scholarly journals Functional mechanisms of stimulus-specific adaptation in neurons of the auditory thalamus and its cortical modulation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora María Ferreira Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus ◽  
Cortical Modulation ◽  
Functional Mechanisms

scholarly journals Stimulus-specific adaptation in auditory thalamus of young and aged awake rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1892-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben D. Richardson ◽  
Kenneth E. Hancock ◽  
Donald M. Caspary
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus ◽  
Gating Mechanism ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Awake Rats

Novel stimulus detection by single neurons in the auditory system, known as stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA), appears to function as a real-time filtering/gating mechanism in processing acoustic information. Particular stimulus paradigms allowing for quantification of a neuron's ability to detect novel or deviant stimuli have been used to examine SSA in the inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body (MGB), and auditory cortex of anesthetized rodents. However, the study of SSA in awake animals is limited to auditory cortex. The present study used individually advanceable tetrodes to record single-unit responses from auditory thalamus (MGB) of awake young adult and aged Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats to 1) examine the presence of SSA in the MGB of awake rats and 2) determine whether SSA is altered by aging in MGB. MGB single units in awake FBN rats displayed SSA in response to two stimulus paradigms: the oddball paradigm and a random blocked/interleaved presentation of a set of frequencies. SSA levels were modestly, but nonsignificantly, increased in the nonlemniscal regions of the MGB and at lower stimulus intensities, where 27 of 57 (47%) young adult MGB units displayed SSA. The present findings provide the initial description of SSA in the MGB of awake rats and support SSA as being qualitatively independent of arousal level or anesthetized state. Finally, contrary to previous studies in auditory cortex of anesthetized rats, MGB units in aged rats showed SSA levels indistinguishable from SSA levels in young adult rats, suggesting that SSA in MGB was not impacted by aging in an awake preparation.

An Overview of Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in the Auditory Thalamus

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora M. Antunes ◽  
Manuel S. Malmierca
Keyword(s):  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus

Frequency-Dependent Stimulus-Specific Adaptation and Regularity Sensitivity in the Rat Auditory Thalamus

Neuroscience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Yun Rui ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Yu-Ying Zhai ◽  
Zhi-Hai Sun ◽  
XiongJie Yu
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus

scholarly journals Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in the Auditory Thalamus of the Anesthetized Rat

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e14071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora M. Antunes ◽  
Israel Nelken ◽  
Ellen Covey ◽  
Manuel S. Malmierca
Keyword(s):  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus

scholarly journals Stimulus-Specific Adaptation Occurs in the Auditory Thalamus

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (22) ◽  
pp. 7359-7363 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Anderson ◽  
G. B. Christianson ◽  
J. F. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Specific Adaptation ◽  
Auditory Thalamus

Tubulin structure at intermediate resolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 852-853
Author(s):  
K. H. Downing ◽  
S. G. Wolf ◽  
E. Nogales
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Functional Mechanisms ◽  
Tubulin Structure

Microtubules are involved in a host of critical cell activities, many of which involve transport of organelles through the cell. Different sets of microtubules appear to form during the cell cycle for different functions. Knowledge of the structure of tubulin will be necessary in order to understand the various functional mechanisms of microtubule assemble, disassembly, and interaction with other molecules, but tubulin has so far resisted crystallization for x-ray diffraction studies. Fortuitously, in the presence of zinc ions, tubulin also forms two-dimensional, crystalline sheets that are ideally suited for study by electron microscopy. We have refined procedures for forming the sheets and preparing them for EM, and have been able to obtain high-resolution structural data that sheds light on the formation and stabilization of microtubules, and even the interaction with a therapeutic drug.Tubulin sheets had been extensively studied in negative stain, demonstrating that the same protofilament structure was formed in the sheets and microtubules. For high resolution studies, we have found that the sheets embedded in either glucose or tannin diffract to around 3 Å.

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