scholarly journals CHANGE MANAGEMENT: METHODOLOGY OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
O. N. Pyatkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Change Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Job Duties

Economic growth unambiguously presupposes the development of enterprises based on the introduction of new technologies that require changes in the forms of organization of labor, its content. This inevitably entails staff resistance to the implementation of changes. Known techniques solve this problem, but they cannot be called effective and efficient. The reason is that when influencing personnel, they are guided mainly by the labor behavior of employees. Resistance of personnel, expressed in the opportunistic behavior of employees in the performance of new job duties, new labor procedures, solving old tasks with new methods and means. But the reason for the resistance goes deeper. It lies in the content and structure of social and labor relations. In the article, this the problem is considered through the prism of the institutional structure of social and labor relations, which are the essential basis of labor. A method of transforming them before introducing changes in order to reduce the potential of workers’ resistance is also proposed.

Institutionalization of Social and Labor Relations in the Context of Interaction of Productive Forces and Relations of Production: Orientation on Expanded Reproduction of the Workforce, Development and Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-57
Author(s):  
Viktor I. Belyaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industrial Complexes

The article aims to solve the problems of the development and economic growth of enterprises, organizations, regions, countries through the institutional transformation of social and labor relations during the periods of technological re-equipment of industries and industrial complexes. In theory and methodology, the article is based on Karl Marx’s well-known law of the correspondence of relations of production to the level and nature of the development of productive forces. It draws attention to the fact that, when technological changes (which are nothing more than the development of productive forces in the social and labor sphere) are introduced, employees’ resistance to changes arises. The reason for the resistance lies in the fact that the social and labor (production, according to Marx) relations that had developed by the time the changes were introduced collide with the technologies being introduced (productive forces). In order to reduce the potential of employees’ resistance to changes, the article proposes the following: when managing the implementation of changes, a recommendation is to exert managerial influence on the established institutions of social and labor relations, too. The transformation of the latter, which aims at resolving the arising objectively determined contradictions, will, as follows from the logic of Hegel, contribute to the technological development of enterprises, which, according to Joseph Schumpeter’s concept, will also ensure economic growth. Social and labor relations are influenced through the reproduction of the workforce, expressed in employees’ better qualifications, which, according to the theoretical provisions of Professor Aleksandr Bychkov, ensures the growth of human capital. Based on the provisions of the classical school of political economy, the concept of development of Schumpeter, the logic of Hegel, and the theoretical provisions of Bychkov, the article proposes a methodological scheme for the institutional transformation of social and labor relations. The scheme aims at resolving objectively determined contradictions between productive forces and social and labor relations, which will ensure technological development and economic growth.

STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF RAISING THE RETIREMENT AGE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN RUSSIA AND EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Apenko ◽  
◽  
Olga Kiriliuk ◽  
Elena Legchilina ◽  
Tatiana Tsalko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of a study of the impact of pension reform in Russia on economic growth and quality of life in a digital economy, taking into account the experience of raising the retirement age in Europe. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the impact of raising the retirement age on economic growth in the context of the development of digitalization in Russia and a comparative analysis with European countries. Results: the studies conducted allowed us to develop a system of indicators characterizing the impact of raising the retirement age on economic growth and the quality of life of the population in the context of digitalization. The authors found that raising the retirement age leads to a change in labor relations in Russia and Europe. The application of the proposed indicators can be used in the formation of a balanced state socio-economic policy in the field of institutional changes in the field of labor relations and raising the retirement age. The study was carried out under a grant from the RFBR № 19-010-00362 А.

Emerging Industrial Revolution: Symbiosis of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy: The Role of Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Alfred Ngowi ◽  
Henk De Jager ◽  
Bankole O. Awuzie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Jobs

Growing consumerism and population worldwide raises concerns about society’s sustainability aspirations. This has led to calls for concerted efforts to shift from the linear economy to a circular economy (CE), which are gaining momentum globally. CE approaches lead to a zero-waste scenario of economic growth and sustainable development. These approaches are based on semi-scientific and empirical concepts with technologies enabling 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) and 6Rs (reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, reduce, recover). Studies estimate that the transition to a CE would save the world in excess of a trillion dollars annually while creating new jobs, business opportunities and economic growth. The emerging industrial revolution will enhance the symbiotic pursuit of new technologies and CE to transform extant production systems and business models for sustainability. This article examines the trends, availability and readiness of fourth industrial revolution (4IR or industry 4.0) technologies (for example, Internet of Things [IoT], artificial intelligence [AI] and nanotechnology) to support and promote CE transitions within the higher education institutional context. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of universities as living laboratories for experimenting the utility of industry 4.0 technologies in driving the shift towards CE futures. The article concludes that universities should play a pivotal role in engendering CE transitions.

Developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation in the context of the middle income trap

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Paweł Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Endogenous Growth Theory ◽  
Middle Income Trap

The article is a contribution to the discussion on the necessity to change the current model of economic growth of Poland for model of economy based on knowledge and innovation. In this way, our country will be able to overcome the threats that might push the economy into the trap of the average income, expressed in long-term slowdown in GDP growth. The endogenous growth theory, formed after 1989 and characterized by duplication of Western technology, enabled relatively rapid growth by over 20 years. Currently, Poland to ensure an economic growth is facing the need for innovative technologies and innovation. Risks associated with middle income trap are very real because of the disappearance of comparative advantage, which results from relatively low labor costs. The creation in Poland conditions to accelerate economic growth requires action to increase the propensity of entrepreneurs to reach for new technologies and innovation and attractive market offer from the national centers for research and development.

Unveiling The Internal Forces Towards Digital Adaptation: A Change Perspective of Malaysian SMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
Fariza Hanim Rusly ◽  
Yurita Yakimin Abdul Talib ◽  
Muhammad Rosni Amir Hussin Hafizah Abdul Mutalib
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Firm Structure ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
Digital Strategy

Digital transformation, one of the key areas of change management in the digital age, is defined as a process of changes by the means of using IR technologies in firm's operation. The extant literature suggests that implementation of digital technologies could improve communication, information flow, thus contributing towards value creation and firm performance. Notwithstanding of scarce financial, human resources and strategic capabilities to adopt new technologies among SMEs (Lee et al., 2020), the firm structure, which is more flexible as compared to large firms, offers opportunity in terms of quick decision making (Ghobakhloo & Ching, 2019) for the owner to adapt the firm's business model with market changes and implement necessary changes to sustain in the business. Moreover, previous studies indicate SMEs gained benefit from technology adoption. Nevertheless, transformation towards digitalisation requires a considerable judgement of decision, investment and effort by management and among the employees. Keywords: Digitalisation,Digital Transformation, Digital Strategy, SME, Change Management

scholarly journals Ways of intensification of economic growth and activation of investment activities in order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 07015
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kopteva ◽  
Irina Romanova ◽  
Angela Mottaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
The Russian Federation

Macroeconomic dynamics is in the focus of attention of the scientific community due to the fact that it characterizes the key trends in the development of the national economy. The basic indicator in the system of national accounts is the gross domestic product (GDP), which in general form is the aggregate value of all goods and services produced within the national economy. GDP is widely used in the analysis of economic growth trends. Economic growth, creating conditions for it – the most important goal of economic development, both within the framework of ensuring the economic security of the entire national economy and at the level of an individual enterprise. Nowadays, economic development is characterized by an accelerated rate of scientific and technological progress: new technologies and approaches are being created that have higher efficiency. From a microeconomic point of view, the main factors of production are labor, capital and information. Fixed capital investments (buildings, structures, machinery and equipment) are a key instrument for renewing fixed assets. Investment activity is the process of renewing the capital of an enterprise as a result of modernizing its technical and technological base, which ensures its economic security. Investments, along with government spending, are key drivers of economic growth. As a result, we can confidently assert the high importance of investment activities, both throughout the country and at the level of individual economic entities, as well as their economic independence. The paper shows the ways to intensify economic growth and intensify investment activities in order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation.

Breakthrough Technologies: New Directions in Economic and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1235
Author(s):  
V. D. Ardzinov ◽  
N. V. Chepachenko ◽  
A. A. Leont’ev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Impact

