scholarly journals Advanced microinjection protocol for gene manipulation using the model newt Pleurodeles waltl

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Hayashi ◽  
Mie Nakajima ◽  
Mitsuki Kyakuno ◽  
Kanako Doi ◽  
Ikumi Manabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Gene Manipulation ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
The Core ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Injection Protocol ◽  
Pleurodeles Waltl

Urodele amphibian newts have an outstanding history as experimental animals in various research fields such as developmental biology and regeneration biology. We have reported a model experimental system using the Spanish newt, Pleurodeles waltl, and it enables reverse/molecular genetics through gene manipulation. Microinjection is one of the core techniques in gene manipulation in newts. In the present study, we examined the conditions of the microinjection method, such as egg preparation, de-jelly solution, and formulation of injection medium. We have successfully optimized the injection protocol for P. waltl newts, and our improved protocol is more efficient and lower in cost than previous methods. This protocol can be used for the microinjection of plasmid DNA with I-SceI or mRNA, as well as genome editing using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. This protocol will facilitate research through gene manipulation in newts.

On the Sociology of Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Rivera-Sánchez ◽  
Xóchitl Bada
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
The Core ◽  
Research Fields

In this introductory chapter, we develop a brief history around the institutionalization process of sociology in Latin America. At the same time, we revisit some of the core debates and contributions of the sociology of Latin America, identifying some of the topics and fields in which sociology from this region has made key contributions to the discipline. The chapter is divided into three sections: development and institutionalization of the discipline, selected debates and contributions to sociology from Latin America, and, finally, the roadmap to this Handbook, which covers eight research fields.

scholarly journals Versatile Redox-Responsive Polyplexes for the Delivery of Plasmid DNA, Messenger RNA, and CRISPR-Cas9 Genome-Editing Machinery

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (38) ◽  
pp. 31915-31927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Wang ◽  
Ben Ma ◽  
Amr A. Abdeen ◽  
Guojun Chen ◽  
Ruosen Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Redox Responsive

Evolutionary developmental biology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Amundson
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Developmental Genetics ◽  
Comparative Biology ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Adult Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Evo Devo ◽  
Year 2000

Evolutionary developmental biology is the study of evolutionary change (called phylogeny) as it is revealed through the embryological development of individual organisms (called ontogeny). On this approach, the understanding of ontogeny contributes to our understanding of phylogeny, and vice versa. Evolutionary thinkers of the nineteenth century almost all held what may be called the core doctrine of evolutionary developmental biology: that in order to achieve a modification in the adult form, evolution must modify the embryological processes responsible for that form, so that an understanding of evolution requires an understanding of development. Evolutionary theory has no theoretical need for developmental views of evolution. Beginning around 1990 a series of discoveries and theoretical innovations in developmental genetics led to the reinvigoration of developmental approaches to evolution. Evolutionary developmental biology (‘evo-devo’ as it is now called) was inaugurated as a Division of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology in the year 2000.

Automatically Extracting University Scholar Names Information and Classification

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 2065-2068
Author(s):  
Chang Su ◽  
Wen Qiang Jia ◽  
Feng Jun Shang
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Web Crawler ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
National Science ◽  
Chinese Scholars

High-tech talent is one of the important social resources such as energy and material, and introducing high-tech talent is an important strategy for the development of national science and technology. To extract high-tech talent information of variety research fields from massive websites. Firstly, we study the principles of Web crawler and Web data Extraction in the paper. Then taking the U.S universities as an example, we propose an intelligent method and procedure which can extract scholars name information from websites. Finally, we apply a classification algorithm to identify Chinese scholars working at overseas and verify the validity of the method in the experimental system. The accuracy of the classification algorithm is higher than 90%, the average accuracy of result information is higher than 77%.

scholarly journals Erratum: Annual tendency of research papers used ICR mice as experimental animals in biomedical research fields

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
Jung Hoon Nam ◽  
Joon Young Cho ◽  
Kil Soo Kim ◽  
Dae Youn Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Icr Mice ◽  
Research Fields

scholarly journals From spores to antibiotics via the cell cycle

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Errington
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Spatial Regulation ◽  
Prespore Cell ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Cellular Development ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Bacterial Cell Cycle ◽  
Novel Antibiotics

