scholarly journals Matrix remodeling associated 5 expression in trunk and limb during avian development

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eli Robins ◽  
Anthony A. Capehart
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Avian Development

The role of DUBs in the post-translational control of cell migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Lambies ◽  
Antonio García de Herreros ◽  
Víctor M. Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tgfβ Receptors ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Multistep Process

Abstract Cell migration is a multifactorial/multistep process that requires the concerted action of growth and transcriptional factors, motor proteins, extracellular matrix remodeling and proteases. In this review, we focus on the role of transcription factors modulating Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT-TFs), a fundamental process supporting both physiological and pathological cell migration. These EMT-TFs (Snail1/2, Twist1/2 and Zeb1/2) are labile proteins which should be stabilized to initiate EMT and provide full migratory and invasive properties. We present here a family of enzymes, the deubiquitinases (DUBs) which have a crucial role in counteracting polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of EMT-TFs after their induction by TGFβ, inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia. We also describe the DUBs promoting the stabilization of Smads, TGFβ receptors and other key proteins involved in transduction pathways controlling EMT.

MiRNA, a New Treatment Strategy for Pulmonary Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Liu ◽  
Hongguang Nie ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Yapeng Hou ◽  
Kejun Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cell ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
New Treatment

: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the most common chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease, mainly occurring in the elderly, with a median survival of 2-4 years after diagnosis. Its high mortality rate attributes to the delay in diagnosis due to its generic symptoms, and more importantly, to the lack of effective treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that involve in many essential cellular processes, including extracellular matrix remodeling, alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, etc. We summarized the dysregulated miRNAs in TGF-β signaling pathway-mediated PF in recent years with dual effects, such as anti-fibrotic let-7 family and pro-fibrotic miR-21 members. Therefore, this review will set out the latest application of miRNAs to provide a new direction for PF treatment.

scholarly journals Dendritic Fibroblasts in Three-dimensional Collagen Matrices

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Grinnell ◽  
Chin-Han Ho ◽  
Elisa Tamariz ◽  
David J. Lee ◽  
Gabriella Skuta
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Collagen Matrices ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Metabolic Coupling ◽  
Dendritic Network

Cell motility determines form and function of multicellular organisms. Most studies on fibroblast motility have been carried out using cells on the surfaces of culture dishes. In situ, however, the environment for fibroblasts is the three-dimensional extracellular matrix. In the current research, we studied the morphology and motility of human fibroblasts embedded in floating collagen matrices at a cell density below that required for global matrix remodeling (i.e., contraction). Under these conditions, cells were observed to project and retract a dendritic network of extensions. These extensions contained microtubule cores with actin concentrated at the tips resembling growth cones. Platelet-derived growth factor promoted formation of the network; lysophosphatidic acid stimulated its retraction in a Rho and Rho kinase-dependent manner. The dendritic network also supported metabolic coupling between cells. We suggest that the dendritic network provides a mechanism by which fibroblasts explore and become interconnected to each other in three-dimensional space.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Interaction between Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Breast Tumor Progression

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Jorge Martinez ◽  
Patricio C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Desmoplastic Reaction ◽  
The Impact

Desmoplastic tumors correspond to a unique tissue structure characterized by the abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix. Breast tumors are a typical example of this type of lesion, a property that allows its palpation and early detection. Fibrillar type I collagen is a major component of tumor desmoplasia and its accumulation is causally linked to tumor cell survival and metastasis. For many years, the desmoplastic phenomenon was considered to be a reaction and response of the host tissue against tumor cells and, accordingly, designated as “desmoplastic reaction”. This notion has been challenged in the last decades when desmoplastic tissue was detected in breast tissue in the absence of tumor. This finding suggests that desmoplasia is a preexisting condition that stimulates the development of a malignant phenotype. With this perspective, in the present review, we analyze the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in the development of the desmoplastic response. Importantly, during the discussion, we also analyze the impact of obesity and cell metabolism as critical drivers of tissue remodeling during the development of desmoplasia. New knowledge derived from the dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix may lead to novel targets of interest for early diagnosis or therapy in the context of breast tumors.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 and pathological matrix remodeling mediators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Guizani ◽  
Nesrine Fourti ◽  
Wiem Zidi ◽  
Moncef Feki ◽  
Monia Allal-Elasmi
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Remodeling

scholarly journals Bisphosphonates Reduce Smoking-Induced Osteoporotic-Like Alterations by Regulating RANKL/OPG in an Osteoblast and Osteoclast Co-Culture Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhu ◽  
Victor Häussling ◽  
Romina H. Aspera-Werz ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Bianca Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Extract ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Receptor Activator ◽  
Culture Models