The presented study examines the comparative characteristics of industrial revolution targets, national goals, and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian economy; proposes methods for measuring and evaluating technological development; describes its impact on economic growth and shows the performance of enterprises.Aim. The study aims to determine the specific features of formation of economic and social development targets and the potential of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, for shaping the technological development of the Russian economy; to propose methods for measuring and evaluating technological development and its impact on the growth and development of the national economy that would improve the quality of economic and managerial decision-making.Tasks. The authors clarify the interpretation of the concept of breakthrough technologies; identify distinctive features in the formation of industrial revolution targets and priority targets for the development of the Russian economy; substantiate methodological approaches to identifying parameters and indicators, methods for measuring and evaluating the level of technological development, its impact on the results of changes in economic growth and development of the national economy and its economic entities.Methods. The authors use the methods of scientific research, theoretical and comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, general theory of economic growth, and elements of the economic efficiency theory.Results. The interpretation of breakthrough technologies as dominant new technologies that can ensure accelerated progressive development of the economy and minimize damage to the natural environment is clarified. The distinctive features of formation of industrial revolution targets and their relationship with the targets for the development of the Russian economy are identified. Evaluative features are substantiated; indicators for measuring and evaluating the transformation of the technological development of enterprises engaged in different activities and indicators for measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on economic growth and development are proposed. The influence of the recommended measurement and evaluation methods on improving the quality of management decisions is shown.Conclusions. The study substantiates the need to improve methods for assessing the actual achieved (projected, planned) level of technological development as a necessary prerequisite for its qualitative analysis, evaluation, control, and monitoring required to make sound economic and managerial decisions. The proposed methods for measuring and evaluating technological development, measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on the quality of economic growth, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy (region, industry, activity, enterprises) improve the quality of managerial decision-making in achieving national goals for the development of the national economy.

USING OF SOME HIGH TECHNOLOGIES AGAINST MODERN INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Никифорович Валяев
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Special Session ◽  
Technology Center ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Nuclear Environment ◽  
High Technologies ◽  
Over Time

Сегодня главными угрозами для существования всего человечества являются нарастание интенсивности, в том числе широкомасштабные природные и техногенные катастрофы и международный терроризм (МТ). Согласно прогнозам эта негативная тенденция со временем усилится в 21 веке. И к ним добавился очень опасный вирус COVID-19. Здесь мы представляем результаты наших МТ-исследований по результатам участия в международных тематических мероприятиях, таких как международные научные мероприятия НАТО и Международного научно-технического центра (МНТЦ), в том числе некоторые фрагменты моей работы в качестве члена Международного Научный комитет Международной конференции по моделированию и симуляции хаоса (CHAOS) и руководитель его специальной сессии: «Моделирование оценки рисков для ядерных, экологических и техногенных источников». Особое внимание уделяется организации и проведению подобных мероприятий, направленных на повышение их эффективности и проведения. Предоставляется информация о новых методах борьбы с МТ и предотвращения её возможных действий. Обсуждаются вопросы использования новых технологий, посвященных сегодняшней борьбе с COVID-19 и группировкам МТ Талибан в Афганистане. Today the main great treats for existence of all humanity are intensity increasing and including wide scale natural and manmade catastrophes and international terrorism (IT). According to forecasts, this negative trend will increase over time in the 21st century. And very dangerous COVID-19 was added to them. Here we present the results of our IT researches on the results of participation in international thematic events, such as the international scientific events of NATO and the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC), including some fragments of my work as the member of the International Scientific Committee of Chaotic Modeling and Simulation International Conference (CHAOS) and chief of its Special Session: “Modeling risk assessment for nuclear, environment and manmade sources”. The special attention is paid to the organization and conduct of such events aimed at increasing their effectiveness and implementation. Information is provided on new methods of combating IT and preventing its possible acts. Using of new technologies, devoted to today struggle against COVID-19 and IT Taliban groups in Afghanistan are under discussion.

Islam and the ‘Great Divergence’: The Case of the Moroccan Marīnid Empire, 1269–1465 CE

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Shatzmiller
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
New Crops ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
Great Divergence

Marīnid Morocco is intriguing because it displays an economic efflorescence and a political and military drive similar to the northern Atlantic empires at a moment when Islamic societies are assumed to have been in a period of economic decline. This chapter applies recent theories on economic growth in pre-industrialised societies to the Marīnid case in order to revisit this assumption of decline. It provides evidence of population growth, increased urbanisation, new crops and new technologies in agriculture, greater manufacturing capacity, strong institutions, in particular legal institutions, trade and capital formation, both physical and human. It then surveys the structural changes in the Maghribī and Mediterranean economies to see how they were linked to Moroccan developments and uses the evidence and analysis presented to question the representation of an uninterrupted economic decline in premodern Islamic societies and the ‘great divergence’ thesis.

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