Nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed on a low-protein diet supplemented with mono-component proteases

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Law ◽  
I. Zulkifli ◽  
A.F. Soleimani ◽  
M.A. Hossain ◽  
J.B. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Efficiency of Fresh and Fermented Banana Stem in Low Protein Diet on Nutrient Digestibility, Productive Performance and Intestinal Morphology of Crossbred Pig ((Thai native x Meishan) x Duroc)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Arjin ◽  
◽  
Chanmany Souphannavong ◽  
Apinya Sartsook ◽  
Mintra Seel-audom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Banana Stem

Banana stem is a common feed component for raising pigs in mountainous Southeast Asia. However, its nutritive value and digestibility are low. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of unfermented and fermented banana stems on crossbred pigs concerning nutrient digestibility, productive performance, and intestinal morphology. Initially, an in vitro ileal digestibility test was performed for the following feedstuffs: fresh banana stem (BS), fermented banana stem (FBS), concentrate (C), fresh banana stem + concentrate (BSC), and fermented banana stem + concentrate (FBSC). For the 120-day experiment, 16 crossbred pigs were divided into two groups and fed with BSC and FBSC. They were placed in individual cages and subsequently moved to metabolic cages for seven days to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD). Finally, all pigs were slaughtered and their small intestines were analyzed for intestinal morphology. The results show that pure fresh and fermented banana stems had low digestibility. However, their digestibility increased by 50% when mixed with concentrate. Crossbred pigs fed BSC and FBSC did not exhibit significant differences in their performance, but the intestinal morphology of the FBSC group had improved intestinal morphology, especially the villi height. In conclusion, both fresh and fermented banana stems can be recommended in a low protein diet as feed for crossbred pigs in an improved production system. This is relevant for raising pigs in mountainous areas, as it has the potential to reduce feed cost and maintain production performance.

Effects of low protein diet and low protein diet supplemented with synthetic essential amino acids on meat quality of broiler chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kobayashi ◽  
Kazuki Nakashima ◽  
Aiko Ishida ◽  
Akane Ashihara ◽  
Masaya Katsumata
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Protein and energy relations in the broiler chicken

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Rosebrough ◽  
J. P. McMurtry ◽  
N. C. Steele
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Intermittent Feeding ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Feeding Regimen

1. Broiler chickens growing from 7 to 28 d of age were given: (1) a 210 g protein/kg control diet for the entire experimental period, (2) an intermittent feeding regimen (210 g protein/kg diet for either 1 or 2 d followed by a 1 d fast), or (3) a daily change in the dietary protein level from 120 to 300 g/kg diet. Treatment variables examined were lipogenesis and glucose production in vitro, and circulating concentrations of insulin, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) to determine the effects of chronic or acute dietary treatments.2. Giving the 300 g protein/kg diet or withholding feed for 1 d decreased (P < 0.05) lipogenesis in vitro compared with controls.3. Giving the 120 g protein/kg diet or refeeding with a 210 g protein/kg diet for 1 or 2 d increased (P < 0.05) lipogenesis in vitro compared with controls. Glucose production was affected in the same manner.4. Fasting decreased (P < 0.05) plasma insulin and T3 and increased T4. Both refeeding and a low-protein diet increased T3. Refeeding increased and a low-protein diet decreased insulin.5. Chronic use (7-28 d of age) of either an alternating protein or intermittent feeding regimen caused greater responses compared with acute bouts (single cycle) of either of the regimens.

scholarly journals Effects of Guanidinoacetic Acid in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance and the Incidence of Ascites in Broiler Chickens

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 51-44
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Sharifi ◽  
Fariborz Khajali ◽  
Behnam Ahmadi Jonaghani ◽  
Hossien Hassan Pour ◽  
Abdolrasoul Safarpour
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Guanidinoacetic Acid

Influence of low-protein diets and protease and bromelain supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood urine nitrogen, creatinine, and faecal noxious gas in growing–finishing pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Nguyen ◽  
S.I. Lee ◽  
J.Y. Cheong ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

A total of 180 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average body weight of 22.61 ± 1.23 kg were used in an 18 wk study to determine the effect of protease and bromelain in low-protein diets in grower–finisher pigs. Dietary treatments included: T1, basal diet treatment; T2, low-protein treatment; T3 (T2 + 0.2 g kg−1 protease); and T4 (T2 + 0.3 g kg−1 bromelain). Pigs fed protease- and bromelain-supplemented diets increased average daily gain and gain to feed ratio at week 18, dry matter and nitrogen digestibility at week 6, as well as energy digestibility at week 12, compared with low-protein diet (P < 0.05). Pigs fed T3 and T4 diets led to a trend of decreased (P < 0.05) blood urine nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations at the 12th wk. A reduction of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emission was observed in pigs fed the dietary protease and bromelain supplementation at the 6th wk (P < 0.05). There was no effect on all parameters between the protease and bromelain supplementation treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of protease and bromelain to low-protein diet enhanced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and reduced NH3 and H2S in growing–finishing pigs.

Hepatic Ultrastructure Changes Induced by Lithocholic Acid

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 162-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lithocholic Acid ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Addition of lithocholic acid (LCA), a naturally occurring bile acid in mammals, to a low protein diet fed to rats induced marked inflammatory reaction in the hepatic cells followed by hydropic degeneration and ductular cell proliferation. These changes were accompanied by dilatation and hyperplasia of the common bile duct and formation of “gallstones”. All these changes were reversible when LCA was withdrawn from the low protein diet except for the hardened gallstones which persisted.Electron microscopic studies revealed marked alterations in the hepatic cells. Early changes included disorganization, fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and detachment of its ribosomes. Free ribosomes, either singly or arranged in small clusters were frequently seen in most of the hepatic cells. Vesiculation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum was often encountered as early as one week after the administration of LCA (Fig. 1).

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