scholarly journals Genetic patterns in range-edge populations of Vaccinium species from the central Balkans: implications on conservation prospects and sustainable usage

Silva Fennica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Bjedov ◽  
Dragica Obratov–Petković ◽  
Danijela Mišić ◽  
Branislav Šiler ◽  
Jelena Aleksic
Keyword(s):  
Range Edge ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Edge Populations ◽  
Sustainable Usage

scholarly journals Autumn freeze-thaw events carry over to depress late-winter reproductive performance in Canada jays

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 181754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex O. Sutton ◽  
Dan Strickland ◽  
Nikole E. Freeman ◽  
Amy E. M. Newman ◽  
D. Ryan Norris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Food Caching ◽  
Nestling Condition ◽  
Edge Populations ◽  
Carry Over

Evidence suggests that range-edge populations are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, but few studies have examined the specific mechanisms that are driving observed declines. Species that store perishable food for extended periods of time may be particularly susceptible to environmental change because shifts in climatic conditions could accelerate the natural degradation of their cached food. Here, we use 40 years of breeding data from a marked population of Canada jays ( Perisoreus canadensis ) located at the southern edge of their range in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, to examine whether climatic conditions prior to breeding carry over to influence reproductive performance. We found that multiple measures of Canada jay reproductive performance (brood size, nest success and nestling condition) in the late winter were negatively correlated with the number of freeze–thaw events the previous autumn. Our results suggest that freeze–thaw events have a significant detrimental impact on the quality and/or quantity of cached food available to Canada jays. Future increases in such events, caused by climate change, could pose a serious threat to Canada jays and other food caching species that store perishable foods for long periods of time.

Active sexual reproduction but no sign of genetic diversity in range-edge populations of Vanilla roscheri Rchb. f. (Orchidaceae) in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe L. Gigant ◽  
Alexandre De Bruyn ◽  
Brigitte Church ◽  
Laurence Humeau ◽  
Anne Gauvin-Bialecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and hotspots of mammals in Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cameron ◽  
Anna L. Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
As Species ◽  
Edge Populations ◽  
Mammal Diversity

AbstractHigh-latitude countries often contain the polar range edge of species that are common farther south. The more peripherally a species occurs in a country, the smaller its national range will be and the more its national range will consist of range-edge populations, which are often predicted to be relatively small, isolated, and unproductive. Together, this may focus national conservation efforts toward peripheral species whose global conservation value is controversial. However, if range-edge taxa occur where overall diversity is also high, there would be fewer trade-offs in protecting them. Using 153 of the 158 terrestrial mammal species in Canada, we tested how species’ distributions relate to their national conservation status and total mammal richness. Half of ‘Canadian’ mammals had <20% of their global range in Canada. Range area in Canada was strongly associated with national threat status; mammals considered ‘at-risk’ in Canada had 42% smaller Canadian ranges than mammals considered secure. However, after accounting for range area, being more peripheral (smaller proportion of global range in Canada) did not increase the likelihood that a taxon was considered at-risk. We overlaid the 153 maps to calculate mammal diversity across Canada, divided into 100×100 km grid cells. We found that hotspots of at-risk mammals (cells with >4 at-risk taxa) and hotspots of range-edge mammals (cells with >12 taxa with ≤20% of their range in Canada) were about twice as species rich as non-hotspot cells, containing up to 44% of Canadian mammal diversity per grid-cell. Our results suggest that protecting areas with the most at-risk or range-edge mammals would simultaneously protect habitat for many species currently deemed secure.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and conservation hotspots of mammals in Canada

FACETS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 692-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cameron ◽  
Anna L. Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
As Species ◽  
Edge Populations ◽  
Mammal Diversity

