Estimating Body Fat and Lean Tissue Distribution in Hyperthyroidism by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gómez Acotto ◽  
H. Niepomniszcze ◽  
C.A. Mautalen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Correlation of a feline muscle mass score with body composition determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (S1) ◽  
pp. S57-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Michel ◽  
Wendy Anderson ◽  
Carolyn Cupp ◽  
Dorothy P. Laflamme
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
X Ray

Body condition scoring (BCS) systems primarily assess body fat. Both overweight and underweight animals may have loss of lean tissue that may not be noted using standard BCS systems. Catabolism of lean tissue can occur rapidly, may account for a disproportionate amount of body mass loss in sick cats and can have deleterious consequences for outcome. Therefore, along with evaluation of body fat, patients should undergo evaluation of muscle mass. The aims of the present study were first to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of a 4-point feline muscle mass scoring (MMS) system and second to assess the convergent validity of MMS by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). MMS was as follows: 3, normal muscle mass; 2, slight wasting; 1, moderate wasting; 0, severe wasting. For the first aim, forty-four cats were selected for evaluation based on age and BCS, and for the second aim, thirty-three cats were selected based on age, BCS and MMS. Cats were scored by ten different evaluators on three separate occasions. Body composition was determined by DXA. Inter- and intra-rater agreement were assessed using kappa analysis. Correlation between MMS and BCS, age, percentage lean body mass and lean body mass (LBM) was determined using Spearman's rank-order correlation. The MMS showed moderate inter-rater agreement in cats that scored normal or severely wasted (κ = 0·48–0·53). Intra-rater agreement was substantial (κ = 0·71–0·73). The MMS was significantly correlated with BCS (r 0·76, P < 0·0001), age (r − 0·75, P < 0·0001), LBM (g) (r 0·62, P < 0·0001) and percentage LBM (r − 0·49, P < 0·0035). Additional investigation is needed to determine whether the MMS can be refined and to assess its clinical applicability.

Reference curves for body fat (%) for Danish children evaluated by skinfolds and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Wohlfahrt-Veje ◽  
Jeanette Tinggaard ◽  
Annette Mouritsen ◽  
Casper Hagen ◽  
Mikkel Grunnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reference Curves

Estimations of body fat by anthropometry or bioelectrical impedance differ from those by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in prefrail community-dwelling older women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S M da Silva ◽  
Simone Biesek ◽  
Audrin S Vojciechowski ◽  
Victoria Z C Borba ◽  
Estela I Rabito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
X Ray

Limitations of body mass index for counseling individuals with unilateral lower extremity amputation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra P Frost ◽  
Tracy Norman Giest ◽  
Allison A Ruta ◽  
Teresa K Snow ◽  
Mindy Millard-Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Limb Loss ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
X Ray

Background: Body composition is important for health screening, but appropriate methods for unilateral lower extremity amputees have not been validated. Objectives: To compare body mass index adjusted using Amputee Coalition equations (body mass index–Amputee Coalition) to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in unilateral lower limb amputees. Study design: Cross-sectional, experimental. Methods: Thirty-eight men and women with lower limb amputations (transfemoral, transtibial, hip disarticulation, Symes) participated. Body mass index (mass/height2) was compared to body mass index corrected for limb loss (body mass index–Amputee Coalition). Accuracy of classification and extrapolation of percent body fat with body mass index was compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Body mass index–Amputee Coalition increased body mass index (by ~ 1.1 kg/m2) but underestimated and mis-classified 60% of obese and overestimated 100% of lean individuals according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Estimated mean percent body fat (95% confidence interval) from body mass index–Amputee Coalition (28.3% (24.9%, 31.7%)) was similar to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry percent body fat (29.5% (25.2%, 33.7%)) but both were significantly higher ( p < 0.05) than percent body fat estimated from uncorrected body mass index (23.6% (20.4%, 26.8%)). However, total errors for body mass index and body mass index–Amputee Coalition converted to percent body fat were unacceptably large (standard error of the estimate = 6.8%, 6.2% body fat) and the discrepancy between both methods and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was inversely related ( r = −0.59 and r = −0.66, p < 0.05) to the individual’s level of body fatness. Conclusions: Body mass index (despite correction) underestimates health risk for obese patients and overestimates lean, muscular individuals with lower limb amputation. Clinical relevance Clinical recommendations for an ideal body mass based on body mass index–Amputee Coalition should not be relied upon in lower extremity amputees. This is of particular concern for obese lower extremity amputees whose health risk might be significantly underestimated based on body mass index despite a “correction” formula for limb loss.

scholarly journals Infancy Weight Gain Predicts Childhood Body Fat and Age at Menarche in Girls

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1527-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken K. Ong ◽  
Pauline Emmett ◽  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Jean Golding ◽  
Imogen Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Childhood Adiposity ◽  
Postnatal Weight Gain

Abstract Context: Rapid postnatal weight gain has been associated with subsequent increased childhood adiposity. However, the contribution of rapid weight gain during specific infancy periods is not clear. Objective: We aimed to determine which periods of infancy weight gain are related to childhood adiposity and also to age at menarche in UK girls. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 2715 girls from a prospective UK birth cohort study participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Routinely measured weights and lengths at ages 2, 9, and 19 months were extracted from the local child health computer database. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at age 10 yr, and age at menarche was assessed by questionnaire (categorized into three groups: &lt;12.0, 12.0–13.0, and &gt;13.0 yr). Results: Faster early infancy weight gain between 0 and 2 months and also 2 to 9 months were associated with increased body fat mass relative to lean mass at age 10 yr and also with earlier age at menarche. Each +1 unit gain in weight sd score between 0 and 9 months was associated with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.48 (1.27–1.60) for overweight (body mass index &gt; 85th centile) at 10 yr, and 1.34 (1.21–1.49) for menarche at less than 12 yr. In contrast, subsequent weight gain between 9 and 19 months was not associated with later adiposity or age at menarche. Conclusions: In developed settings, rapid weight gain during the first 9 months of life is a risk factor for both increased childhood adiposity and early menarche in girls.

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