a branchbreak or even the roots of the entire tree being upturned from the soil. In the mountains, hybrids can form uniform trunkbranches, forming a cup-shaped crown, similar to how it happens in Siberian dwarf pine. Thus, the previously notedintermediate morphology of hybrids represents a series of forms, from almost vertical multi-stemmed trees to pumila-likeones with a cup-shaped crown.

scholarly journals Weather Conditionality of Siberian Stone Pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) Seeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Sergei Goroshkevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accumulated Temperature

The dynamics of Siberian stone pine sexual reproduction in the South-Eastern part of the West Siberian Plain was studied by 13-year stationary observations. The stand age was 160–180 years, the average tree height was 22 m, and the average diameter of the trunk at breast height was 53 cm. On average, 50–60 trees were analyzed annually (in different years from 25 to 100). Cones were counted and samples were collected annually from August 10 to August 20. The resercher (usually the author of this paper) climbed each tree, knocked down the cones with operating tools (a bat and a rod), and then their number was counted on the ground. A sample of 10–15 cones was taken from each tree. Afterwards, a complete morphological analysis was performed: the number of sterile and fertile scales, and underdeveloped and developed seeds were counted. Developed seeds were analyzed by the X-ray method. To determine the weight, only perfectly full seeds selected by the X-ray pattern were used. Information on weather conditions was used according to data from the Tomsk station of Roshydromet. The main factor in the cone initiation was the amount of precipitation during 2 years before the start of this process: with an increase in the amount of precipitation, the number of cones increases. However, the final seed productivity depends to a greater extent not on the number of initiated cones, but on the success of their further development. The most important stage in the cone development was spring in the year of pollination and the main negative factor was late frosts. The degree of their negative impact is determined by the sum of the effective (above 5 °C) mean daily temperatures at which the return of frost with temperature from –3 to –4 °C occurred. Complete abortion of cones occurred only when the sum of effective temperatures was 150–180 °C. The same frost at the accumulated temperature sum of 100–150 °C killed a significant part of the cones, and the rest strongly disrupted the development. When the sum of accumulated temperature was about 50 °C, a strong frost significantly increased the loss of seedbuds at all stages of their development, thereby reducing the number of full seeds. The average temperature of September in the pollination year was an important factor in seed production. The loss of seedbuds increased significantly with its increase. The only important trait that is formed in the year of cone maturity is the weight of full seeds: it increases with the amount of precipitation from April to June of the current year.

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphism in Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) populations from Ural and Altai-Sayan mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 081-086
Author(s):  
Е. А. Petrova ◽  
Yu. S. Belokon
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Ural Mountain ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
South Siberia ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour ◽  
Allozyme Loci

The article presents the results of analysis of the variability of 23 allozyme loci in 10 populations of Siberian Stone pine. Populations from South Siberia mountain regions had higher percentage of polymorphic loci in averageand mean number of alleles per loci (P99% = 44,57 %, NA = 1,543 ± 0,014) compared to Ural populations (P99%=29,57%,NA = 1,348 ± 0,015). The average values of the observed and expected heterozygosity in the populations of the Altai-Sayan (HO = 0,087 ±0,007 and HE = 0,090 ± 0,004) and the Ural mountain region (HO = 0,083 ± 0,008 и HE = 0,082 ± 0,005)were close. About 8.4% of the total genetic diversity is due to differences between the studied populations. The results ofmultidimensional data analysis confirm the existence of the Altai-Sayan and Ural refugia in the post-glacial period andthe dispersal of Siberian stone pine to the North from the Ural glacier refugium.

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