High-latitude countries often contain the polar range edge of species that are common farther south, potentially focusing national conservation efforts toward range-edge populations. The global conservation value of edge populations is controversial, but if they occur where biodiversity is high, there need not be trade-offs in protecting them. Using 152 of 158 terrestrial mammal species in Canada, we tested how species’ distributions relate to their national conservation status and total mammal richness. We found that half of “Canadian” mammals had <20% of their global range in Canada. National threat status was strongly associated with range area; mammals considered “at risk” had 42% smaller Canadian ranges than mammals considered secure. However, after accounting for range area, taxa with smaller proportions of their global range in Canada were not more likely to be considered at risk, suggesting edge populations are not inherently more vulnerable. When we calculated mammal diversity across Canada (100 × 100 km grid cells), we found that hotspots of at-risk or range-edge mammals were twice as species rich as nonhotspot cells, containing up to 44% of Canadian mammal diversity per grid cell. Our results suggest that protecting areas with the most at-risk or range-edge mammals would simultaneously protect habitat for many species currently deemed secure.

Documenting successful recruitment of monarch butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) at the extreme northern edge of their range

2018 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Tyler Flockhart ◽  
John H. Acorn ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
D. Ryan Norris
Keyword(s):  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Monarch Butterflies ◽  
American Midwest ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
The North ◽  
Successful Recruitment ◽  
Breeding Distribution ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

AbstractMonarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)) in eastern North America migrate each year from overwintering areas in Mexico to cover a large breeding distribution across the United States of America and southern Canada. In 2012, monarch butterflies migrated well beyond their usual range, resulting in an extended breeding distribution compared to typical years. We used stable isotope (δ2H, δ13C) measurements in wing chitin to determine the area of natal origin of these butterflies. Most monarch butterflies collected in May, June, and July from Manitoba and Alberta, Canada had natal origins in the North American Midwest. Monarch butterflies collected in Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada in August and September had local natal origins indicating successful recruitment of offspring from colonising individuals. However, it is unknown whether these offspring migrated successfully to overwintering areas. Our work highlights the ability of monarch butterflies to colonise distant breeding areas and demonstrates how stable isotopes can be used to understand the dynamics of range-edge populations.

scholarly journals Losing your edge: climate change and the conservation value of range‐edge populations

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 4315-4326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan M. Rehm ◽  
Paulo Olivas ◽  
James Stroud ◽  
Kenneth J. Feeley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Demographic Inferences and Loci Under Selection in a Recently Expanded Coral Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E Fifer ◽  
Nina Yasuda ◽  
Take Yamakita ◽  
Sarah W. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Genomic Signatures ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Acropora Hyacinthus ◽  
Edge Populations ◽  
Genomic Patterns ◽  
Different Sources

Coral poleward range expansions in response to warming oceans have been historically observed, however contemporary expansion rates of some coral species have become more rapid as global temperatures rise at unprecedented rates. Range expansion can lead to reduced genetic diversity and surfing of deleterious mutations in expanding populations, potentially limiting the ability for adaption and persistence in novel environments. Successful expansions that overcome these founder effects and colonize new habitat have been attributed to multiple introductions from different sources, hybridization with native populations, or rapid adaptive evolution. Here, we investigate population genomic patterns of the reef-building coral Acropora hyacinthus along a latitudinal cline that includes a well-established range expansion front in Japan using 2b-RAD sequencing. A total of 184 coral samples were collected across seven sites spanning from ~24N to near its northern range front at ~33N. We uncover the presence of three cryptic lineages of A. hyacinthus, which occupy discrete areas within this region. Only one lineage is present at the expansion front and we find evidence of its historical occupation of marginal habitats. Within this lineage we also find evidence of bottleneck pressures associated with expansion events including higher clonality, increased linkage disequilibrium, and lower genetic diversity in range edge populations compared to core populations. Asymmetric migration between populations was also detected with lower migration from edge sites. Lastly, we describe genomic signatures of local adaptation potentially attributed to lower winter temperatures experienced at the more recently expanded northern populations. Together these data illuminate the genomic consequences of range expansion in a coral and highlight how adaptation to colder temperatures along the expansion front may facilitate further range expansion in this coral lineage.

scholarly journals Adaptive introgression and maintenance of a trispecies hybrid complex in range-edge populations ofPopulus

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (23) ◽  
pp. 4820-4838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram E. Chhatre ◽  
Luke M. Evans ◽  
Stephen P. DiFazio ◽  
Stephen R. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Introgression ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
Edge Populations
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