Stathmin Levels in Growth Plate Chondrocytes Are Modulated by Vitamin D3 Metabolites and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Are Associated with Proliferation

Endocrine ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 093-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W Hummert ◽  
Zvi Schwartz ◽  
Victor L Sylvia ◽  
David D Dean ◽  
Barbara D Boyan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Growth Plate Chondrocytes

scholarly journals Vitamin D inhibition of pro-fibrotic effects of transforming growth factor β1 in lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan M. Ramirez ◽  
Cherry Wongtrakool ◽  
Teresa Welch ◽  
Andreas Steinmeyer ◽  
Ulrich Zügel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts

The expression of transforming growth factor-β by cultured chick growth plate chondrocytes: differential regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

1996 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Farquharson ◽  
A S Law ◽  
E Seawright ◽  
D W Burt ◽  
C C Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Growth Plate Chondrocytes ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) are both important regulators of chondrocyte growth and differentiation. We report here that 1,25(OH)2D3 differentially regulates the expression of the genes for TGF-β1 to -β3 and the secretion of the corresponding proteins in cultured chick chondrocytes. Confluent growth plate chondrocytes were serum-deprived and cultured in varying concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3. Cells were assayed for TGF-β mRNA and conditioned medium was assayed for TGF-β activity and isoform composition. Active TGF-β was only detected in 10−8m 1,25(OH)2D3-treated cultures (8·37 ng active TGF-β/mg protein). There was a significant decrease in total (latent+active) TGF-β activity in conditioned medium of 10−12 m (23·4%; P<0·05) and 10−10 m (20·7%; P<0·05) 1,25(OH)2D3-treated cultures but 10−8 m 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly increased (30·9%; P<0·01) TGF-β activity. The amounts of TGF-β1, -β2 and -β3 isoforms produced were similar in control, 10−10 or 10−12m 1,25(OH)2D3-treated cultures but the conditioned medium of 10−8 m 1,25(OH)2D3-treated cultures contained significantly higher amounts of all three isoforms. Quantification of TGF-β mRNA demonstrated differential control of TGF-β gene expression with TGF-β1 and -β3 mRNA levels reduced by all concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D3 examined (10−8, 10−10 and 10−12 m) whilst TGF-β2 mRNA concentrations were elevated. Our results indicated that 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates chick growth plate chondrocyte TGF-β secretion and mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent and isoform-specific manner. This interaction may be important in the regulation of chondrocyte metabolism and endochondral bone growth. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 149, 277–285

scholarly journals Heritability of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Receptor Type 1 Expression and Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Adolescent Twins

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie T. Mills ◽  
Margie J. Wright ◽  
Anjali K. Henders ◽  
Darryl W. Eyles ◽  
Bernhard T. Baune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Healthy Adolescent ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Cytokines and vitamin D both have a role in modulating the immune system, and are also potentially useful biomarkers in mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia. Studying the variability of cytokines and vitamin D in a healthy population sample may add to understanding the association between these biomarkers and mental illness. To assess genetic and environmental contributions to variation in circulating levels of cytokines and vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D: 25(OH)D3), we analyzed data from a healthy adolescent twin cohort (mean age 16.2 years; standard deviation 0.25). Plasma cytokine measures were available for 400 individuals (85 MZ, 115 DZ pairs), dried blood spot sample vitamin D measures were available for 378 individuals (70 MZ, 118 DZ pairs). Heritability estimates were moderate but significant for the cytokines transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), 0.57 (95% CI 0.26–0.80) and tumor necrosis factor-receptor type 1 (TNFR1), 0.50 (95% CI 0.11–0.63) respectively. Measures of 25(OH)D3 were within normal range and heritability was estimated to be high (0.86, 95% CI 0.61–0.94). Assays of other cytokines did not generate meaningful results. These potential biomarkers may be useful in mental illness, with further research warranted in larger sample sizes. They may be particularly important in adolescents with mental illness where diagnostic uncertainty poses a significant clinical challenge.

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