scholarly journals Proposal of Load and Amplitude Estimation Method for Linear Resonant Actuator Using Two Back-EMF Signals

Author(s):  
Masayuki KATO ◽  
Katsuhiro HIRATA ◽  
Yasuyoshi ASAI ◽  
Takamichi YOSHIMOTO
Author(s):  
Hans W. Pflug ◽  
Dries Neirynck ◽  
Jac Romme ◽  
Kathleen Philips ◽  
Harmke de Groot

Author(s):  
Grzegorz Dobiński ◽  
Sławomir Pawłowski ◽  
Marek Smolny

This article describes how one of the biggest challenges in designing of high-speed intermittent contact atomic force microscope (AFM) is the construction of a fast amplitude detector. The measurement techniques commonly used in commercial microscopes, such as RMS to DC converters or lock-in amplifiers often do not provide sufficient bandwidth to perform high speed imaging. On the other hand, many techniques developed especially for high-speed AFM are characterized by poor signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, a novel amplitude estimation method based on the generalized Goertzel algorithm is presented. The detection system, composed of 16-bit 100 mega-samples per second analog-to-digital converter and field-programmable gate array device, allows to measure the signal amplitude within the time comparable to one oscillation cycle of the AFM cantilever. The effectiveness and validity of the designed detector were investigated by computer simulation. High spatial resolution of the presented method implemented in the actual atomic force microscopy system is also demonstrated.


1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagykaldi Csaba ◽  
Manohar Singh Badhan
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Bharat P. Bhatta

This paper analyzes and synthesizes the fundamentals of discrete choice models. This paper alsodiscusses the basic concept and theory underlying the econometrics of discrete choice, specific choicemodels, estimation method, model building and tests, and applications of discrete choice models. Thiswork highlights the relationship between economic theory and discrete choice models: how economictheory contributes to choice modeling and vice versa. Keywords: Discrete choice models; Random utility maximization; Decision makers; Utility function;Model formulation


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Sui Ping Lee ◽  
Yee Kit Chan ◽  
Tien Sze Lim

Accurate interpretation of interferometric image requires an extremely challenging task based on actual phase reconstruction for incomplete noise observation. In spite of the establishment of comprehensive solutions, until now, a guaranteed means of solution method is yet to exist. The initially observed interferometric image is formed by 2π-periodic phase image that wrapped within (-π, π]. Such inverse problem is further corrupted by noise distortion and leads to the degradation of interferometric image. In order to overcome this, an effective algorithm that enables noise suppression and absolute phase reconstruction of interferometric phase image is proposed. The proposed method incorporates an improved order statistical filter that is able to adjust or vary on its filtering rate by adapting to phase noise level of relevant interferometric image. Performance of proposed method is evaluated and compared with other existing phase estimation algorithms. The comparison is based on a series of computer simulated and real interferometric data images. The experiment results illustrate the effectiveness and competency of the proposed method.


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