Spore formation in Bacillus subtilis is a superb experimental system with which to study some of the most fundamental problems of cellular development and differentiation. Work begun in the 1980s and ongoing today has led to an impressive understanding of the temporal and spatial regulation of sporulation, and the functions of many of the several hundred genes involved. Early in sporulation the cells divide in an unusual asymmetrical manner, to produce a small prespore cell and a much larger mother cell. Aside from developmental biology, this modified division has turned out to be a powerful system for investigation of cell cycle mechanisms, including the components of the division machine, how the machine is correctly positioned in the cell, and how division is coordinated with replication and segregation of the chromosome. Insights into these fundamental mechanisms have provided opportunities for the discovery and development of novel antibiotics. This review summarizes how the bacterial cell cycle field has developed over the last 20 or so years, focusing on opportunities emerging from the B. subtilis system.

scholarly journals Unintended inhibition of protein function using GFP nanobodies in human cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cansu Küey ◽  
Gabrielle Larocque ◽  
Nicholas I. Clarke ◽  
Stephen J. Royle
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Popular Approach ◽  
Inactive State ◽  
Dynamin 2 ◽  
Gfp Tag

Tagging a protein-of-interest with GFP using genome editing is a popular approach to study protein function in cell and developmental biology. To avoid re-engineering cell lines or organisms in order to introduce additional tags, functionalized nanobodies that bind GFP can be used to extend the functionality of the GFP tag. We developed functionalized nanobodies, which we termed “dongles”, that could add, for example, an FKBP tag to a GFP-tagged protein-of-interest; enabling knocksideways experiments in GFP knock-in cell lines. The power of knocksideways is that it allows investigators to rapidly switch the protein from an active to an inactive state. We show that dongles allow for effective knocksideways of GFP-tagged proteins in genome-edited human cells. However, we discovered that nanobody binding to dynamin-2-GFP caused inhibition of dynamin function prior to knocksideways. While this limitation might be specific to the protein studied, it was significant enough to convince us not to pursue development of dongle technology further.

scholarly journals The role of stabilizing and communicating symptoms given overlapping communities in psychopathology networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Blanken ◽  
Marie Deserno ◽  
Jonas Dalege ◽  
Denny Borsboom ◽  
Peter Blanken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
The Core ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Network theory, as a theoretical and methodological framework, is energizing many research fields, among which clinical psychology and psychiatry. Fundamental to the network theory of psychopathology is the role of specific symptoms and their interactions. Current statistical tools, however, fail to fully capture this constitutional property. We propose community detection tools as a means to evaluate the complex network structure of psychopathology, free from its original boundaries of distinct disorders. Unique to this approach is that symptoms can belong to multiple communities. Using a large community sample and spanning a broad range of symptoms (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised), we identified 18 communities of interconnected symptoms. The differential role of symptoms within and between communities offers a framework to study the clinical concepts of comorbidity, heterogeneity and hallmark symptoms. Symptoms with many and strong connections within a community, defined as stabilizing symptoms, could be thought of as the core of a community, whereas symptoms that belong to multiple communities, defined as communicating symptoms, facilitate the communication between problem areas. We propose that defining symptoms on their stabilizing and/or communicating role within and across communities accelerates our understanding of these clinical phenomena, central to research and treatment of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Biotechnological Strategies for a Resilient Potato Crop

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rakosy-Tican ◽  
Imola Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

The aim of this chapter is to describe in a synthetic manner the most efficient biotechnological techniques which can be applied in potato breeding with emphasis on multiple resistance traits. To this end, most important results of all biotechnological techniques will be pointed out including new biotechnological tools of genome editing. The somatic hybridization will be the core of the presentation as the only non-GMO strategy with good results in transferring multiple resistances into potato gene pool. The chapter is presenting all data in a synthesized form and made comparisons between the existing techniques and their possible adoption in breeding in different parts of the world, depending on regulations and consumer choice. Moreover, the recently discovered value of potato as a healthy food and its possible applications in cancer treatment will be also discussed with new data on both potato and some of its wild relatives.

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