Co-culture models have become mandatory for obtaining better insights into bone homeostasis, which relies on the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Cigarette smoking (CS) has been proven to increase the risk of osteoporosis; however, there is currently no proven treatment for osteoporosis in smokers excluding cessation. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are classical anti-osteoclastic drugs that are commonly used in examining the suitability of bone co-culture systems in vitro as well as to verify the response to osteoporotic stimuli. In the present study, we tested the effects of BPs on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-affected cells in the co-culture of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Our results showed that BPs were able to reduce CSE-induced osteoporotic alterations in the co-culture of osteoblasts and osteoclasts such as decreased matrix remodeling, enhanced osteoclast activation, and an up-regulated receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB-ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio. In summary, BPs may be an effective alternative therapy for reversing osteoporotic alterations in smokers, and the potential mechanism is through modulation of the RANKL/OPG ratio.

Presence of adipose tissue in aortic valves from aortic regurgitation patients: pathophysiological role and clinical implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sadaba Cipriain ◽  
A.M Navarro Echeverria ◽  
C.R Tiraplegui Garjon ◽  
A Garcia De La Pena Urtasun ◽  
V Arrieta Paniagua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Regurgitation ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Left Ventricular Systolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Aortic Valves

Abstract Introduction Adipose tissue is a common constituent of the heart and it is located, without great clinical relevance, frequently in the pericardium. The presence of adipose tissue in the aortic valve is rare, with unknown significance on valve structural properties and function. Aortic regurgitation (AR) is the third most prevalent valve disease, although it is uncommon to find it in isolation. Myxoid degeneration may be the cause or result of AR, although the pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Purpose To describe and characterize the presence of adipose tissue in the aortic valves from a cohort of AR patients. Methods 116 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement due to severe AR were enrolled. We classified them in two groups according to the histological results showing presence or absence of adipose tissue in the aortic valves. In the valve tissue molecular analysis were performed by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA to analyze markers of adipocytes (leptin, adiponectin, resistin), inflammation (Rantes, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β), extracellular matrix remodeling (metalloproteinases-1, -2 and -9), proteoglycans (aggrecan, hyaluronan, lumican, syndecan-1, decorin) and fibrosis (collagens, fibronectin). Results Adipose tissue was found in 63% of the aortic valves analyzed. Baseline characteristics (age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, left ventricular telediastolic diameter, left ventricular systolic function, ascending aorta) were similar in patients presenting valve adipose tissue as compared with patients without valve adipose tissue. Valves containing adipocytes exhibited a higher leptin content (p<0.001), fibronectin (p<0.01), decorin (p<0,0001), hyaluronan (p=0.03), aggrecan (p=0.04) and metalloproteinase 1 (p=0.03). Interestingly, the presence of adipocytes in the valve was positively correlated with valve thickness measured by echocardiogram (Pearson chi2 statistical significance = 26.3345 p<0.001). Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study that describes the presence of adipose cells in aortic valves from a cohort of AR patients. Aortic valves containing adipocytes were thicker and exhibited significant higher levels of proteoglycans, suggesting that adipocytes could contribute to the myxomatous degeneration process. Our results propose that the valve adipose tissue could play a role in the pathophysiology of AR. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Gobierno de Navarra

scholarly journals Endocrine and molecular milieus of ovarian follicles are diversely affected by human chorionic gonadotropin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in prepubertal and mature gilts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Ziecik ◽  
Jan Klos ◽  
Katarzyna Gromadzka-Hliwa ◽  
Mariola A. Dietrich ◽  
Mariola Slowinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

AbstractDifferent strategies are used to meet optimal reproductive performance or manage reproductive health. Although exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists (A) are commonly used to trigger ovulation in estrous cycle synchronization, little is known about their effect on the ovarian follicle. Here, we explored whether hCG- and GnRH-A-induced native luteinizing hormone (LH) can affect the endocrine and molecular milieus of ovarian preovulatory follicles in pigs at different stages of sexual development. We collected ovaries 30 h after hCG/GnRH-A administration from altrenogest and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (eCG)-primed prepubertal and sexually mature gilts. Several endocrine and molecular alternations were indicated, including broad hormonal trigger-induced changes in follicular fluid steroid hormones and prostaglandin levels. However, sexual maturity affected only estradiol levels. Trigger- and/or maturity-dependent changes in the abundance of hormone receptors (FSHR and LHCGR) and proteins associated with lipid metabolism and steroidogenesis (e.g., STAR, HSD3B1, and CYP11A1), prostaglandin synthesis (PTGS2 and PTGFS), extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP1 and TIMP1), protein folding (HSPs), molecular transport (TF), and cell function and survival (e.g., VIM) were observed. These data revealed different endocrine properties of exogenous and endogenous gonadotropins, with a potent progestational/androgenic role of hCG and estrogenic/pro-developmental function of LH.

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