scholarly journals Increased target reinnervation by rescued cervical motoneurons after ventral root avulsion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Gloviczki
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

scholarly journals Modulation of the visceromotor reflex by a lumbosacral ventral root avulsion injury and repair in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (5) ◽  
pp. F641-F647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi H. Chang ◽  
Leif A. Havton
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Noxious Stimulation ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Contraction Duration ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

Increased abdominal muscle wall activity may be part of a visceromotor reflex (VMR) response to noxious stimulation of the bladder. However, information is sparse regarding the effects of cauda equina injuries on the VMR in experimental models. We studied the effects of a unilateral L6-S1 ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury and acute ventral root reimplantation (VRI) into the spinal cord on micturition reflexes and electromyographic activity of the abdominal wall in rats. Cystometrogram (CMG) and electromyography (EMG) of the abdominal external oblique muscle (EOM) were performed. All rats demonstrated EMG activity of the EOM associated with reflex bladder contractions. At 1 wk after VRA and VRI, the duration of the EOM EMG activity associated with reflex voiding was significantly prolonged compared with age-matched sham rats. However, at 3 wk postoperatively, the duration of the EOM responses remained increased in the VRA series but had normalized in the VRI group. The EOM EMG duration was normalized for both VRA and VRI groups at 8–12 wk postoperatively. CMG recordings show increased contraction duration at 1 and 3 wk postoperatively for the VRA series, whereas the contraction duration was only increased at 1 wk postoperatively for the VRI series. Our studies suggest that a unilateral lumbosacral VRA injury results in a prolonged VMR to bladder filling using a physiological saline solution. An acute root replantation decreased the VMR induced by VRA injury and provides earlier sensory recovery.

scholarly journals Combining timed GDNF and ChABC gene therapy to promote long‐distance regeneration following ventral root avulsion and repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 10605-10622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Eggers ◽  
Fred Winter ◽  
Lotte Smit ◽  
Maruelle Luimens ◽  
Elizabeth M. Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

scholarly journals Neuroprotection and Axonal Regeneration After Lumbar Ventral Root Avulsion by Re-implantation and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplant Combined Therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Torres-Espín ◽  
Dora Luz Corona-Quintanilla ◽  
Joaquim Forés ◽  
Ilary Allodi ◽  
Francisco González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

scholarly journals EMG characteristics of the external anal sphincter guarding reflex and effects of a unilateral ventral root avulsion injury in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 2710-2718
Author(s):  
Huiyi H. Chang ◽  
Una Lee ◽  
Timothy Vu ◽  
Victor Pikov ◽  
Jaime H. Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
External Anal Sphincter ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

The external anal sphincter (EAS) is important for the maintenance of bowel continence and may be compromised by a variety of neuropathic conditions. However, large animal models for the study of EAS functions have been sparse. The EAS guarding reflex was examined by electromyography (EMG) in neurologically intact rhesus macaques ( n = 6) and at 4–6 wk after a unilateral EAS denervation from an L6–S3 ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury ( n = 6). Baseline EAS EMG recordings were quiescent in all subjects, and evoked responses showed an initial large-amplitude EMG activity, which gradually returned to baseline within 1–2 min. At 4–6 wk postoperatively, the EAS guarding reflex showed a significantly reduced EMG response duration of 47 ± 15 s and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.198 ± 0.097 mV·s compared with the corresponding evoked EAS EMG duration of 102 ± 19 s and AUC of 0.803 ± 0.225 mV·s ( P < 0.05) in the control group. Detailed time- and frequency-domain analysis of the evoked EAS EMG responses for the first 40 s showed no difference between groups for the maximum amplitude but a significant decrease for the mean amplitude across the study period and an early AUC reduction for the first 10 s in the VRA injury group. Time-frequency analysis and power spectrum plots indicated decreased intensity and a narrower midrange of frequencies in the VRA injury group. We conclude that the EAS guarding reflex in rhesus macaques shows characteristic EMG features in control subjects and signs of partial target denervation after a unilateral L6–S3 VRA injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The external anal sphincter guarding reflex showed initial large-amplitude peaks and a gradual return to a quiescent baseline after a rectal probe stimulus in rhesus macaques. At 4–6 wk after a unilateral ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury, the electromyography duration, mean amplitude, and area under the curve measurements were decreased. Time-frequency analysis and power spectrum plots indicated decreased intensity and a narrowed midrange of frequencies in the VRA injury cohort.

Ventral root avulsion: An experimental model of death of adult motor neurons

1994 ◽  
Vol 342 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis E. Koliatsos ◽  
William L. Price ◽  
Carlos A. Pardo ◽  
Donald L. Price
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

Lumbosacral ventral root avulsion alters reflex activation of bladder, urethra, and perineal muscles during micturition in female rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1283-1291
Author(s):  
Dora Luz Corona‐Quintanilla ◽  
Cesar Acosta‐Ortega ◽  
Zamantha Flores‐Lozada ◽  
Rhode López‐Juárez ◽  
René Zempoalteca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion ◽  
Reflex Activation

scholarly journals Lithium enhances survival and regrowth of spinal motoneurons after ventral root avulsion

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Fu ◽  
Ying Tang ◽  
Ze-Min Ling ◽  
Ying-Qin Li ◽  
Xiao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Spinal Motoneurons ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

scholarly journals Delayed Spinal Cord–Brachial Plexus Reconnection after C7 Ventral Root Avulsion: The Effect of Reinnervating Motoneurons Rescued by Riluzole Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (15) ◽  
pp. 2364-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Gloviczki ◽  
Dénes G. Török ◽  
Gábor Márton ◽  
László Gál ◽  
Tamás Bodzay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion
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