scholarly journals Terminal differentiation of palatal medial edge epithelial cells in vitro is not necessarily dependent on palatal shelf contact and midline epithelial seam formation

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Takigawa ◽  
Kohei Shiota
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Palatal Shelf ◽  
Medial Edge

Differential expression of TGF beta isoforms in murine palatogenesis

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Fitzpatrick ◽  
F. Denhez ◽  
P. Kondaiah ◽  
R.J. Akhurst
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Process ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Palatal Shelf ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Medial Edge

We have studied the expression of genes encoding transforming growth factors (TGFs) beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3 during development of the secondary palate in the mouse from 11.5 to 15.5 days postcoitum using in situ hybridisation. The RNA detected at the earliest developmental stage is TGF beta 3, which is localised in the epithelial component of the vertical palatal shelf. This expression continues in the horizontal palatal shelf, predominantly in the medial edge epithelium, and is lost as the epithelial seam disrupts, soon after palatal shelf fusion. TGF beta 1 RNA is expressed with the same epithelial pattern as TGF beta 3, but is not detectable until the horizontal palatal shelf stage. TGF beta 2 RNA is localised to the palatal mesenchyme underlying the medial edge epithelia in the horizontal shelves and in the early postfusion palate. The temporal and spatial distribution of TGF beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3 RNAs in the developing palate, together with a knowledge of in vitro TGF beta biological activities, suggests an important role for TGF beta isoforms in this developmental process.

scholarly journals Observation of Dynamic Cellular Migration of the Medial Edge Epithelium of the Palatal Shelf in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozo Aoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Kurosaka ◽  
Ayaka Oka ◽  
Kohei Nakatsugawa ◽  
Sayuri Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Palatal Shelf ◽  
Medial Edge

Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation during palatal fusion: carboxyfluorescein traces cells at light and electron microscopic levels

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Griffith ◽  
E.D. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Medial Edge ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation ◽  
First Time

During the fusion of rodent embryo palatal shelves, the cells of the outer epithelial layer slough off, allowing the cells of the medial edge basal layer to form a midline seam that undergoes epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, as judged by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. In this study, we analyze the fate of the transformed cells using a lipid soluble dye to label the medial edge epithelium in situ. Prefusion E14 mouse palates were exposed in vitro or in vivo to a fluoresceinated lipid soluble marker, carboxydichlorofluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CCFSE), which localizes in epithelia as a lipid insoluble compound that does not pass into the connective tissue compartment. The midline seam that formed after 24 hours contained labelled epithelial cells that were replaced by individually labelled mesenchymal cells where the seam transformed. By light microscopy, the labelled cells were seen to contain intensely fluorescent bodies that do not react for acid phosphatase. We were able for the first time to identify these structures by electron microscopy as CCFSE isolation bodies. The cells with isolation bodies are clearly healthy and able to participate in subsequent development of the palate. At 4 days after labelling, individual CCFSE containing cells present in the palate mesenchyme occupy both midline and lateral areas and can clearly be classified as fibroblasts by electron microscopy. CCFSE is a far more useful marker than another lipid soluble marker, DiI, for following cells, because the cells can be fixed and identified both at the light and electron microscope levels. Interestingly, if labelled palatal shelves are not allowed to fuse in vitro, the basal epithelial cells do not form mesenchyme after sloughing, indicating that formation of the epithelial midline seam is necessary to trigger its epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

Human thymic epithelial cells maintain long-term survival of clonogenic myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuto Takenaka ◽  
Mine Harada ◽  
Tomoaki Fujisaki ◽  
Koji Nagafuji ◽  
Shinichi Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells

Platelet Microtubule Subunit Proteins

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1630-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Castle ◽  
N Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Lens Epithelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Microtubular Structures

SummaryBlood platelets contain microtubule proteins (tubulin and HMWs) which can be polymerised “in vitro” to form structures which resemble the microtubules seen in the intact platelet. Platelet tubulin is composed of two non-identical subunits a and p tubulin which have molecular weights around 55,000 but can be resolved in alkaline SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These subunits associate as dimers with sedimentation coefficients of about 5.7 S although it is not known whether the dimer protein is a homo- or hetero-dimer. The dimer tubulin binds the anti-mitotic drug colchicine and the kinetics of this binding are similar to those reported for neurotubulins. Platelet microtubules also contain two HMW proteins which appear to be essential and integral components of the fully assembled microtubule. These proteins have molecular weights greater than 200,000 daltons. Fluorescent labelled antibodies to platelet and brain tubulins stain long filamentous microtubular structures in bovine lens epithelial cells and this pattern of staining is prevented by exposing the cells to conditions known to cause depolymerisation of cell microtubules.

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